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Definition
| a device that performs the information-processing cycle |
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Term
| information-processing cycle |
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| consists of four basic operations: input, processing, output, and storage |
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| a group of associated components that work together |
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| computer system components two main groups |
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| made up of the physical parts of the computer and includes such components as the system unit, monitor, keyboard, and printer |
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| made up of all the programs that instruct the computer |
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| includes the programs that assist with the proper functioning of the computer |
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| includes the programs unused to perform tasks |
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| The first operation of the information-processing cycle, enables the computer to accept data |
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| refers to facts that are raw and unorganized |
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| data is entered into the computer for processing through the use of this |
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| the second operation of the information-processing cycle, converts data into information |
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| refers to consolidated, organized, processed data |
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| the central processing unit (CPU) |
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Definition
| processes data into information |
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| Random access memory (RAM) |
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Definition
| temporarily stores programs and data needed by the CPU |
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| the third operation of the information-processing cycle, requires output devices to display results for people to see or hear |
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| the fourth operation of the information-processing cycle, holds programs, software, and data that the computer system uses |
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| includes hard drives, CD and DVD drives, and media card readers that are used with USB drives and flash memory cards |
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| the high-speed movement of data or information |
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Definition
| a hardware component that moves data into and out of a computer |
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| connects two or more computers to share input/output devices and other resources through the use of a network interface card |
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| computers for individuals and computers for organizations |
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Definition
| The two separated main types of computers |
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| computers for individuals |
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Definition
| are normally designed for one user at a time |
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| Computers for organizations |
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Definition
| are designed to be used by many people at the same time |
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Definition
| are generally either Mac (Apple’s Macintosh) systems or IBM-compatible systems |
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Definition
| designed for home or office desk use, now include all-in-one computers that combine the system unit and the monitor |
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Definition
| small enough for easy computer mobility |
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Definition
| run full desktop operating systems but have fewer components than notebooks, weigh less, and are smaller |
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Definition
| can be used to input data with a keyboard or mouse, and the user can write on the monitor with a special pen or stylus |
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Definition
| small, inexpensive notebooks designed primarily for wireless Web browsing and e-mail |
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Definition
| combine the capabilities of handheld computers, such as PDAs, and mobile phones. |
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| Professional workstations |
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Definition
| are intended for technical applications that need powerful processing and output. |
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Definition
| enable users connected to a computer network to have access to the network’s programs, hardware, and data |
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Definition
| include the user computers connected to the network |
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| includes the use of client computers with centralized servers |
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| Minicomputers or midrange servers |
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Definition
| designed to meet the needs of smaller companies or businesses. |
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Definition
| carry out very large processing jobs to meet the needs of large companies or agencies of the government |
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Definition
| able to perform extremely high-speed processing and show underlying patterns |
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Definition
| deals with moral dilemmas relating to computer usage |
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Definition
| allows students to learn without requiring them to be at a specific location at a specific time |
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Definition
| the replacement of people by machines and computers |
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| the obsolescence of certain jobs |
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| where one company contracts with another company to have services performed that could have been done by employees |
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| flooding the labor market with foreign workers |
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| Information Systems (IS) Department |
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| Functional area within a company or university responsible for managing information technology and systems |
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| Software development firm |
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| Transfer of labor from workers in one country to workers in another |
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| Study of storage, change, and transfer of information |
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| Management information systems (MIS) |
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Definition
| Focuses on practical applications of information systems and technology |
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Definition
| Involves upgrading, managing, and modifying computer programs |
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| Electrical engineering (EE) |
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Definition
| Focuses on cutting-edge communication and digital circuit design |
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Definition
| Combines computers and medical expertise to simulate a long-distance house call |
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Definition
| Expansion of telemedicine that extends services to the preventive side of medicine |
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| Any program that gives the user the ability to complete work on the computer |
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| General-purpose applications |
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Definition
| Enable users to complete common tasks |
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Definition
| Enable users to incorporate more than one type of technology |
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Definition
Refers to the technology used in presenting information including:
Pictures
Sound
Video |
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Term
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Definition
| algorithms that reduce file size and allow faster Internet transfer speeds |
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Term
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Definition
| does not delete information needed to reproduce the image without flaws |
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Definition
| removes some information, but the loss is typically not noticeable |
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| Audio Video Interleave (AVI) |
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Definition
| Microsoft-created specification for packaging audio and video data into a file |
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Definition
| Create vector graphics that can be edited and resized without distortion |
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Definition
| Manipulates variations in color intensity that would be produced by light falling on an object from multiple directions |
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| Give the ability to create animation from images and run the animation |
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Term
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Definition
Share files and collaborate
Windows Office Live
Google Docs
Help avoid file incompatibility |
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