Term
What is metabolism?
What are the two processes? |
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Definition
Metabolism is all chemical reactions in the body.
Anabolism and catabolism. |
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Term
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Definition
| Process which makes large molecules from small, it requires energy. Eg. making proteins from amino acids |
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Term
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Definition
| The breaking down of large molecules to smaller ones, it releases energy. Eg. ATP -> ADP + P |
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Term
| Describe carbohydrate metabolism |
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Definition
| Poly- and di- saccharides are converted to mono-, mainly glucose, which are absorbed in small intestine then transported to the liver via the hepatic portal vein. Liver converts remaining mono- (fructose and galactose) to glucose. |
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Term
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Definition
It's the preferred substrate for synthesizing ATP.
Glycogenesis is excess glucose stored in liver and skeletal muscles as glycogen. Lipogenesis is when the liver converts remaining glucose to triglycerides and it's stored in fat cells. |
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Term
| Where is adenosine diphosphate (ADP) found? |
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Definition
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Term
| What's the ATP/ADP cycle? |
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Definition
Energy produced during catabolism of glucose is used to attach a phosphate onto ADP to produce ATP.
ADP + P + energy -> ATP
When the energy is needed for cellular processes the ATP is broken down and energy is released.
ATP -> ADP + P + energy |
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Term
| Name 3 cellular processes that require energy |
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Definition
Sodium/Potassium pump
Contraction of muscle fibres
Sending of nerve impulses |
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Term
| What is the equation for aerobic respiration? |
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Definition
| C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy |
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Term
| What are the 3 stages to aerobic respiration? |
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Definition
Glycolysis
Citric Acid Cycle
Electron Transport Chain |
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Term
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Definition
| 1 gluose molecule is broken down into 2 molecules of pyruvic acid which is then converted to acetyl coenzyme A before entering CAC. 2 molecules of CO2 are released and 2 molecules of ATP are produced. This occurs in the cytosol. |
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