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| A Roman Catholic bishop next in rank to the pope with purely titular or with metropolitan jurisdiction. |
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| The ruler of the Islamic Ummah. |
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| A participant in one of the Crusades |
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| A person in a condition of servitude, required to render services to a lord, commonly attached to the lord's land and transferred with it from one owner to another. |
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| A person granted the use of land, in return for rendering homage, fealty, and usually military service or its equivalent to a lord or other superior; feudal tenant. |
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| The group of body of ordained persons in a religion, as distinquished from the laity. |
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| One of a class of medieval lyrics poets who flourished principally in southern France from the 11th to 13th centuries, and wrote songs and poems of a complex metrical form in langue d'oc, chiefly on themes of courtly love. Compare trouvère. |
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| The largest branch of Islam |
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| A member of one of the two great religious divisions of islam that regards Ali. |
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| An assemblage of the nobility, clergy, and commons called together by the British sovereign as the supreme legislative body in the United Kingdom |
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| Commander & vizier in Egypt. |
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| King of the Franks from 768 and Emperor of the Romans (Imperator Romanorum) from 800 to his death in 814. |
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| Fictional sultan's wife who narrated The Thousand and One Nights. |
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| A tribe of Tartars from Central Asia who established a powerful empire in Persia in the 11th century. |
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| The sacred text of Islam, considered by Muslims to contain the revelations of God to Muhammad. |
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| The worldwide community of Christians |
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| A cubed shaped building. The most sacred site in Islam. |
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| In the early 1330s an outbreak of deadly bubonic plague occurred in China. |
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| A Muslim house of worship. |
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| A tall slender tower of a mosque having one or more balconies from which the summons to prayer is cried by the muezzin. |
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| Inheritable lands or revenue-producing property granted by a lord to a vassal who held seisin in return for a form of allegiance. |
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| The qualities idealized by knighthood, such as bravery, courtesy, honor, and gallantry. |
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| An association of craftsmen in a particular trade. |
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| A complex of buildings, that houses a room reserved for prayer. |
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| A very long journey or search of great moral significance. |
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