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| different from the apes’ shredding canine, we use this to process our food. |
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| objects that humans use to manipulate their environment, tools |
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| The Six Features that Make us Human |
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1)Bipedalism
2)Non-Honing Caninie
3)Material Culture/Tools
4)Hunting
5)Speech
6)dependance on domesticated food |
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1)Observation
2)Hypothesis
3)Test
4)Theory |
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| the study of humankind, viewed from the perspective of all people and times. |
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| Cultural Anthropology: Typically studies modern day societies in non Western settings. Studies culture. |
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| learned behavior that is transmitted from person to person |
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| study material objects (artifacts) from past cultures. |
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| study the construction and use of language by human societies. |
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| study the construction and use of language by human societies. |
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| set of written or spoken symbols that refer to things other than themselves |
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| Physical/Biological Anthropology |
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| study all aspects of past and present human biology (evolution, variation, etc.). |
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| the study of non-human primates |
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| the study of extinct life forms through the study of fossils. |
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earth is the center of the universe
life is immutable (fixity of species)
spontaneous generation
the earth is young
theology |
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| (1788) calculated earths age as millions of years old |
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| (1830) rediscovered and reinforced Hutton’s ideas |
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| (1796) Extensively studied fossils |
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| (1660) Pioneered taxonomy based on physical appearance |
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| (1735) Wrote Systems of Nature which presented the binomial nomenclature taxonomy of plants and animals. |
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| Thomas Malthus: (1798) founded demography: only some will find enough food to survive |
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| Jean Baptiste de Lamarck: (1809) posited characteristics acquired via inheritance |
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| Erasmus Darwin: (1794) Also posited characteristics acquired via inheritance |
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| Disciplines that influenced Darwin |
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| Disciplines that influenced Darwin: Geology, Paleontology, taxonomy and systematics, demography, biology. |
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| Theory of Natural Selection |
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Definition
heory of Natural Selection: evolution by natural selection
evolution occurs
common descent
variation occurs
environment
traits that are beneficial are passed on through time
-evolution is a population level event. |
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Gregor Mendel: demonstrated mechanisms of inheritance with pea plants
genes alleles etc. |
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Modern Synthesis:
encompasses both darwins and mendels theories, a unified approach to genetics |
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1) Mutation: change in structure in DNA
2)Natural Selection: favoring characteristics
3) Genetic Drift: genetic change from chance
4) Gene flow: transfer of genes across a population boundary
Natural selection most acting |
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