Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| is TB the leading lethal infectious pathogen? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lymphadenopathy due to TB - which feel firm and matted upon palpation |
|
|
Term
| can measles lower the immune system to allow TB to easier infect pts? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| does infection automatically mean disease? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| aerosolizd droplet nuclei |
|
|
Term
| what is the association of erythema nodosum with TB? |
|
Definition
| erythema nodosum is a non-specific finding (painful, erythematous, palpable nodules over the extensor surfaces) that may be associated with TB (also sarcoid, drug rxn, IBD, and lymphoma). generally it will heal w/o ulceration or scarring |
|
|
Term
| how does TB appear on a cx? |
|
Definition
| like dry bread crumbs on an löwenstein jensen slant |
|
|
Term
| what stain is diagnostic for TB? |
|
Definition
| acid-fast, upon which TB appears as beaded rods/clumps of magenta color |
|
|
Term
| can pts w/TB have drenching sweats? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| TB ca resemble millet seeds on a CXR |
|
|
Term
| PPD has what kind of sensitivity and specificity? |
|
Definition
| PPD tests have a low sensitivity and low specificity (will react to BCG vaccine). a new IFN-gamma release assay test is being developed that is better b/c it only looks for the antigens from the pathogen, not the vaccine |
|
|
Term
| can TB cause tuberculomas in the brain? what other test should be performed if this is suspected? |
|
Definition
| yes, which can be sometimes unexpected but occurs as a result of dissemination. they appear as nodular lesions on an MRI and pts may present with night sweats and fever. a gastric lavage should be performed as well to assess dissemination to the GI. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome is a condition seen in some cases of AIDS or immunosuppression, in which the immune system begins to recover, but then responds to a previously acquired opportunistic infection (*TB) with an overwhelming inflammatory response that paradoxically makes the symptoms of infection worse |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a swelling without erythema or increased heat which should increase suspicion for musculoskeletal TB |
|
|
Term
| can TB in the adrenals cause addison's disease? |
|
Definition
| yes, and pts skin may darken |
|
|
Term
| what are the factors converging to create the "perfect storm" w/ XDR TB as an emerging threat? |
|
Definition
| introduction of second-line TB drugs into lo and middle income countries, suboptimal TB control practices, high HIV prevalance, high TB burden, lack of attention to infection control |
|
|
Term
| is mycobaterium avium complex an AIDS-defining illness? |
|
Definition
| yes - this is most commonly seen when the CD4 count is under 50 even though its presentation is very similar to TB |
|
|
Term
| do HIV and TB work together? |
|
Definition
| yes, each makes the effect of the other worse |
|
|
Term
| what is lady windermere syndrome? |
|
Definition
| middle lobe bronchiectasis due to cough suppression and mycobaterium avium complex infection |
|
|
Term
| what is associated with hot tub folliculitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what organism causes "fish tank" granulomas and tenosynovitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what organism can cause furunculosis? what is this associated with? |
|
Definition
| mycobacterium fortuitum - which can be contracted during a pedicure |
|
|
Term
| what causes the buruli ulcer? |
|
Definition
| mycobacterium ulcerans - 3rd most common mycobacterial infection in the world after TB and leprosy |
|
|
Term
| how much of the world's population is infected with mycobacterium TB? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what should be considered in skin infections and lymphadenitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
