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| tasteless, colorless, odorless gas produced by body cells during the metabolic process |
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| tough, elastic connective tissue that is more rigid than ligaments but less dense than bone |
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| mechanism of moving particles upward to the pharynx to be removed by coughing, sneezing, or swallowing by the cilia |
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| moving or spreading out of a substance at random, rather than by chemical reaction or application of external forces |
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| state in which the regulatory mechanisms of the body maintain a constant internal environment despite changes in the external environment |
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| moist tissue layer lining hollow organs and cavities of the body that open to the environment; also called mucosa |
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| tasteless, odorless, colorless gas essential for human respiration |
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| wall diving two cavities, such as the nasal septum, which separates the two nostrils |
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| thin layer of tissue that covers internal body cavities, the cells of which secrete a fluid that keeps the membrane moist; also called mucosa |
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| Connecting Body Systems: Blood, lymph, and immune |
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Definition
| Tonsils, adenoids, and other immune structures in the respiratory tract protect against pathogens that enter through respiratory passageways |
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| COnnecting Body Systems: Cardiovascular |
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Definition
| Respiratory system provides oxygen and removes carbon dioxide from cardiac tissue |
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| Connecting Body Systems: Digestive |
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Definition
Respiratory system provides oxygen needed for digestive function.
Respiratory system removes carbon dioxide produced by the organs of digestion
Respiratory and digestive system share a common anatomic structure. |
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| Connecting Body Systems: Endocrine |
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Definition
| Respiratory system helps maintain a stable pH required for proper functioning of the endocrine glands |
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| Connecting Body Systems: Female Reproduction |
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Definition
Respiration rate increases in response to sexual activity.
Fetal respiration occurs during pregnancy. |
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| Connecting Body Systems: Genitourinary |
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Definition
Respiratory system supplise oxygen and removes carbon dioxide to maintain proper functioning of urinary structures
Respiratory system helps maintain pH for gonadal hormone function
Respiratory system assists the urinary structures in regulating pH by removing carbon dioxide. |
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| Connecting Body Systems:Integumentary |
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Definition
| Respiratory system furnishes oxygen and disposes of carbon dioxide to maintain healthy skin |
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| Connecting Body Systems: Musculoskeletal |
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Definition
Respiratory system provides oxygen for muscle contraction
Respiratory system eliminates carbon dioxide produced by muscles
Respiratory system procides oxygen for bone development |
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| Connecting Body Systems:Nervous |
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Definition
Respiratory system provides oxygen for brain, spinal cord, and sensory organ functions,
Respiratory system helps maintain a stable pH for neural function |
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| excessive acidity of body fluids |
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| inflammation of the pleural membrane characterized by a stabbing pain that is intensified by coughing or deep breathing; also called pleuritis |
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| temporary loss of breathing |
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| sleeping disorder in which breathing stops repeatedly for more than 10 seconds ,causing measurable blood deoxygenation |
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| Continuous positive airway pressure machine is used to treat sleep apnea. |
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Definition
| Condition cause by insufficient intake of oxygen |
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| collapsed or airless state of the lung, which may be acute or chronic and affect all or part of a lung |
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| cheyne- Stokes respiration |
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Definition
| Repeated breathing pattern characterized by fluctuation in the depth of respiration, first deeply, then shallow, then not at all |
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Definition
| ease with which lung tissue can be stretched |
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| head cold, upper respiratory infection |
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| abnormal respiratory sound heard on auscultation, caused by exudates, spasms, hyperplasia, or when air enters moisture-filled alveoli; also called rale |
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| common childhood condition involving inflammation of the larynx, trachea, bronchial passages, and sometimes, lungs |
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| displacement of cartilage dividing the nostrils |
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| severe, life-threatening infection of the epiglottis and supraglottic structures that occurs most commonly in children between 2 and 12 years of age |
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| nosebleed; nasal hemmorhage |
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| enlargement of the terminal phalanges of the fingers and toes, commonly associated with pulmonary disease |
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| acute infectious disease characterized by a cough that has a "whoop" sound; also called whooping cough |
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| disease caused by inhaling dust particles, including coal dust (anthracosis), stone dust (chalicosis), iron dust (siderosis), and asbestos particles (asbestosis) |
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| accumulation of extravasular fluid in lung tissues and alveoli, caused most commonly by heart failure |
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Definition
| abnormal breath sound heard on auscultation |
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Definition
| high-pitched, harsh, adventitious breath sound caused by a spasm or swelling of the larynx or an obstruction in the upper airway |
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Term
| sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) |
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Definition
| completely unexpected and unexplained death of an apparently normal, healthy infant, usually less than 12 months of age; also called crib death |
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| whistling or sighing sound heard on auscultation that results from narrowing of the lumen of the respiratory passageway |
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Definition
| intradermal test to determine tuberculin sensitivity based on a positive reaction where the area around the test site becomes red and swollen |
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Definition
| noninvasive method of monitoring the percentage of hemoglobin (Hb) saturated with oxygen; also called pulse oximetry |
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| test of sleep cycles and stages using continuous recordings of brain waves (EEGs), electrical activity of muscles, eye movement (electro-oculogram), respiratory rate, blood pressure, blood oxygen saturation, heart rhythm and, sometimes, direct observation of the person during sleep using a video camera |
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| multiple tests used to evaluate the ability of the lungs to take in and expel air as well as perform gas exchange across the alveolocapillary membrane |
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| measurement of ventilatory ability by assessing lung capacity and glow, including the time necessary for exhaling the total volume of inhaled air |
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| viscual examination of the bronchi using an endoscope (flexible fiberoptic or rigid) inserted through the nose or mouth and trachea for direct viewing of structures or for projection on a monitor |
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| visual examination of the larynx to detect tumors, foreign bodies, nerve or structural injury, or other abnormalities |
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| visual examination of the mediastinal structures including the heart, trachea, esophagus, bronchus, thymus, and lymph nodes |
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| test that measures partial pressure of oxygen, carbon dioxide, pH, and bicarbonate level of an arterial blood sample |
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| microbial test used to identify disease-causing prganisms of the lower respiratory tract, especially those that cause pneumonia |
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| measurement of the amount of salt (sodium chloride) in sweat |
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| test used to identify pathogens, especially group A streptococci |
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| process of producing images using an x-ray passed through the body or area and captured on a film |
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| images of the chest taken from anteroposterior projection, posteroanterior projection, lateral projection, or a combination of these projections |
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| imaging procedure that gather information about a specific organ or structure of the body. In some cases, small amounts of injected radionuclide (tracer) are used to enhance images |
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| nuclear scanning test primarily used to detect pulmonary emboli |
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| lung treatment using various techniques to deliver medication in mist form directly to the lings or air passageways. techniques include nebulizers, metered-dose inhalers (MDIs), and dry powder inhalers (DPIs) |
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Definition
| irrigating or washing out of an organ, stomach, bladder, bowel, or body cavity with a stream of water or other fluid |
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| irrigation of the antrum (maxillary sinus) in chronic or nonresponsive sinusitis |
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Definition
| excision of part of the pleura, usually parietal |
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| surgical repair of a deviated nasal septum usually performed when the septum is encroaching on the breathing passages or nasal structures |
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| surgical puncture and drainage of the pleural cavity; also called pleurocentesis or thoracocentesis |
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| Block histamines from binding with histamine receptor sites in tissues. (fexofenadine- Allegra; loratadine- Claritin) |
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| relieve or suppress coughing by blocking the cough reflex in the medulla of the brain; should not be used with productive coughs (hydrocodone- Hycodan; dextromethorphan-Vicks Formula 44) |
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Definition
| stimulate bronchial muscles to relax, thereby expanding air passages, resulting in increased air flow (albuterol- Proventil, Ventolin; salmeterol- Serevent) |
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Definition
| act on the immune system by blocking production of substances that trigger allergic and inflammatory actions (beclomethasone dipropionate- Vanceril, Beclovent; triamcinolone- Azmacort) |
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Definition
| constrict blood vessels of nasal passages and limit blood flow, which causes swollen tissues to shrink so that air can pass more freely through the passageways (oxymetazoline- Dristan; psudoephedrine- Drixoral, Sudafed) |
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Definition
| Liquify respiratory secretions so that they are more easily dislodged during coughing episodes (guaifenesin- Robitussin, Organidin) |
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