Term
| What period was cultural evolution quickest in? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the term for the "domestication of crops and animals"? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe Aurignacian culture |
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Definition
| Body ornamentation (showing a desire to look good to others) and cave art, generally concerning animals |
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Term
| Describe the Aurignacian tool industry |
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Definition
| First upper paleolithic tool industry. 30-40kya. Used bone as a material. Used heat to make carving them easier. |
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Term
| Why is there more genetic variation in African humans that in humans from other continents? |
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Definition
| Humans began in Africa and so the African people have existed longer, allowing more variation to occur in their population. |
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Term
| How long ago were the oldest known homo sapiens alive? Where? |
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Definition
| 100 to 200 kya, in Africa DUH |
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Term
| What are the differences between modern homo sapiens and Neanderthals? |
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Definition
| smaller and flatter faces, smaller brains, chins, higher foreheads, thinner structure. |
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Term
| Which premodern humans are most closely related to modern humans? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe Homo Floresiensis |
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Definition
| 16-74 kya, ~3 feet tall (aka Hobbits), ~400 cc brains, |
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Term
| What species did H. Sapiens most likely evolve from? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where were most Homo Neanderthalensis fossils found? |
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Definition
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Term
| What tool industry did Neanderthals use? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the culture of Neanderthals |
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Definition
| Personal ornamentation, no cave art, artwork uncommon in general, buried their dead |
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Term
| Describe Homo Heidelbergensis |
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Definition
| ~1359 cc brain, closest to modern humans, a lot of variation within species. |
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Term
| Which method considers only current humans to be H. Sapiens? (anagenesis or cladogenesis) |
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Definition
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Term
| When was the earliest appearance of the genus Homo? |
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Definition
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Term
| Debate exists over what species being either australopithecus or homo? |
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Definition
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Term
| What species has the nickname "Handy Man"? |
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Definition
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Term
| Homo Habilis is similar to the point of being debatably considered what species? |
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Definition
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Term
| Homo habilis used what tool industry? |
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Definition
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Term
| Was Homo Habilis a hunter or scavenger? |
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Definition
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Term
| Was Homo neanderthalensis a hunter or scavenger? |
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Definition
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Term
| What happened to global weather during a glaciation? |
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Definition
| Cold in Europe, Dry (arid) in Africa. |
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Term
| What happened to global weather during an interglacial? |
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Definition
| Warm in Europe, rain and humidity in Africa. |
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Term
| Was homo ergaster found in europe, africa, or asia? |
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Definition
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Term
| Homo erectus was found in what continent? |
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Definition
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Term
| What about H. Ergaster is more like modern humans than H. Neanderthalensis? |
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Definition
| Ergaster had body proportions closer to Sapiens than Neanderthalensis did. |
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Term
| Homo Ergaster used what tool industry? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the longest lasting tool industry? |
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Definition
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Term
| If a species supplies itself with hand axes and exoeriences vitamin A poisoning, what does it hint at? |
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Definition
| That the species were meat eaters. |
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Term
| What differences existed between H. Ergaster and H. Erectus? |
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Definition
| Erectus had bigger face and brow ridge, and a thicker skull. Both used different tool industries. |
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Term
| What tool industry did H. Erectus use? |
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Definition
| Oldowan, Acheulean in rare cases. |
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Term
| What was the Miocene era like? |
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Definition
| Initially tropical, temps fell. Begins to dry and primates adapted to wet climate go extinct. |
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Term
| What era took place 5-23 mya? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where does the foramen magnum lie in a human? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is diastema? Do apes or humans have it? |
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Definition
| The gap between the canines and incisors. Found in apes. |
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Term
| Who has shorter palms, apes or humans? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who has shorter thumbs, apes or humans? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name adaptations which allow a species to become bipedal |
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Definition
| shorter pelvis, no opposable big toe, legs slant inward, foramen magnum moves to centre of skull. |
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Term
| What was the very first hominin species (as we know it)? When did it exist? |
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Definition
| Sahelanthropus Tchadensis (6-7 mya) |
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Term
| What size of brains did Sahelanthropus Tchadensis have? |
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Definition
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Term
| Before ardi came the species __________ |
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Definition
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Term
| Kadabba is a species of the genus ______ |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| List all species that fall into the ardipithecus subspecies chronologically |
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Definition
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Term
| What species was the first definitive biped? |
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Definition
| Ardipithecus Ramidus. NOTE not completely bipedal. |
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Term
| Name all species that fall under the australopithecus subspecies |
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Definition
| A. Anamensis, A. Afarensis, A. Africanus, A. Garhi, A. Sebida |
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Term
| Who were the first to use tools. (ssp) |
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Definition
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Term
| What size of brains did australopithecines have? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which species was the first incontrovertible biped? |
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Definition
| Australopithecus Anamensis |
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Term
| What species was the first of the australopithecines? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What species was the "Taung Child"? |
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Definition
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Term
| Also referred to as "Robust Australopithecines" |
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Definition
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Term
| Name all species that fall under the Paranthropus genus chronologically. |
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Definition
| P. Aeranthropus, P. Robustus, P. Boisei |
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Term
| Which species was largest in the Paranthropus genus? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many species are there in the Kenyanthropus genus? Name them. |
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Definition
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Term
| Name all of the genera of Australopithecines |
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Definition
| Australopithecus, Paranthropus, Keyanthropus, (Homo?) |
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Term
| When were the earliest Homo fossils from? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most visible difference between australopithecus and homo habilis? |
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Definition
| Larger skull size in H. Habilis |
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Term
| What tool industry is most recent? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| List the tool industries in chronological order |
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Definition
| Oldowan, Acheulean, Mousterian, Aurignacian, Microlithic |
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Term
| Which era had the most variable temperatures? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Similarities based on descent from a common ancestor. |
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Term
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Definition
| Similarities based on a common function |
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Term
| What is the difference between a Homology and a Homoplasy? |
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Definition
| Homologies are similar traits from a common ancestor, and Homoplasy is a set of similar traits not inherited from a common ancestor. |
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Term
| What is the difference between "Evolutionary Systematics" and "Cladistics"? |
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Definition
| Cladistics involves no use of time. |
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Term
| What are the 2 categories of isolation? |
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Definition
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Term
| Define Sympatric Isolation |
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Definition
| Isolation by means other than geographic separation. |
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Term
| Define Ecological Isolation |
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Definition
| When 2+ species live in the same region, but occupy different habitats (eg. land or trees) |
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Term
| Define Temporal Isolation |
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Definition
| Species breed during different times of day, month, or year. |
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Term
| What kind of reproductive isolation is caused by "different shaped puzzle pieces"? |
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Definition
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Term
| When the sperm and egg of two species are unable to fuse it is called __________ |
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Definition
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Term
| Give an example of Hybridization. What are the negative consequences? |
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Definition
| Mules or Ligers. Offspring is usually weaker and less fit than either parent, and generally sterile. |
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Term
| Give an example of intraspecific variation |
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Definition
| Black bear can be white or black. Female and male body shape in humans. |
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Term
| A black bear and a grizzly bear are an example of _________ variation |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name of the proposed supercontinent of the Paleozoic era? (500 mya) |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the names of the 2 proposed continents of the Mesozoic era? (200 mya) |
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Definition
| Gondwanaland and Laurasia |
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Term
| What historical era included periods such as Miocene, Pleistocene, and Eocene |
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Definition
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Term
| How can we explain the relatively quick development and success of mammals? |
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Definition
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Term
| Do monotremes or marsupials lay eggs? |
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Definition
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Term
| The mammalian group whose infant development takes place inside the mother's body is called __________ |
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Definition
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Term
| How many mya was the Eocene era? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the two types of primates that evolved in the Eocene era. |
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Definition
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Term
| What primate ancestor existed 65 mya? Was it a true primate? |
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Definition
| Plesiadapiformes. Not true primate |
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Term
| What primate type from the Eocene era resembled today's lemurs? |
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Definition
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Term
| How did the climate vary from the Eocene to the Oligocene era? |
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Definition
| Cooled at end of Eocene, continued to cool during Oligocene |
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Term
| What primate types existed during the Oligocene era? |
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Definition
| Oligopithecids, Parapithecids, and Propilopithecids |
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Term
| When did the Miocene era take place? |
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Definition
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Term
| What species is most likely the first ape? |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the name of the largest primate that ever lived? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Give an example of intraspecific variation |
|
Definition
| Black bear can be white or black. Female and male body shape in humans. |
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|
Term
| A black bear and a grizzly bear are an example of _________ variation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the name of the proposed supercontinent of the Paleozoic era? (500 mya) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the names of the 2 proposed continents of the Mesozoic era? (200 mya) |
|
Definition
| Gondwanaland and Laurasia |
|
|
Term
| What historical era included periods such as Miocene, Pleistocene, and Eocene |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How can we explain the relatively quick development and success of mammals? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Do monotremes or marsupials lay eggs? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The mammalian group whose infant development takes place inside the mother's body is called __________ |
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Definition
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|
Term
| When two gametes combine it is called a _________ |
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Definition
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Term
| Who discovered and named DNA? When? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the differences between rNA and DNA? |
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Definition
| DNA is a double helix and rNA is only one strand. They use different sugars. rNA has Uracil instead of Thymine |
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