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| Connection through marriage |
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| A group of young men born withing a specific time span such as five years, so then a new age set is made every 5 years (for example) |
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| Refers to individuals' abilities to reflect systematically on taken for granted cultural practices, to imagine alternatives, and to take independent action to pursue goals of thier own choosing. |
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| patrilineal; traced through father's side |
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| Not a status you are born into (such as caste) but something you gain, work for (chief/ boss of company) |
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| the study of the human past through material remains, including buildings, artifacts, writing. |
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| the social status a person is assigned at birth or assumes involuntarily later in life. It is a position that is neither earned nor chosen but assigned.[1] These rigid social designators remain fixed throughout an individual's life and are inseparable from the positive or negative stereotypes that are linked with one's ascribed statuses. |
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| exchange is exactly equal |
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| a small group of related people, who are primarily organized through family bonds. Foraging typifies the subsistence technology. A respected and older person may be looked to for leadership, but the person has no formalized authority. |
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1923 - First woman professor of anthropology
Child rearing molds personalities to a basic type Each culture develops a limited number of themes “cultural configurations” – that dominate the thought & behavior of its members
Each culture selectively chooses among an infinite number of traits |
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| Native American tradition, name of a male who shows female characteristics and therefore is of the third gender. Androgynous, highly spiritual, highly intellectual, make important contributions to society |
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| a basis of kin classification that distinguishes the mother's side of the family from the father's side. |
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| Same as Cognatic descent. Related to both mother and father's side of the family to the same degree. |
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| Patterns in which marries partners live with or near either the wife's family or the husband's family. (rare form) |
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| Previously divorced people marry bringing with them children form previous marriage |
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| Father of US anthropology. Not race, not evolution but different histories explain variety of human cultures |
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| Capitalist class which owned the means of production |
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Cultural anthropology
Linguistic anthroplogy
Medical anthropology
Biological anthropology
Archaeology |
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| Symbolically important goods given from grooms family to bride's, mostly common within patrilineal society |
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| set of formal statuses with a role that serves to ensure smooth functioning of complex organizations (usually referring to government) |
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| ranking of members in a society by occupational status and degree of purity or pollution as determined by their birth |
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| political organization is typically inherited through kinship lines. A ranked society in which a few leaders make decisions for the group. |
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| noncorporate descent group in which genealogical links to a common ancestor are assumed but are not actually known |
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| term used to describe ranked subgroups in a stratified society whose members are differentiated from one another primarily in economic terms, based on income level or even kind of property owned (which usually implies a high income...) |
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| Clientage/patron-client relationships |
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| cross-hierarchy connections that allow individuals belonging to differently ranked groups to create a more personalized relationship. Ex: Latin america institution of Compadrazago where lowere ranked married couple (clients) asks higher ranking person (patron) to serve as their child's godparent, will help when needed |
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| the mental processes by means of which individual human beings make sense of and incoroporate information about the world |
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| The distinction between mother and aunt and father and uncle. disctinction made between kin who are believed to be in a direct line and those who are linked to ego through a lineal relative. |
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| people who are linked to one another by birth as blood relations. may also include individuals whose membership in the group were not in the group through birth but through adoption |
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| When the pigdin becomes an actual language (pigdin-a reduced language with a simplified grammar and vocab that develops when speakers of different languages need to communicate with one another |
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| Ego's mother's brother child and father's sister child (opp sex of parent, parallel cousins born to mother's sister, vice versa) |
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| The learned patterns of behavior and thought that help a group adapt to it's surroundings |
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| the mixing and reconfiguring of elements from different cultural traditions |
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| Anthropologists looked at whether culture had some sort of influence on the type of personalities that were found within the society |
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| Looking at rituals and cultural practices in the context of the culture |
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1859 – Origin of Species
Natural Selection
Biological Evolution
“Descent of Man”
Dissatisfaction in scientific
community with Biblical
version of creation |
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| a theoretical construct that seeks to unify several related structures. |
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| Made up of blood relations |
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| there was a shift in the earl 20th century when scholars went from diachronic study of language, concerned with change over time, to synchronice, concerned with patterns present in a particual lang at a particular point in time |
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| One usage refers to a variety of a language that is characteristic of a particular group of the language's speakers.[1] The term is applied most often to regional speech patterns, but a dialect may also be defined by other factors, such as social class |
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| deals with human-environmental (culture-nature) relationships over time and space |
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| all members enjoy roughly the same degree of wealth power and prestige |
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| categories created by the native speaker-informant |
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| social processes through which children come to adopt the ways of thinking feeling and behaving considred appropriate for adults in their culture |
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| rules requiring selecting of a marriage partner from within a particular group |
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All people capable of progress
Locke - Mind an ‘empty cabinet’
World is knowable through senses
(non-religious and anti-clerical) |
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| - description of a culture, usually based on the method of participant observation |
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| comparative analysis of cultural patterns to explain differences and similarities among societies. |
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| Sciences des interactions entre l'homme et son environnement. |
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| people of the same race or nationality who share the same culture |
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| judging other cultures by the standards of your own, believeing yours as superior |
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| destruction of a culture of a people (rather than themselves) |
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| language categories created by outsiders (versus emic, by insiders) |
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| out-marriage. marrying outside of extended family, lineage, clan etc. vs endogamy (within) |
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| when families include third generation (grandparent parents children) |
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