Term
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Definition
| Passage of materials through the walls of the small intestine and into the bloodstream. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Failure of the lower esophagus sphincter (LES) to relax; dilation of the esophagus and loss of peristalsis occurs. |
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Term
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Definition
| Absence of hydrochloric acid from the gastric juice. |
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Term
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Definition
| The chief constituents of proteins, these are acids that contribute to protein synthesis. Amino acids are formed when large proteins molecules are digested. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The enzyme that digests or breaks down starch into simple substance. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Abnormal tube-like passageway near the anus. |
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Term
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Definition
| An opening between two tubular organs. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The opening of the rectum to the outside of the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| Inflammation of the mouth with small, painful ulcers; canker sores. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Removal or excision (resection) of the appendix. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the appendix. |
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Term
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Definition
| Small, slender sac near the beginning of the colon in the RLQ of the abdomen. |
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Term
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Definition
| Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Yellow or organ fluid produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder. It travels from the gallbladder into the small intestines to help digest fats. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to bile or affecting the bile ducts. Bile ducts empty bile into the small intestine (duodenum). |
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Term
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Definition
| A yellow-orange pigment found in bile. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Rumbling or gurgling noise produced by hyperactive movement of gas, fluid, or both in the gastrointestinal tract. |
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Term
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Definition
| Intestine. The large bowel is called the colon and the small bowel is the small intestine. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| The mucous membrane (mucosa) lining the cheek. |
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Term
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Definition
| Four point, dog-like (canine means dog) teeth. Each canine or cusped tooth is third from the midline of the jaw. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Pertaining to the cecum, which is the first part of the large intestine (colon). |
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Term
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Definition
| First part of the large intestine (colon). |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the abdomen. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| defecation, elimination of waste |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Excision or removal of the gallbladder. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Surgical anastomosis (create a new opening) between the common bile duct and the jejunum. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal condition of stones in the common bile duct. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Incision of the common bile duct. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal condition of forming gallstones. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Chronic, degenerative disease of the liver. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Benign growths protrude from the mucous membrane lining the colon. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Visual endoscopic examination of the colon. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Adenocarcinoma of the colon or the rectum or both. |
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Term
|
Definition
| New opening of the colon through the abdominal wall to the outside of the body. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Tube carrying bile from the gallbladder and liver into the first part of the small intestine. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Difficulty in passing (eliminating) feces (stool). |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammatory bowel disease marked by diarrhea, pain, fever, weakness and weight loss. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Eliminating of wastes and undigested foods through the rectum. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the cheek and teeth. |
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Term
|
Definition
| The chief substance of teeth; surrounding the pulp and covered by enamel of the crown. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Frequent passage of loose, watery stools. |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of breaking down complex foods into simpler substances that can be absorbed into the bloodstream through the walls of the small intestine. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Small, pouch-like herniations through the muscular wall of a tubular organ such as the colon. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of diverticula; abdominal pain and rectal bleeding are symptoms. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal condition of diverticula without inflammation. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the duodenum (first part of the small intestine). |
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Term
|
Definition
| The first part of the small intestine. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Painful inflammation of the intestines, usually the colon. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Difficulty in swallowing. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Discharge from the body of indigestible materials or wastes. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Breakdown of large fat globules into smaller, digestible particles. |
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Term
|
Definition
| White, compact and hard substance covering the substance (dentin) of the crown of the tooth. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Dentist specializing in operating within the tooth (root canal specialist). |
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Term
|
Definition
| intestines, usually small intestine |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the small intestine and large intestines (colon). |
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Term
|
Definition
| New surgical connection between parts of the small intestine and colon; anastomosis. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Protein that speeds up the rate of the biochemical reaction. The suffix -ase means enzyme. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Gas expelled from the stomach through the mouth. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Pertaining to the esophagus. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Swollen, twisted veins at the lower end of the esophagus. |
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Term
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Definition
| Tube that carries food from the pharynx (throat) to the stomach. |
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Term
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Definition
| Study of the cause of disease. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Substances that are produced when fats are digested. They combine with glycerol to form fat. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Gas expelled through the anus. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Small sac lying below the liver, in which bile is stored. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Malignant tumor of the stomach; stomach cancer. |
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Term
| Gastroesophageal reflux disease |
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Definition
| Backflow of solids and liquid against its normal direction of movement. |
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Term
|
Definition
| The tubular system relating to the stomach and intestine beginning with the mouth and ending with the anus. |
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Term
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Definition
| New surgical opening between the stomach and the jejunum; an anastomosis. The procedure is part of a gastric bypass surgery. |
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Term
|
Definition
| New opening of the stomach through the abdominal wall to the outside of the body. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Process of producing new sugar from fats and proteins; occurs mainly in the liver. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Simple sugar necessary as a source of energy for body cells. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Storage form of glucose (sugar); it produces glucose when it is broken down (glycogenolysis) in liver cells. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Breakdown of glycogen to release sugar (glucose). |
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Term
|
Definition
| Passage of bright red blood from the rectum or in the feces. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Swollen, twisted varicose veins in the rectal region. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Tumor (malignant) of liver cells; hepatocellular carcinoma. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Enlargement of the liver. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the mouth caused by infection with the herpes virus. Painful, fluid-filled blisters are produced by the infection and known as cold sores or fever blisters. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Protrusion of the upper portion of the stomach upward through the diaphragm. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Strong acid, present in a dilute form in the stomach; aids digestion. |
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Term
|
Definition
| High levels of bilirubin (yellow/orange pigment) in the bloodstream; jaundice. |
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Term
|
Definition
| High levels of sugar in the bloodstream; diabetes mellitus. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to under the tongue. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Jaundice; yellow-orange coloration of the skin and whites of the eyes caused by high levels of bilirubin in the blood. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to unknown cause of disease. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the ileum (third part of the small intestine). |
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Term
|
Definition
| Ring of muscles that are between the ileum and the cecum (first part of the large intestine). |
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Term
|
Definition
| Surgical construction of an artificial opening from the ileum to the outside of the body through the abdominal wall. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Third (and final) portion of the small intestine. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Failure of peristalsis with obstruction of the intestines. |
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Term
|
Definition
| One of the four front teeth on either jaw. |
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|
Term
| Inflammatory bowel disease |
|
Definition
| Severe inflammation of the small and large intestine (colon); examples are Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis. |
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Term
|
Definition
| A small loop of the bowel protrudes through a weakened lower abdominal muscle. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Hormone secreted by specialized cells in the pancreas. Insulin facilitates transport of sugar from the blood into body cells. |
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Term
|
Definition
| One portion of the intestine slips into an adjoining part; telescoping of the intestines. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Group of gastrointestinal symptoms (abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, and bloating) associated with stress and tension. |
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Term
|
Definition
| A symptom of illness marked by yellow-orange discoloration of the skin and whites of the eyes resulting from excess bilirubin in the blood. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Second part of the small intestine. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Laparoscopy visual (endoscopic) examination of the abdomen and abdominal organs through small abdominal incisions. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Enzyme (-ase) that digests fats; produced by cells in the pancreas and secreted into the duodenum. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Formation of stone (calculi). |
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Term
|
Definition
| Large, reddish-brown organ in the right upper quadrant (RUQ) of the abdomen. It secretes bile, forms blood proteins and metabolizes fats, proteins and sugars. |
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Term
| Lower esophageal sphincter |
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Definition
| Ring of muscles between the esophagus and the stomach. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Black, tarry stools; feces containing blood. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Membrane that holds the intestine together; a fold of the peritoneum attaching the small intestine to the dorsal (back) body wall. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Sixth, seventh and eighth teeth from the middle or either side of the dental arch. The most posterior molar is known as the wisdom tooth. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Unpleasant sensation in the stomach with a tendency to vomit. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| White plaques or patches on the mucous membranes of the mouth. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Dentist specializing in straightening teeth. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Roof of the mouth; hard palate is the front bony portion and the soft palate is the posterior fleshy part near the throat. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Surgical procedure used to treat cases of snoring or sleep apnea caused by obstructions in the palate, throat or nose. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Surgical repair of the palate. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Gland under and behind and the stomach; produces enzymes to digest foods and the hormone insulin to transport sugar to cells. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the pancreas. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Small elevations on the surface of the tongue containing taste buds. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to by some route other than through the gastrointestinal tract, as by intravenous injection. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Salivary gland within the cheek, just anterior to the ear. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Open sore or lesion of the mucous membrane of the stomach and duodenum. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to surrounding the anus. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation and degeneration of gums, teeth, and surrounding bone. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Dentist specializing in treating the gums. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Rhythm-like contractions of the tubes of the gastrointestinal tract and other tubular structures. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the peritoneum. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the pharynx or throat. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Throat; the common passageway for food from the mouth. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Large vein bringing blood to the liver from the intestines. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Either of the two teeth on each side of each jaw, just behind the canine teeth and in front of the molars. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Specialist in the study of the anus and the rectum. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Enzyme that digests protein. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Soft tissue with a tooth containing nerves and blood vessels. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Ring of muscles that surround the opening of the stomach to the duodenum. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Surgical repair of the pyloric sphincter. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Distal region of the stomach near the duodenum. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Hernia of the wall of the rectum. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Final section of the colon. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Folds or creases in the mucous membrane of the stomach or the hard palate of the mouth. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Enzyme-containing digestive juice secreted by salivary glands. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Three pairs of exocrine glands secreting saliva into the mouth; parotid glands, sublingual glands, and submandibular glands. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of a salivary gland. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Salivary gland stone; lodged in a saliva gland or duct. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Distal, lower end of the colon. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Visual endoscopic examination of the sigmoid colon. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Circular ring of muscle that surrounds an opening or orifice. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Discharge of fat in the feces due to improper digestion and malabsorption of fat. |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the mouth. |
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Term
|
Definition
| new opening to the outside of the body |
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Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to under the tongue. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to under the lower jaw (mandible). |
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Term
|
Definition
| Chief form of fat (lipids) in body cells; composed of three molecules of fatty acids and one molecule of glycerol. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the colon and rectum with the presence of ulcers; an inflammatory bowel disease. |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Small, fleshy mass hanging from the soft palate at the back of the mouth. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Removal (excision) of the uvula. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Fingerlike, microscopic projections on the inner surface of the small intestine; sites of absorption of foods and fluids. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the liver caused by a virus. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Twisting of the intestine upon itself. |
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