Term
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Definition
| Digested food passes into the bloodstream. The large intestine concentrates feces. The wastes pass out of the body through the anus. |
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Term
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Definition
| Failure of the lower esophageal sphincter muscle (LES) to relax. |
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Term
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Definition
| Absence of hydrochloric acid from the gastric juice |
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Term
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Definition
| A tumor marker that is often elevated in the blood of patients with HCC. |
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Term
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Definition
| Small building blocks of proteins; released when proteins are digested. |
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Term
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Definition
| Enzyme secreted by the pancreas and salivary glands to digest starch. |
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Term
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Definition
| Normal tube-like passageway near the anus. |
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Term
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Definition
| Surgical procedure that creates a new opening between two previously unconnected tubular structures in the body |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Loss of appetite associated with emotional problems such as anger, anxiety, and irrational fear of weight gain. |
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Term
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Definition
| Terminal end or opening of the digestive tract to the outside of the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| Inflammation of the mouth with small ulcers; canker sores |
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Term
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Definition
| Excision or removal of the appendix |
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Term
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Definition
| Inflammation of the appendix |
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Term
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Definition
| Small, tube-like organ connected to the beginning of the large intestine (the cecum). It's located in the lower right quadrant of the abdomen (RLQ) |
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Term
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Definition
| Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen. |
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Term
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Definition
| Digestive juice made in the liver and stored in the gallbladder. |
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Term
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Definition
| Pertaining to the bile or bile ducts. Bile ducts empty bile into the small intestine (Duodenum). |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Orange-yellow pigment found in bile. It's released from the breakdown of hemoglobin when red blood cells die. |
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Term
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Definition
| Rumbling or gurgling noises produced by hyperactive movement of gas, fluid, or both in the gastrointestinal tract. |
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Term
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Definition
| Intestine. Large intestine is called the colon and small part is the small intestine. |
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Term
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Definition
| Mucous membranes lining the cheek. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Pointed dog-like teeth next to the incisors. |
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Term
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Definition
| Pertaining to the Cecum, which is the first part of the large intestine (colon). |
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Term
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Definition
| First part of the large intestine (colon). |
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Term
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Definition
| Pertaining to the abdomen |
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Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal condition of the lip(s). |
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Term
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Definition
| Removal (excision or resection) of the Gall bladder. |
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Term
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Definition
| Surgical anastomosis (creation of a new opening) between the common bile duct and the jejunum. |
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Term
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Definition
| Abnormal condition of stones in the common bile duct. |
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Term
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Definition
| Incision of the common bile duct. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal condition of stones in the gallbladder; Gallstones. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Chronic, degenerative disease of the liver. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Benign growths protruding from the mucous membrane of the colon. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Visual (endoscopic) examination of the colon |
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Term
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Definition
| Adenocarcinoma of the colon or the rectum or both. |
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Term
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Definition
| New opening of the colon through the abdominal wall to the outside of the body. |
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Term
|
Definition
Tube carrying bile from the liver (through the hepatic duct) and gallbladder (through the cystic duct)
into the duodenum (first part of the small intestine). |
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Term
|
Definition
| Difficulty in passing (eliminating) feces (stool). |
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Term
|
Definition
| Chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Eliminating of wastes and undigested foods through the anus. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| A yellow-brown calcified deposit on teeth |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the teeth and cheek. |
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Term
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Definition
| Primarily found in teeth; surrounding the pulp and covered by enamel of the crown. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Frequent passage of loose, watery stools. |
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Term
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Definition
| Food is broken down, mechanically and chemically, as it travels through the gastrointestinal tract |
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Term
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Definition
| Aid in the breakdown of complex nutrients. |
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Term
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Definition
| Small, pouch-like herniations through the muscular wall of a tubular organ such as the colon. |
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Term
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Definition
| Abnormal outpouchings (diverticula) in the intestinal wall of the colon. |
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Term
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Definition
| Pertaining to the duodenum |
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Term
|
Definition
| First part of the small intestine |
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Term
|
Definition
| Painful, inflamed intestines commonly caused by bacterial infection. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Difficulty in swallowing. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Breakdown of large fat globules into smaller, digestible particles. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Hard, outermost layer of a tooth. |
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Term
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Definition
| Dentist specializing in the inner parts of a tooth. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the small intestine and colon. |
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Term
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Definition
| New opening between two previously unconnected parts of the small intestine. |
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Term
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Definition
| Chemical that speeds up reaction between substances. |
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Term
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Definition
| Gas expelled from the stomach through the mouth; belching or burping. |
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Term
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Definition
| Pertaining to the esophagus. |
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Term
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Definition
| Malignant tumor of the esophagus. |
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Term
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Definition
| Swollen, twisted veins at the lower end of the esophagus. |
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Term
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Definition
| Tube that carries food from the pharynx (throat) to the stomach. |
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Term
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Definition
| Study of the cause of disease. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Substances produced when fats are digested. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Gas expelled through the anus. |
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Term
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Definition
| Small sac under the liver; Stores bile |
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Term
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Definition
| Malignant tumor of the stomach. |
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Term
| Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease |
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Definition
| Solids and fluids return to the mouth from the stomach (GERD). |
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Term
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Definition
| Series of organs that carry food from the mouth to the anus. |
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Term
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Definition
| New surgical connection (anastomosis) between the stomach and the jejunum (Second part of the small intestine). |
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Term
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Definition
| New opening of the stomach through the abdominal wall to the outside of the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| The periodontist uses a metal instrument to scrape away plaque and tartar from teeth; pockets of pus are drained and removed to allow new tissue to form. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the gums. |
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Term
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Definition
| Process of producing new sugar from fats and proteins; occurs mainly in the liver. |
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Term
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Definition
| Simple sugar; necessary as a source of energy for body cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| Storage form of glucose (sugar); produces glucose when it's broken down in liver cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| Breakdown of glycogen to release sugar. |
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Term
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Definition
| Passage of bright red blood from the rectum |
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Term
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Definition
| Swollen twisted veins in the rectal and anal region. |
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Term
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Definition
| Disorder spread by contaminated food or water and characterized by slow onset of symptoms. |
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Term
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Definition
| Transmitted by sexual contact, blood transfusions, or the use of contaminated needles or may be acquired by maternal to fetal transmission. Severe infection can cause destruction of liver cells, cirrhosis, or death. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Transmitted by blood transfusions or needle inoculation (shared needles). The acute illness may progress to chronic hepatitis and HCC. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Malignant tumor of the liver. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Tumor (cancerous) of the liver; Hepatocellular carcinoma |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the mouth caused by infection with the herpes virus. Fever blisters and cold sores are examples. |
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Term
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Definition
| Protrusion of the upper portion of the stomach into the chest through the opening of the diaphragm. |
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Term
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Definition
| Substance (strong acid) produced in the stomach; aids digestion. |
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Term
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Definition
| High levels of bilirubin in the bloodstream; jaundice. |
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Term
|
Definition
| High levels of sugar in the bloodstream; associated with diabetes mellitus. |
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Term
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Definition
| Pertaining to under the tongue. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Jaundice; yellow-orange coloration of the skin and whites of the eyes caused by high levels of bilirubin in the blood. |
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Term
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Definition
| Pertaining to unknown cause of disease. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the ileum (third part of the small intestine) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Rings of muscle between the ileum and the cecum (first part of the large intestine). |
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Term
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Definition
| New opening of the ileum to the outside of the body |
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Term
|
Definition
| Third part of the small intestine. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Loss of peristalsis with resulting obstruction of the intestines. |
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Term
|
Definition
| One of the four front teeth on either jaw |
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Term
| Inflammatory Bowel Disease |
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Definition
| Inflammation of the colon and small intestine; Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis are examples. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Small loop of bowel protrudes through a weakened lower abdominal muscle into the groin. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Hormone secreted by the endocrine cells of the pancreas. It transports sugar from the blood into cells. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Telescoping of the intestines. |
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Term
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Definition
| Group of gastrointestinal symptoms (abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, and bloating), but without structural abnormalities in the intestines. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Yellow-orange coloration of the skin and whites of the eyes caused by high levels of bilirubin in the blood; icterus. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Second part of the small intestine. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Process of visually examining the abdomen using an endoscope (laparoscope); minimally invasive surgery. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Pancreatic enzyme necessary to digest fats. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Benign tumor of fatty tissue. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Formation of stones (calculi). |
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Term
|
Definition
| Large, reddish-brown organ in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen (RUQ). |
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Term
| Lower Esophageal Sphincter |
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Definition
| Rings of muscle between the esophagus and stomach. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Black, tarry stools; feces containing blood. |
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Term
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Definition
| Membrane that attaches the intestines to the abdominal wall and holds them in place. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Three large fat teeth at the back of the mouth on either side of the dental arch. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Unpleasant sensation in the stomach with a tendency to vomit. |
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Term
| Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis |
|
Definition
| Fatty infiltration of the liver, which may progress to cirrhosis and HCC. |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| White plaques or patches on the mucous membranes of the mouth. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Dentist specializing in straightening teeth. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Roof of the mouth; hard roof is the front bony portion and the soft roof is the posterior fleshy part near the throat. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Surgical repair of the pharynx and palate. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Surgical repair of the palate |
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Term
|
Definition
| Gland located under and behind the stomach; produces the hormone insulin to transport sugar to cells and enzymes to digest foods. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Malignant tumor of the pancreas. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the pancreas. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Small elevations on the surface of the tongue; containing taste buds. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to by some route other than through the gastrointestinal tract, as by intravenous injection. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Salivary gland within the cheek, just anterior to the ear. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Benign growth that protrudes from the mucous membrane of the colon attached to the membrane by a stalk. Looks like grapes hanging down. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Open sore in the lining of the stomach or duodenum. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to surrounding the anus. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation and degeneration of gums, teeth, and surrounding bone. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Dentist specializing in treating the gums. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Rhythmic contractions of the tubes of the gastrointestinal tract and other tubular structures. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the peritoneum. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the pharynx. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Large vein bringing blood to the liver from the intestines. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Two teeth before the molars. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Specialist in the study of the anus and the rectum. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Enzyme that digests protein. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Soft tissue within a tooth containing nerves and blood vessels. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Ring of muscles that surrounds the opening of the stomach to the duodenum. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Surgical repair of the pyloric sphincter. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Distal region of the stomach near the duodenum. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Discharge of pus from the gums. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Last section of the large intestine (colon). |
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Term
|
Definition
| Ridges on the hard palate and the wall of the stomach. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Digestive juice produced by salivary glands. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Three pairs of exocrine glands secreting saliva into the mouth; parotid glands, sublingual glands, and submandibular glands. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Benign growth that protrudes from the mucous membrane of the colon sitting directly on the mucous membrane. Looks like a swollen booger against a wall of the membrane. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of a salivary gland. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Salivary gland stone; lodged in a salivary gland or duct. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Lower, s-shaped section of the colon, just before the rectum. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Visual endoscopic examination of the sigmoid colon. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Circular ring of muscle that constricts a passage or closes a natural opening. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Discharge of fat in the feces due to improper digestion and malabsorption of fat. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Muscular organ that receives food from the esophagus; composed of three main parts; Fundus (upper portion), body (middle section), and antrum (lower portion). |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the mouth. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to under the tongue. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to under the lower jaw (mandible). |
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Term
|
Definition
| Fat molecules composed of three parts fatty acid and one part glycerol; chief form of lipids. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Chronic inflammation of the colon with the presence of ulcers. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Soft tissue hanging from the middle of the soft palate, at the back of the mouth. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Removal (excision) of the uvula. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Microscopic projections in the wall of the small intestine that absorb nutrients into the bloodstream. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the liver caused by a virus. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Twisting of the intestine on itself. |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A cartilaginous flap of tissue, that covers the trachea so that food cannot enter and become lodged there |
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Term
|
Definition
| Part of the throat near the mouth |
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Term
|
Definition
| Time it takes food to leave stomach |
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Term
|
Definition
| Tube through which enzymes are sent to the Duodenum to help digest starches, proteins, and fats |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Membrane that hangs down like an apron over the intestines. Such as when one throws a jacket on a chair rest. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Liver cancers that begin in the bile ducts most of the time, occasionally from the gallbladder. |
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