Term
| what period is the first half of stage 1 of an untreated HIV infection |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the t-cell count of the window period |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the second half of the first stage of an untreated HIV infection called |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what period is stage 2 of an untreated HIV infection |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the t-cell count of stage 2 |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what happens in the third stage of an untreated HIV infection |
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Definition
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|
Term
| what is the t-cell count in the third stage |
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Definition
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Term
| how long is the window period |
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Definition
| six weeks to three months |
|
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Term
| what happens in the window period |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what is unique about window period |
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Definition
| may test negative but can still transmit disease |
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Term
| how long is the average asymptomatic period |
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Definition
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Term
| 10 symptoms of HIV infection |
|
Definition
1. swollen glands
2. persistent diarrhea
3. night sweats
4. fatigue
5. rapid weight loss
6. fever/chills
7. mild infections
8. dry cough/shortness of breath
9.white patches on tongue or mouth
10. chronic yeast infection (women) |
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|
Term
| when is the most infectious period |
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Definition
| first few weeks after infection |
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|
Term
| what are the 4 infectious fluids |
|
Definition
1. blood
2. semen
3. vaginal fluid
4. breast milk |
|
|
Term
| 4 body openings that can contract HIV |
|
Definition
1. mouth
2. genitals
3. anus
4. cuts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. sex (any type)
2. sharing needles
3. mother to fetus
4. blood transfusion |
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|
Term
| 4 steps to staying healthy once infected |
|
Definition
1. education
2. nutrition
3. exercise
4. treatment |
|
|
Term
| 2 new therapeutic techniques in 1998 |
|
Definition
1. PEP: post exposure prophylaxis
2. PrEP: pre exposure prophylaxis |
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Term
| administration of anti-HIV drugs within 72 hours of a high-risk exposure to help prevent development of HIV infection |
|
Definition
| PEP: post exposure prophylaxis |
|
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Term
| use of antiretroviral drugs as a preventive measure to potentially decrease the risk of HIV transmission |
|
Definition
| PrEP: pre exposure prophylaxis |
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Term
| treating retroviral infections with drugs |
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Definition
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|
Term
| what is the HIV life cycle |
|
Definition
1. virus in bloodstream
2. attaches to cell
3. empties contents in cell
4. HIV genetic code builds HIV DNA
5. HIV DNA inserted in cell DNA
6. infected cell reproduces & activates HIV
7. material for new virus made
8. virus pushes out of cell
9. breaks free of cell
10. virus matures |
|
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Term
| block the genetic code from making HIV DNA |
|
Definition
nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
(NRTIs) |
|
|
Term
| block the virus from maturing |
|
Definition
protease inhibitors
(PIs) |
|
|
Term
| prevent HIV from entering a cell |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when a drug stops working and mutations continue multiplying |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| virus empties its contents into a cell |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| single strands of viral RNA are used to create double-stranded DNA |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| viral DNA is inserted into the cell's own DNA |
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Definition
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|
Term
| infected cell divides, making long chains of proteins |
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Definition
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|
Term
| immature virus pushes out of the cell |
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Definition
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Term
| disabiling and life-threatening illness caused by human immunodeficiency virus |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| acute syndrome marked by flu-like symptoms that occur in over 50% of HIV-infected individuals anywhere from 3-6 weeks after initial infection |
|
Definition
| acute retroviral syndrome |
|
|
Term
| makred by opportunistic infections or CD4 T-cell counts less than 200 |
|
Definition
| advanced-stage HIV infection |
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|
Term
| protein made in response to an antigen as part of the immune system to fight off infection |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| substance that enters into the body that triggers the production of antibodies |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| t-helper lymphocytes that work for the immune system by directing other cells to rid the body of infections |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| research study that uses human volunteers to answer specific health questions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in a weakened state and unable to perform usual functions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| worsening in the severity of an infection |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| body's defense mechanism against infections |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| invasion by and multiplication of microscopic organisms in the body which cause disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| filter lymph as it flows through, trapping foreign substances which are destroyed by special white blood cells called lymphocytes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| white blood cell that help the immune system clear infections from the body |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| large cell of the immune system that helps clear infections from the body |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| potential infections that cause disease when a weakened immune system provides the opportunity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| making copies or reproducing |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| type of virus that contains the genetic material RNS |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| genetic material within cells and organisms necessary for transmission of genetic information for replication and function |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| characteristic or indication of an infection |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| measure of the amount of HIV RNA in an infected person's blood |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| microscopic organism that must infect another cell to survive and reproduce |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| weakness in the body's system that fights disease |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| group of health problems that make up a disease |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| how many Americans are living with HIV or AIDS |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what percent of AIDS diagnosis were male |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the percents for type of contraction in 2006 |
|
Definition
male-male sex: 53%
high risk hetero sex: 31%
shared needles: 12%
male-male sex & IDU: 4% |
|
|
Term
| what were percentages for diagnosis based on race in 2006 |
|
Definition
black: 45%
white 35%
hispanic: 17%
asian: 2%
indian: 1% |
|
|
Term
| what were percentages for diagnosis based on age in 2006 |
|
Definition
13-29 years: 34%
30-39 years: 31%
40-49 years: 25%
50+ years: 10% |
|
|
Term
| in cases of children with AIDS what are the percentages based on contraction and race |
|
Definition
92% mother to child
81% black or hispanic |
|
|
Term
-published that 5/11 AIDS patients are hetero
-proven that AIDS is infectious
-200 cumulative cases |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
-found virus linked to AIDS
-try to convince blood banks to test blood
-first clinical definition of AIDS |
|
Definition
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|
Term
-Rock Hudson dies increasing awareness
-blood is tested for HIV antibodies
-20,000 cases |
|
Definition
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|
Term
-named HIV
-universal precautions in hospitals |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
-Reagan gives speech on AIDS
-vaccine research begins |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| -first worlds AIDS day (Dec.1) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
-reasearch shows HIV is on university campuses (2/1,000 students)
-ADA includes HIV/AIDS |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
-Magic Johnson announces HIV+
-red ribbon becomes symbol
-madatory testing for health care workers |
|
Definition
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|
Term
-AIDS is number one cause of death for US men 25-44
-250,000 cases |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
-AIDS definition revised
-FDA approves female condom |
|
Definition
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|
Term
-AIDS leading cause of death in Americans 25-44
-500,000 cases |
|
Definition
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|
Term
-FDA approves viral load test
-HIV home test approved
-new AIDS diagnosis declines for first time |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| -AIDS deaths decline by more than 40% |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
-congress approves $156 million for AIDS funding
-first human trial for HIV vaccine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
-Clinton starts Millenium Vaccine Initiative
-Clinton signs Needle Stick Safety and Prevention Act |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
-approval of OraQuick antibody test
-women make up about half of adults with HIV/AIDS
-AIDS leading cause of death 15-59years worldwide |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| -Bush makes President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
-Obama calls for 1st National HIV/AIDS strategy
-Obama launches Global Health Initiative |
|
Definition
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