Term
| Cosmetics as defined by the FDA |
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Definition
| Articles that are intended to be rubbed, poured, sprinkled or otherwise applied to the human body or any part thereof for cleansing, beautifying, promoting attractiveness or altering the appearance. |
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Term
What is the Estheticians main focus?
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Definition
Improvement of the skins cosmetic appearance. Estheticians work only with the epidermis.
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Term
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Definition
| Functional Ingredients make up the majority of a product. These ingredients do not affect the appearance of the skin but are necessary to the product formulation. Preservatives are examples of inactive functional ingredients. |
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Term
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Definition
| "Active Ingredients" Cause the actual changes in the appearance of the skin. Glycerin, which hydrates the skin is an example of an active ingredient. |
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Term
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Definition
This is a proposed third category, these are products what intend to improve the skin's health and appearance. Cosmeceuticals are stronger in performance ingredients that may cause biochemical reactions and physiological effect to the skin.
*This category is not yet recognized by the FDA* |
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Term
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Definition
| An ingredient that may be less likely to cause allergic reactions. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ingredients that will not clog pores or cause comedones. |
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Term
| What is the most frequently used cosmetic ingredient? |
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Definition
Water
Water is used both as a vehicle and a performance ingredient. |
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Term
| How much water do anhydrous products contain? |
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Definition
None
Generally, the products are designed for very dry skin. |
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Term
What are Emollients?
How do emollientswork as performance ingredients? |
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Definition
Fatty materials used to lubricate and moisturize the skin. They can be either vehicles or performance ingredients.
Emollients lie on to p of the skin and prevent dehydration by traping water and decreasing TEWL, which increases moisture in the epidermis |
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Term
| Which oils come from the earth? |
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Definition
Mineral & Petroleum
*both of these oils are biologically inert, meaning they do not react with other chemicals involved in the skin's function. |
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Term
| What are two of the fatties plant oils? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the uses of different plant oils? |
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Definition
| Most are used for emollient properties, but some are used for their aromatic essential oils. |
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Term
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Definition
| Lubricant ingredients dirived from plant oils or animal fats. |
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Term
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Definition
| Oleic acid, stearic acid, and caprylic acid |
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Term
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Definition
| Fatty alcohols are fatty acids that have been exposed to hydrogen. They are not drying and have a waxlice consistency. They are used as spreading agents. |
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Term
| Name three fatty alcohols |
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Definition
| Cetyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, and stearyl alcohol |
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Term
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Definition
They are produced from fatty acids and fatty alcohols.
Esters almost always end in "ate" on labels.
They often feel better than natural oils and lubricate more evenly. |
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Term
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Definition
| isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, and clyceryl stearate. |
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Term
| What are silicones as used in cosmetics? |
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Definition
| Silicones are a group of oils that are chemically combined with silicon and oxygen and leave a noncomedogenic protective film on the surface of the skin. |
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Term
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Definition
| Comedogenicity is the tendency of any topical substance to cause or to worsen a buildup of dead cells in the follicle, leading to the development of a comedo. |
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Term
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Definition
| Surfactants are surface active agents that reduce surface tension between the skin and the product to increase product spreadability; also allow oil and water to mix; detergents and emulsifiers. |
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Term
| What do Surfactants do to oil and water? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the main type of surfactants used in skin cleansing products? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are some of the properties of detergents? |
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Definition
They reduce the surface tension of dirt and oil on the skin's surface and for an emulsion to lift them from the skin.
They are agents that cause cleansers to foam.
Cleansers if too strong can remove too much sebum and can actually damage the lipid barrier function of the skin. |
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Term
| Name some common detergents |
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Definition
| sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium laureth sulfate, and ammonium lauryl sulfate |
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Term
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Definition
| Cleansers are soaps and/or detergents that clean the skin. Soaps may be combined with detergents to make cleansers. |
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