Term
| Components of visual efficiency training without optical devices |
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Definition
| Long cane travel, ETA’s, sensory training and mobility tools |
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Term
| Components of visual efficiency training with optical devices |
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Definition
| Proper usage and care of devices, localization, stabilization, focusing, scanning, tracing, tracking, eccentric viewing |
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Term
| Localization with telescopes |
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Definition
| alignment of the eye, telescope, and object. Look for object without telescope first, then place telescope in front of the eye for clearer identification |
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Term
| Stabilization with telescopes |
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Definition
| Steady balance and consistent grip. Rest elbows on an object or other hand. |
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Term
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Definition
| Once object is found, turn dial one quarter turn at a time to focus |
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Term
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Definition
| Use of the off center or para macular, meaning near or beside, area of vision for a clearer view. Good exercise- look directly at someone’s face and describe details, then shift eyes up, down, or to the side to discover effect on ability to see these features. |
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Term
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Definition
| Systematic use of head and eye movement to search for targets. Examples: gridline or scanning patterns. |
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Term
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Definition
| Following a moving target, such as tracking car through an intersection, or following the shoulder of someone in front of them. |
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Term
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Definition
| Visually following a stationary line, like tracing a garden bed. Could introduce with young kids by tracing a piece of yarn to a destination/object. |
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Term
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Definition
| Length of city block, distance of two laned street |
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Term
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Definition
| Listen for end of block, sound difference, tactile cues such as ramps |
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Term
| How to use slopes to maximize skills |
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Definition
| Ramps decline towards street, apron of driveway- may feel one foot lower than the other, apex of streets |
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Term
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Definition
| Ability to hear and interpret sound waves and echos |
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Term
| Difference between active and passive echolocation |
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Definition
Passive- hearing the door in a hallway, a sound that is already there
Active- creating a sound that will create an echo, such as clicking or snapping fingers |
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Term
| Factors affecting echolocation |
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Definition
Quality of hearing
Ability to concentrate
Background noise
Surface reflectivity |
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Term
| Strategies to develop echolocation |
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Definition
Noticing strong echo signals, bathrooms, breezeways, stairwells. Encourage singing, repeating words, clapping.
Observation- what skills are already being used?
Locating large objects such as buildings. |
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Term
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Definition
| An area of diminished sound created by the blockage of background sound by a large object positioned between listener and the sound |
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Term
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Definition
| Sound that drowns out other cues, such as bus engine or construction work |
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Term
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Definition
| Increase of frequency of sound produced by a compression of sound waves and the shortening of wavelength as distance decreases between a sound source and an object. A sound source becoming higher pitch and audible the closeness of an object to the spatial location.- You hear the high pitch of the siren of the approaching ambulance, and notice that its pitch drops suddenly as the ambulance passes you. |
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Term
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Definition
Unit of measure for refractive or bending power of lenses or prisms
Normal eye- 60 diopters
Myopia- more than 60 D (requires concave lens, prescription will be -)
Hyperopia- less than 60 D, (requires convex lens, prescription will be +)
Astigmatism- cylindrical lens, one axis only |
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Term
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Definition
| Distance measurement; standard testing at 20 ft. |
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Term
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Definition
| Near visual acuity test; 14 inches; paragraph of print with progressively smaller letters with each line of print |
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Term
| Name the visual fields and their degrees of detection |
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Definition
Nasal field= 60 degrees
Temporal field= 90 degrees
Total= 150 degrees
Superior Field= 50 degrees
Inferior= 70 degrees
Total possible 120 degrees. |
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