Term
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Definition
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Term
| What made Poland a weak country? |
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Definition
| They needed a unanimous vote to pass any laws and they had no natural boundaries. |
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Term
| Why did Fredrick II (Prussia) want to partition Poland? |
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Definition
| He wanted to connect his lands of Brandenburg and Prussia. |
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Term
| Why did Maria Theresa (Austria) want land in Poland? |
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Definition
| She wanted to compensate for the loss of Silesia to Fredrick II (Prussia). |
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Term
| Why did Catherine II (Russia) want land in Poland? |
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Definition
| She wanted to increase the size of Russia. |
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Term
| Why did Europe not object to the Partitions of Poland? |
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Definition
| Poland was really far away from Western Europe, and it moved the Germans east. |
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Term
| What caused Russia to be isolated from the rest of the country? |
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Definition
| Russia was not a place anyone wanted to go becase it was very far east, they practiced a diffrent religion (Eastern Orthodox) than everyone else, their language was very diffrent than everyone elses, they didnt have many roads or ports, it was very large, and it was very cold. |
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Term
| What are the characteristics of Eastern Europe? |
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Definition
| They had few warm water points, few natural boundaries, and they imitated Louis XIV by instituting colonial mercantilism and the military format of France. |
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Term
| Charles I, V, Habsburg gave his land in the Holy Roman Empire and Austria to who? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was Ferdinand I's goal? |
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Definition
| He wanted to unite the German states under his rule. |
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Term
| What caused the Austrian Habsburgs to lose power, and who brought the Habsburgs back into power? |
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Definition
| Losing the 30 Years War, and the Seige of Veinna caused the Habsburg's decline. Leopold I gains land in the War of Spanish Succession, which helps the Habsburgs recover. |
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Term
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Definition
| He was a Habsburg king of Austria who wrote the Pragmatic Sanction. |
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Term
| What was the Pragmatic Sanction? |
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Definition
| It was a document written by Charles VI that made the nobles promise not to divide the Habsburg land, and appointed Maria Theresa the heir of the throne. |
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Term
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Definition
| She was an Austrian Queen who fights in the War of Austrian Sucession, and loses Silesia. |
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Term
| Who was Fredrick-William the Great Elector (Hohenzollern) and what was his major goal? |
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Definition
| He was a Prussian King who was afraid of a 2 front war, so he created a huge, diciplined military. |
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Term
| How did Fredrick III (Hollenzolern)become the first "king" of Prussia? |
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Definition
| He promised to send troops to aid the HRE if they gave him the title of king. |
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Term
| Who was Frederick William I (Hohenzollern)? |
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Definition
| Frederick William I, also known as the Sergent King, was a Prussian king who created a standing army and the Potsdam Guards. |
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Term
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Definition
| Prussian nobles who, in exchange for their sons becoming Generals, supported Fredrick William I. |
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Term
| Who were the Potsdam Guards? |
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Definition
| They werre a unit of guards, created by Fredrick William I, who showed off all the good things about Prussia. They needed to be really tall, have blond hair, fair skin, and blue eyes. They wore all black uniforms. |
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Term
| What is similar between the Prussian Kings and Adolph Hitler? |
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Definition
| They both beleived in aryanism and lebensraum, both were authors, and hitler modeled his S.S. Uniforms after the Potsdam Guards (Black boots, pants, jackets, and hats.) |
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Term
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Definition
| The beleif that there is a pure German race and its superior to everyone else. |
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Term
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Definition
| The beleif that all Germans should live together in a united Germany and that they should have extra room to spread out. |
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Term
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Definition
| It was Frederick II's version of Versailles. This is an example of the Eastern Europeans imitating Louis XIV. |
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Term
| What caused the War of Austrian sucession? |
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Definition
| Frederick II of Prussia annexed Silesia from Austria, which violtated the Pragmatic Sanction, and angered Maria Theresa. |
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Term
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Definition
| An exploding diet is when the nobles of Poland dont reach an unanimous vote, and the law is terminated. |
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Term
| Who were the Hohenzollerns? |
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Definition
| They were a family who were not as wealthy or popular as the Habsburgs. They controlled many disconnected chunks of land. |
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Term
| Where did the Hohenzollerns originate? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who was Fredrick II "The Great"? |
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Definition
| Fredrick II was the son of Fredrick William I. He loved French culture, built Sans Souci, annexed Silesia, fought in the War of Austrian Sucession and the Seven Years War, and wrote "History of Prussia." |
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Term
| What were the alliances at the begining of the War of Austrian Sucession? |
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Definition
| Prussia and France battled Austria, Hungary and England. |
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Term
| What were the terms of the Treaty of Aix-La-Chapelle, and which war was it created in? |
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Definition
| The Treaty of Aix La Chapelle, created during the War of Austrian Sucession, was a treaty that said that Prussia could have Silesia, but every other change that happened during the war was undone. |
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Term
| What was an alternate name for the Seven Years War? |
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Definition
| The Seven Years War was also known as the French and Indian War by the French and the British. |
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Term
| What were the alliances during the Seven Years War? |
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Definition
| Prussia and England fought France and Austria. |
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Term
| What were the terms of the Treaty of Paris and what war was it created in? |
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Definition
| The Treaty of Paris, created during the Seven Years War, said that England could have Canada and all land east of the Mississippi river, Spain got the Louisiana territory, and Prussia kept Silesia. |
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Term
| Which rulers were members of the Habsburg family? |
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Definition
| Charles I V Habsburg (Spain, HRE, Spanish Netherlands), Ferdinand (Austira), Leopold I (Austria), Charles VI (Austria), and Maria Theresa (Austria). |
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Term
| Which rulers were members of the Hohenzollern family? |
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Definition
| Frederick William the Great Elector, Frederick III I, Frederick William I, Frederick II the Great. |
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Term
| Which rulers were members of the Romanov Dynasty? |
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Definition
| Michael, Peter I "The Great", Catherine II "The Great". |
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Term
| Who were two important early Russian rulers? |
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Definition
| Ivan II and Ivan IV "The Terrible" |
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Term
| Who was Peter I "The Great"? |
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Definition
| Peter I was a Romanov ruler who sought to modernize Russia, establish the Holy Synod and gain a warm water port. Westernization is asociatedd with him. |
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Term
| What were Russia's 2 main forign policy goals? |
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Definition
| Aquire a warm water port and find land that they could grow crops on. |
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Term
| What caused the downfall of the absolute monarchs? |
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Definition
| Ideas of liberty and equality became popular in Europe. |
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Term
| What changes did Peter I make in the Russian government? |
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Definition
| He eliminated taxes for the nobles and established a central beuracracy. |
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Term
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Definition
| They were a group of Russian nobles who received estates in return for government service. |
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Term
| Who was Cathernine II "The Great"? |
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Definition
| Catherine II was a Russian queen of German decent. She ruled during the serf rebellion and the Partitions of Poland. |
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Term
| What wars did Peter the Great fight, and what were the effects of these battles? |
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Definition
| They fought the Ottoman Empire to get a port on the Black Sea and lost, and thety fought Sweden to acquire controll of the Baltic coastline. |
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Term
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Definition
| A council of bishops, created by Peter I "The Great", who were responsible to a secular government offical appointed by the tsar. It was created after the head of tthe Eastern Orthodox Church died. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ferdiand was the ruler of Austria during the 30 Years War. |
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Term
| What caused the 30 Years War? |
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Definition
| Protestant princes in Germany resisted the Austrian Habsburgs, Calvinists were angry about their religion not being legalized in the Peace of Augsburg, and Catholics and Protestands fought over their religions. |
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Term
| Who fought in the 1st part of the 30 Yeears War? |
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Definition
| Czechs and Protestant Germans fought Spain, Catholic Germans and Ferdinand. |
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Term
| Who fought in phase 2 of the 30 Years War? |
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Definition
| Denmark fought the Habsburgs. |
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Term
| Who fought in phase 3 of the 30 Years War? |
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Definition
| Sweden and France against the Habsburgs |
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Term
| What were the results of the 30 Years War? |
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Definition
| France gained power and Germany lost power. The Peace of Westphelia was created, which recognized Calvinism as a religion. The Habsburg's dream of ruling a united Germany was crushed. |
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