Term
| The invention of the cotton gin |
|
Definition
| revived the economy of the South |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a cotton boom in which farmers grew little else |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| was the South's first major cash crop |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| was an area stretching from South Carolina to Texas that grew most of the country's cotton crop |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one of the nation's most productive iron works - they turned iron into useful products for industry and the military. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| owners of small farms averaging 100 acres which were comprised mostly of white southerners |
|
|
Term
| Wealthy white southerners thought that |
|
Definition
| religion justified their place in society and the institution of slavery and that God created some people to rule over others |
|
|
Term
| Slaveholders viewed slaves as |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Slaves could be sold at AUCTIONS with families |
|
Definition
| often separated with little hope of reunion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| that they would be separated from their family and what would happen to their children, brothers, parents |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the belief that people could transcend or rise above material things and the belief that people should follow their own beliefs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| important transcendentalist |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| places where people tried to form a perfect society |
|
|
Term
| The Second Great Awakening |
|
Definition
| Christian renewal movement during 1790's and early 1800's that began in northeastern US |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an effort to have people stop drinking hard liquor and limit the consumption of alcohol |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| led movement to reform the prison system by speaking of the terrible conditions of prisons - encouraged building separate hospitals, reform schools and houses of correction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reformers wanted all children taught in a commonplace regardless of wealth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| leader in the Common School Movement - convinced the state to lengthen the school year |
|
|
Term
| William Lloyd Garrison published an |
|
Definition
| abolitionist newspaper, the Liberator and helped found the American Anti-Slavery Society. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| founded the American Colonization Society |
|
|
Term
| Harriet Tubman an escaped slave who |
|
Definition
| led her family and more than 300 slaves to freedom |
|
|
Term
| Most famous conductor on the Underground Railway |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| powerful supporter of abolition and women's rights |
|
|
Term
| Sojourner Truth's speech at the Women's Rights Convention |
|
Definition
| stated that women should not be thought of as the weaker gender and that they deserve equality |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| prohibited slavery in all parts of the Mexican Cession |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| favoring the interests of one section or region over the interests of the entire country |
|
|
Term
| Antislavery northerners formed a new party called |
|
Definition
| the Free-Soil Party to support the Wilmot Proviso |
|
|
Term
| The Compromise of 1850 agreed to the four following items |
|
Definition
1. California would enter the Union as a free state
2. Mexican Cession would be divided into two territories
3. Slave trade would end in the nation's capital
4. A more effective fugitive slave law would be passed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| made it a crime to help runaway slaves and allowed officials to arrest runaway slaves in free areas. |
|
|
Term
| Under the Fugitive Slave Act slaveholders could take |
|
Definition
| the suspected fugitives to US commissioners who decided their fate, these commissioners received more money for returning them to slaveholders |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Harriet Beecher Stowe was an influential antislavery novel which helped educate Northerners about slavery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| divided the Louisiana Purchase into two territories, allowed popular sovereignty to decide the slavery issue in the Louisiana Purchase |
|
|
Term
| The restriction on slavery made under the Missouri Compromise was |
|
Definition
| lifted under the Kansas Nebraska Act |
|
|
Term
| The slavery issue between the North and South was brought back up under |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Abolitionist John Brown led a group of anti-slavery protesters in |
|
Definition
| the Pottawatomie Massacre |
|
|
Term
| The Pottawatomie Massacre caused Kansas to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Some Whigs, Democrats, Free-Soilers and abolitionists joined in 1854 to form |
|
Definition
| the Republican Party which united against the spread of slavery in the West |
|
|
Term
| Major points of Dred Scott included |
|
Definition
1. African Americans, whether free or slave, were not citizens and hand no right to sue in federal court.
2. Missouri Compromise restriction on slavery was unconstitutional
3. Slaves were considered property and could NOT be taken from their owners |
|
|
Term
| Lincoln stressed that the central issue of campaign was |
|
Definition
| spread of slavery in the West by the Democrats |
|
|
Term
| Douglas criticized Lincoln by saying the nation could not remain |
|
Definition
| "half slave and half free" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| took place when he and his men took over an arsenal in order to give weapons to local slaves |
|
|
Term
| John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry was a failure because |
|
Definition
| he did not have enough supporters for his cause. |
|
|
Term
| Reason southern states seceded was |
|
Definition
| people in the South believed their economy and way of life would be destroyed. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| formally withdrawing from the Union |
|
|
Term
| Lincoln's main goal was to |
|
Definition
| preserve the Union when he took office in 1861 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| planned a naval blockade of southern ports and to capture Mississippi River to divide the South, the Confederacy. |
|
|
Term
| The First Battle of Bull Run was won |
|
Definition
| by the confederates under "Stonewall" Jackson |
|
|
Term
| The First Battle of Bull Run was significant because |
|
Definition
| it shattered the Union's hope of winning the war quickly and easily |
|
|
Term
| The Battle of Antietam was significant |
|
Definition
| because it shifted control of the Civil War from the South to the North |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ships heavily armored with thick metal plating and used by the Confederacy |
|
|
Term
| The principle that "All men are created equal" was the principle from the Declaration of Independence which |
|
Definition
| was supported in Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation |
|
|
Term
| Lincoln suspended HABEAS CORPUS and ignored |
|
Definition
| the right of protection against unlawful imprisonment in order to silence those who were opposed to the war. |
|
|
Term
| The purpose of the Gettysburg Address was to |
|
Definition
| remind Americans of the reasons the Civil War was being fought |
|
|
Term
| The Gettysburg Address reflected the following ideas from the Declaration of Independence |
|
Definition
| valuing liberty, equality and democracy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the process of readmitting the former Confederate States to the union |
|
|
Term
| Goal of reconstruction was to |
|
Definition
| reunite the nation and rebuild southern states without slavery |
|
|
Term
| Under reconstruction Lincoln wanted to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Wade Davis Bill stated that |
|
Definition
| in order to be readmitted a state had to ban slavery and a majority of adult white males had to take an loyalty oath. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| made slavery illegal in the United States and provided a future free from slavery for African Americans |
|
|
Term
| Freedmen's Bureau was established by Congress to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Freedmen's Bureau established |
|
Definition
| 3000 schools and increased efforts to educate freed slaves |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| gave African Americans the right to vote |
|
|
Term
| New state legislatures approved by President Johnson began |
|
Definition
| passing laws to deny civil rights to African Americans |
|
|
Term
| Every southern state passed Black Codes |
|
Definition
| laws that greatly limited the freedom of African Americans |
|
|
Term
| Republicans feared that the Civil Rights Act of 1866 might be |
|
Definition
| overturned by the south so they proposed the 14th amendment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| defined all people born or naturalized in US except NATIVE AMERICANS as citizens. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| citizens were guaranteed equal protection under the law - African Americans had the same rights as white Americans |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| guaranteed African American men the right to vote |
|
|
Term
| Ku Klux Klan was created by |
|
Definition
| white southerners due to the increased government support of African American civil rights |
|
|
Term
| Congress passed laws that made it a federal crime to |
|
Definition
| interfere with elections or to deny citizens equal protection under the law due to the actions of the KKK |
|
|
