Term
What's the orange section?
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What's the pink section?
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What's the red part of the TM?
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What's the green part of the TM?
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What's the yellow part of the TM?
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Term
| TM innervated by (1) ___ branch of mandibular nerve – a branch of V, (2) ___ branch of X, and (3) ___ branch of IX |
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Definition
| auriculotemporal; auricular; tympanic |
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Term
| Air filled spaced within the temporal bone; irregularly shaped |
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| Tympanic Cavity: The ___ and the ___ are the most important walls; fairly thin layer of bone called the ___ tympani (comes from the word for roof)-separates the middle ear from the brain; important because a disease in the middle ear could easily travel to the ___ |
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Definition
| ceiling; floor; tegmen; brain |
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Tympanic Cavity:
The floor of the ME-thin bone that separates the middle ear from the jugular fassa vein-called the ___ ___-middle ear disease/infection could infect the ___ through this |
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| The ___ window opens into the inner ear; occupied by the footplate of the stapes |
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Definition
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| ___ canal (Aqueduct of fallopius)-bony canal that the facial nerve runs through |
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Definition
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| ___ (pyramidal eminence)-opens below oval window and contains stapedius muscle |
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| The ___ window opens into the scala tympani (in the inner ear) |
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| The eustachian tube is lined with ___ ___ |
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Definition
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| The eustachian tube is a narrow, flat tube; at rest it is ___; when you yawn, cough, sneeze, or swallow the eustachian tube ___; pops open about every ___; there are 3 muscles of the ___ that are attached to the eustachian tube |
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Definition
| closed; opens; minute; palate |
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Term
| The eustachian tube is more ___ in children than it is in adults which is part of the reason children get more ear infections |
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Definition
| level (adults are more sloped) |
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Term
| The ossicular chain forms a ___; creates a physical attachment between the ___ and the ___ and ___ windows |
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Definition
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| The ossicles are held in place by __ ligaments |
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The 2 muscles of the ME:
-Tensor Tympani-Contracts the ___; innervated by the mandibular nerve of the ___ nerve
-Stapedius-pulls stapes ___; pulls it ___ from the oval window; pulls it into the ___ ___ space; keeps loud sound from reaching the inner ear (makes it softer); innervated by the ___ nerve |
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Definition
| TM; trigeminal; posteriorly; away; middle ear; facial |
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Term
| ME cavity supplied by 6 arteries – __ large (tympanic branch of the internal maxillary [TM], stylomastoid branch of the posterior auricular [posterior cavity, mastoid]) and __ small (petrosal branch of middle meningeal, a branch from the ascending pharyngeal, a branch from the artery of the pterygoid canal [accompanies the Eustachian tube], and the ___ branch of the internal carotid |
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Definition
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| There are nerves that spider out over the tympanic membrane and those nerves include branches from the ___, ___, and ___ nerve |
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Definition
| glossopharyngeal; facial; trigeminal |
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Term
| The ossicular chain translates vibrations to the ___ window |
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| Impedance matching helps overcome the ___ of air and fluid between the middle and inner ear |
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Definition
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Term
| You can acquire a conductive hearing loss of __ dB if the ossicular chain doesn't work |
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Definition
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| TM is __ times bigger than the oval window |
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Ossicular Chain:
Changes in stiffness affect the ___ frequencies; changes in mass tend to affect the ___ frequencies |
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| If you increase the intensity and/or the frequency the TM breaks up and vibrates at ___ times |
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| The ME is protected by ___ bone. The ME also serves as protection for the ___ ear |
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Resonance:
Outer Ear Resonance: __-__ dB of gain; ___-___ Hz; smaller cavities have a ___ frequency resonance and larger cavities have a ___ frequency resonance |
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Definition
| 10-15; 1500-7000; higher; lower |
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Term
| Ear drum; division between the outer and middle ear; very thin; normally pearly grey; concaved shape; semi-translucent |
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Definition
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TM:
-1. ___ ___ ___
-2. outermost layer; heals pretty readily
-Between 3 and 4. Fibrous tissue. Mostly made up of collagen; hard to perforate
-5. Mucous membrane-lines the middle ear space
-6. ___ ___ ___
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Definition
1. External Auditory Meatus
2. Cutaneous layer
3. Radiating layer of collagen fibers 4. Circular layer of collagen fibers
5. Simple cuboidal epithelium layer (mucosa)
6. ME cavity |
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Term
| There are 3 muscles of the palate that are attached to the eustachian tube, what are they? |
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Definition
| Levator veli palatini (used to ventilate the ET), tensor veli palatini, and salpingopharyngeus |
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Term
| This muscle contracts the TM and is innervated by the mandibular nerve of the trigeminal nerve |
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Definition
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| This muscle pulls the stapes posteriorly and away from the oval window. It also pulls it into the middle ear space and keeps loud sounds from reaching the inner ear (makes it softer). It is innervated by the facial nerve |
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| -The middle ear is most efficient at ___ Hz. |
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