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| An estate granted to a vassabl by a lord under the feudal system in Medieval Europe |
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| What were the main events of the 3rd Crusade? |
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| Richard the Lion Hearted with two other leaders, recapture Jerusalem. |
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| an essential element of feudal society |
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| What were the farming techniques of the Middle Ages? |
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| What were the role of the knights? |
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| Serve upon in the army of the lord that he is sworn to. Protect the King, and governing land area. |
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| first of the treaties that divided the Carolingian Empire in the 9th century. |
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| The body of laws governing the religious practices of a Christian church |
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| What was the significance of Charlemagne's kingdom after his death? |
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| Charlemagne crowned his only surviving son, Louis the Pious as emperor. A civil war ended, when the brothers (Charles the Bald, Louis the German, and Lothair signed the Treaty of Verdun in 843. |
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(Great Carter)
Document guaranteeing basic political rights in England, drawn up by nobles and approved by King John in A.D 1215. |
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| Medieval association of people working at the same occupation, which controlled its members wages and prices |
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| A dynasty of Frankish rulers, lasting from A.D 751 to 987 |
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| What was the impact of the Crusades? |
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Negative: Weakened the Byzantine Empire, the Pope, and nobles. Kings become stronger. Leaves a legacy of bitterness between the Christians, Jews and the Muslim.
Positive: Stimulated Trade throughout the Mediterranean and Middle East. Europe learns much from the Muslim. |
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| effort by Christian leaders to drive the Muslims out of Spain. lasting from the 1100s until 1492 |
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| What was the significance of Charlemagne's kingdom? |
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| Charlemagne's empire was divided into three kingdoms. Holy Roman Empire |
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| the appointment of religious officials by kings or nobles |
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| deadly disease that spread across Asia and Europe in the mid 14th century, killing million of people |
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| Impact during Bubonic Plague |
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Definition
| Town population reduced,, trade declined. Prices increased, farmland were abandoned. |
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| First ruler to call his lands the Holy Roman Empire. He was chose by the Prince to keep Germany's peace. |
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| Describe the reason of the Hundred Years War |
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| England's Edward III claimed the right to the French throne as grandson of Philip IV. |
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| Impact after Bubonic Plague |
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| Disrupted medieval society |
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| Why would some say the Hundred Years War, marked the end of the Middle Ages? |
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| Intense religious devotion and the code of the chivalry both crumbled. |
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| Medieval poet/musician who traveled from place to place, entertaining people with songs of country love |
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| Mayor of the eastern part of the Frankish Kingdom. Stopped the Muslims from invading further into Europe during the Battle of Tours. |
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| Charlemagne extended Christian civilization, furthered blending of German, Roman, and Christian traditions, and set up a strong, efficient government. |
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| Describe the impact of the Hundred Years War |
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Definition
Ended in 1453.
For the French, raised the power and prestige of the French Monarch. It strengthened the English Parliament. |
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| An Italian monk who began writing a book describing a strict yet practical set of rules for monasteries. |
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| Duke of Normandy who invaded England with A Norman army. |
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| People who could not lawfully leave the place where they were born. |
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| One of the wealthiest and most powerful women in Western Europe during the High Middle Ages. Wife of King Henry II. |
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| a pope who both started the crusades and was pope until around 1082 A.D. |
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| Gothic Style Architecture |
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| Style of church architecture that developed in medieval Europe. |
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| An honest and brave Muslim leader who took control of Jerusalem during the Second Crusade. |
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| What were the main events of the 1st Crusade? |
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| Captured Jerusalem, Carved in up into 4 Crusade states. |
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| Describe the event of the Hundred Years War |
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Definition
English repeated their victory ten years later at the Battle of Poitiers.
The third English victory was the Battle of Agincourt. |
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| What were the main events of the 2nd Crusade? |
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| Muslim Leader Saladin takes control of Jerusalem. Muslim Turks re-conquer the city. |
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| One of the English Kings and two others who recaptured Jerusalem during the Third Crusade. He and Saladin respected each other. |
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| A young peasant woman who led the French army through many victories during the Hundreds Years' War. |
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| Describe the reason for the Crusades? |
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Definition
| The Byzantine Emperor (Alexius Comnenus) asked Pope Urban II, to help against the invaders. |
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| What was the impact of Germanic invasions to Western Europe? |
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| The Germans invaded Rome to escape the Huns, and they eventually took over the entire City of Rome. The Germanic invasions are considered one of the major reasons for the fall of the Roman Empire. |
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| The person receiving a fief. |
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| a 16th century movement for religious reform, leading to the founding of Christian church's that rejected the pope's authority. |
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| Describe the weapons of the Hundred Years War |
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| The era in European history that followed the fall of the Roman Empire, lasting about 500 to 1500--also called the medieval period |
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| He founded the Franciscans, |
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| What were the main events of the 4th Crusade? |
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Definition
| The Christians are finally pushed out of Jerusalem. Muslim Turks are the victors and take over the Byzantine empire in 1453. |
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| A lord's estate in feudal Europe |
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| Religion community of men who have given up their possessions to devote themselves to a life of prayer and worship. |
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| The Frank's first Christian king, that laid down the foundations for his kingdom. He greatly strengthened the Merovingian Dynasty, which was named after his legendary ancestor. |
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| What were the knight's code of conduct? |
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| Chivalry. (Bravery, honor, courtesy, and Courageous) |
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| A conflict in which England and France battled on French soil on and off from 1337 to 1453. |
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| Lived during the Reformation, wrote doctrines that told the Christian church to read the bible themselves. |
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