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Definition
| charges separated by membrane |
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Definition
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Term
| resting membrane potential |
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Definition
negative charge inside of cell at equilibrium
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Term
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Definition
alter/change membrane permeability
effects membrane channels |
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Term
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Definition
| channels that are always open |
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Term
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Definition
channels that open and close in response to stimuli. one of 3 states:
- open(activated)
- closed but capable of opening
- closed and incapable of opening
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Term
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Definition
chemicals can bind to receptors on gating proteins causing the channels to open or close
ex. acytocholine
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Term
| voltage-sensitive channels |
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Definition
| gating proteins open or close channels in response to the charge across the membrane |
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Term
| increased permeability to Na+ ions results in |
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Definition
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| increased permeability to K+ and Cl- ions results in |
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Definition
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Definition
| produced when a local potential reaches threshold |
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Definition
| result of increased membrane permeability to Na+ ions and movement of Na+ into cell |
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Definition
| result of decreased membrane permeability to Na+ ions which stops Na+ from entering the cell, and increased membrane permeability to K+ ions increasing K+ movement out of the cell |
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Term
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Definition
| increased K+ ion permeability during repolarization lasts longer the time required to bring membrane to RMP |
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Term
| Absolute Refractory Period |
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Definition
| the time during an action potential when a second stimulus, no matter how strong, cannot initiate another action potential |
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Term
| Relative Refractory Period |
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Definition
| The time during which a stronger than threshold stimulus can evoke another action potential. Follows the absolute refractory period. |
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Term
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Definition
| transfers action potentials |
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Term
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Definition
| action potential in first cell results in release of a chemical which binds to receptors on second cell resulting in depolarization in Na+ channels open or hyperpolarization if K+ or Cl- channels open |
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Definition
| action potential passes directly from one cell to another |
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Definition
| only produces a local potential |
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Definition
| causes a local potential that reaches threshold and results in a single action potential |
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Term
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Definition
| a stimulus strong enough to produce the maximum frequency of action potentials |
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Term
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Definition
| stimuli between threshold and maximal stimulus strength |
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Term
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Definition
| any stimulus stronger than a maximal stimulus |
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