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| process of producing a picture or record |
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Afferent - sensory neurons
Connecting - associative neurons
Efferent - motor neurons |
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toward/sensory
- emerge from sensory organs and the skin to carry impulses to the brain and spinal cord |
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associative
- link different afferent and efferent neurons |
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away from/motor neurons
- carry impulses away from the brain and spinal cord and toward the muscles and glands |
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infectious polyneuritis
-inflammation of the myelin sheath of peripheral nerves, characterized by rapidly worsening muscle weakness that can lead to temporary paralysis |
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| genetic disorder that is classified as aneurodegenerative disease |
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| chronic, degenerative central nervous disorder characterized by fine muscle tremors, rigidity, and a slow or shuffling gait |
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potentially serious or deadly disorder in children characterized by vomiting and confusion
-sometimes follows a viral illness in which the child was treated with aspirin |
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petit mal seizure
-brief disturbance in brain function in which there is a loss of awareness often described as a staring episode |
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released at some synapses in the spinal cord and at neuromuscular junctions
- influences muscle action |
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| excessive fear of heights |
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| excessive fear of environments where the person fears a panic attack might occur |
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| chronic alcohol dependence with specific signs and symptoms upon withdrawal |
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| altered levels of consciousness |
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| ALOC-decrease in consciousness due to injury, disease or substances such as medication, drugs or alcohol |
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group of disorders involving the parts of the brain that control thought, memory and language
-leading cause of dementia and is marked by progressive deterioration that affects both the memory and reasoning capabililties of an individual |
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memory disturbance characterized by a total or partial inability to recall past experiences
-can be caused by a brain injury, illness or a psychological disturbance |
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| barbiturate used as a sedative and hypnotic |
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| amyotophic lateral sclerosis |
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Lou Gehrig's disease
-rapidly progressive neurological disease that attacks the nerve cells responsible for controlling voluntary muscles
-patients become progressively weaker until they are completely paralyzed and die |
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| absense of normal sensation, especially sensitivity to pain, that is induced by the administration of an anesthetic agent |
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| physician who specializes in administering anesthetic agents before and during surgery |
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| medication used to induce anesthesia |
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| medical professional who specializes in administering anesthesia, but is not a physician (ex: nurse anesthetist) |
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localized, weak, balloon-like enlargement of an artery wall
-less common than ischemic strokes and is often fatal |
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| administered to prevent seizures such as those associated with epilepsy |
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| administered to prevent or relieve depression |
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| neuroleptic-administered to treat symptoms of severe disorders of thinking and mood that are associated with neurological and psychiatric illnesses such as schizophrenia, mania and delusional disorders |
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| antisocial personality disorder |
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| pattern for disregard for and violation of the rights of others |
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| mental conditions characterized by excessive, irrational dread of everyday situation or fear that is out of proportion to the real danger in a situation |
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antianxiety drug-tranquilizer
-administered to temporarily relieve anxiety and to reduce tension |
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| indifference and a reduced level of activity |
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often caused by brain damage associated with a stroke
-loss of ability to speak, write and orcomprehend the written or spoken word |
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| having to do with spiders |
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resembles a spiderweb, second layer of the meninges
- located between dura mater and the pia mater
- loosely attached to the other meninges to allow space for fluid to flow between the layers |
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| arteriovenous malformation |
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| AVM-one of the causes of hemorrhagic strokes-abnormal connection between the arteries and veins in the brain and is usually congenital and can rupture suddenly at any age |
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| carry nerve impulses toward the brain |
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subgroup of autism disorder spectrum
-usually normal-above average intelligence but impaired in social interaction and nonverbal communication |
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| attention deficit disorder |
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| ADD is sometimes used if hyperactivity is not present |
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| attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder |
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| ADHD-characterized by a short attention span and impulsive behavior that is inappropriate for the child's developmental age |
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subgroup of autistic spectrum disorders
-significant developemental delays, including speech and language |
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| autistic spectrum disorders |
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| describes a group of conditions in which a young child has difficulty developing normal social relationships and communication skills- |
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| carry instructions to the organs and glands from the autonomic nervous system |
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organized into two divisions
-sympathetic nerves and parasympathetic nerves |
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process that conducts impulses away from the nerve cell
- can be more than 3 feet long
- many, but not all, protected by a myelin sheath (white fatty tissue covering) |
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| class of drugs whose major action is a calming or depressed effect on the central nervous system |
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| focuses on changing behavior by identifying problem behaviors, replacing them with appropriate behaviors and using rewards or other consequences to mak the changes |
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temporary paralysis of the seventh cranial nerve that causes paralysis only of the affected side of the face
-symptoms include the inability to close the eye, pain, tearing, drooling, hypersensitivity to sound in the affected ear and impairment of taste |
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| does not invade the brain tissue; however, because this growth is surrounded by rigid bone, as the tumor enlarges, it can damage the brain tissue by placing pressure against the tissues and by increasing the intracranial pressure |
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| condition characterized by cycles of severe mood changes shifting from highs (manic) and severe lows (depression) that affect a person's attitude, energy and ability to function |
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| borderline personality disorder |
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| characterized by impulsive actions, often with the potential for self-harm as well as mood instability and chaotic relationships |
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| abnormal growth located inside the skull |
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| billions of neurons carrying nerve impulses throughout the body via an electrochemical process creating patterns of neuron electrical activity in the brain |
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stalk-like portion of the brain that connects the cerebral hemispheres with the spinal cord
-made up of three parts - midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata |
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| ultrasound study of the carotid artery |
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| marked by alack of responsiveness, stupor, and a tendency to remain in a fixed posture |
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| persistent, severe burning pain that usually follows an injury to a sensory nerve |
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CNS - brain and spinal cord
receives and processes information and regulates all bodily activity |
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| headache-pain in the head |
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second-largest part of the brain
-located at the back of the head below the posterior portion of the cerebrum |
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| pertaining to the cerebrum |
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| the bruising of the brain tissue as the result of a head injury that causes the brain to bounce against the rigid bone of the skull |
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| made up of gray matter, outer layer of the cerebrum and is made up of elevated folds and deep fissures |
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| cerebrum divided into two hemispheres - connected at the lower midpoint by the corpus callosum |
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| cerebral hemisphere is subdivided into pairs of cerebral lobes |
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| condition characterized by poor muscle control, spasticity, speech defects and other neurologic deficiencies due to damage that affects the cerebrum |
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spinal fluid - produced by special capillaries within the four ventricles located in the middle region of the cerebrum
- clear, colorless and water fluid that flows throughout the brain and around the spinal cord
FUNCTIONS:
- cool and cushion these organs from shock or injury
- nourish the brain and spinal cord by transporting nutrients and chemical messengers to these tissues |
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largest and uppermost portion of the brain
-responsible for all thought, judgement, memory and emotions
-controls and integrates motory and sensory functions |
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| nerve pain caused by pressure on the spinal nerve roots in the neck region |
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| abnormal fear of being in small or enclosed spaces |
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intensely painful headaches that affect one side of the head and may be associated with tearing of the eyes and nasal congestion
-affects primarily men |
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| describes mental activities associated with thinking, learning, and memory |
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| focuses on changing cognitions or thoughts that are affecting a person's emotions and actions-identified and challenged through logic |
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| profound state of unconsciousness marked by the absence of spontaneous eye movements, no response to painful stimuli and lack of speech |
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| repeatedly feeling compelled to do things, like wash or pray |
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| shaken together, violently agitated |
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| violent shaking up or jarring of the brain |
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| state of being awake, alert, aware and responding appropriately |
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| counterblow-injury that occurs beneath the skull opposite the area of impact |
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| characterized by serious temporary or ongoing changes in function, such as paralysis or blindness that are triggered by psychological factors rather than by any physical cause |
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| describes an injury occurring within the skull near the point of impact |
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collection of blood trapped in the tissues of the brain
-named for their location |
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12 pair orignate from the undersurface of the brain
-two nerves of a pair are identical in function an structure and each nerve of a pair serves half of the body |
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| DBS - neurosurgical procedure used in the treatment of dystonia, tremors and Parkinson's disease- device to stimulate the brain with mild electrical signals is implanted in the brain and is connected to a stimulator implanted near the collar bone |
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| individual suffering from delirium |
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Definition
| acute condition of confusion, disorientation, disordered thinking and memory, agitation and hallucinations |
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| disorder involving sudden and severe mental changes or seizures caused by abruptly stopping the use of alcohol |
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| false personal belief that is maintained despite obvious proof or evidence to the contrary |
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| slowly progressive decline in mental abilities, including memory, thinking, judgement, that is often accompanied by personality changes |
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| loss of patches of the protective myelin sheath |
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| root-like processes that receive impulses and conduct them to the cell body |
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| common mood disorder characterized by lethargy and sadness as well as loss of interest or pleasure in normal activities |
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| carry nerve impulses away from the brain |
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| occur when normal thought is separated from consciousness |
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| dissociative identiy disorder |
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Definition
formerly known as multiple personality disorder
-characterized by the presence of two or more distinct personalities |
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released within the brain
- involved in mood and thought disorders and in abnormal movement disorders such as Parkinsin's |
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| excessive use of illegal or recreational drugs or the misuse of prescription drugs |
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| accidental or intentional use of illegal drugs or prescription medicines in an amount higher than what is safe or normal |
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| thick, tough, outermost membrane of the meninges |
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| developmental reading disorder-learning disability characterized by substandard reading achievement due to the inability of the brain to process symbols |
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dysthymic disorder
-low-grade chronic depression with symptoms that are milder than those of severe depression but are present on a majority of days for 2 or more years |
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Definition
| impairment of voluntary muscle movements |
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| use of ultrasound imaging to create a detailed visual image of the brain for diagnostic purposes |
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Definition
| the ability to understand another person's mental and emotional state without becoming involved |
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| electroconvulsive therapy ECT |
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Definition
electroshock therapy
-procedure in which small amounts of electric current are passed through the brain, deliverately triggering a brief seizure in order to reverse symptoms of certain mental illness |
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Definition
| process of recording the electrical activity of the brain through the use of electrodes attached to the scalp |
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Definition
| ischemic stroke that occurs when a blood clot or other debris forms in a blood vessel somewhere other than the brain and travels through the bloodstream to lodge in the narrower brain arteries |
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| inflammation of the brain - can be caused by a viral infection such as rabies |
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Definition
craniocele
- congenital herniation of brain tissue through a gap in the skull |
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Definition
| naturally occuring substances that are produced by the brain to help relieve pain |
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Definition
| regional anesthesia produced by injecting medication into the epidural space of the lumbar or sacral region of the spine |
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Definition
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Definition
inner surface of the vertebral column
- located between the walls of the vertebral column and the dura mater of the meninges
- contains fat and supportive connective tissues to cusion the dura mater |
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Definition
seizure disorder
-chronic neurological condition characterized by recurrent episodes of seizures of varying severity |
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Definition
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Definition
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| feeling, nervous sensation, sense of perception |
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Definition
| episodes of worsening symptoms that are also referred to as flares |
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Definition
| artificial, self-induced, or not naturally occurring |
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Definition
| individual acts as if he or she has a physical or mental illness when he or she is not really sick |
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| factitious disorder by proxy |
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Definition
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Definition
| normally occuring deep groove |
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Definition
| controls skilled motor functions, memory, behavior |
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Definition
| detects changes in blood flow in the brain when the patient is asked to perform a specific task |
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Definition
| type of radiation treatment for brain tumors performed without a knife or an incision |
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Definition
nuclear medicine
-characterized by high energy and a short wavelength |
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Definition
nerve center made up of a cluster of nerve cell bodies outside the central nervous system
also describes a benign, tumor-like cyst |
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Definition
| total loss of body sensation and consciousness induced by anesthetic agents administered primarily by inhalation or intravenous injection |
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Term
| generalized anxiety disorder GAD |
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Definition
characterized by chronic, excessive worrying
-symptoms include muscle tension, sleep disturbance, irritability, trouble concentrating and restlessness |
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Definition
provide support and protection for neurons - four main functions
- surround neurons and hold them in place
- supply nutrients and oxygen to neurons
- insulate one neuron from another
- destroy and remove dead neurons |
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Definition
| portion of nerve fibers NOT surrounded by myelin |
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Definition
| (sing gyrus) elevated folds of grey matter in cerebral cortex |
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Definition
| sensory perception experienced in the absence of external stimulation |
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Definition
| bleed-occurs when a blood vessel in the brain leaksorwhen an aneurysm within the brain ruptures |
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Definition
| protrusion of a structure from its normal position |
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Definition
| process of maintaining theconstantinternal environment of the body |
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Definition
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Definition
| condition in which excess cerebrospinal fluid accumulates in the ventricles of the brain |
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Definition
| use of hypnosis to produce an altered state of focused attention in which the patient may be more willing tobelieve and act on suggestions |
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Definition
| restlesness or a continuing excess of movement |
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Definition
| condition of abnormal and excessive sensitivity to touch, pain, or other sensory stimuli |
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Definition
| depresses the CNS and usually produces sleep |
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Definition
| characterized by fearing that one has a serious ilness despite appropriate medical evaluation and reassurance |
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Definition
located below the thalamus. 7 functions;
- regulates and integrates the autonomic nervous system, including controlling heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate and digestive tract activity
- regulates emotional responses, including fear and pleasure
-regulates body temperature
-regulates food intake by controlling hunger sensations
-regulates water balance by controlling thirst sensations
-regulates sleep-wakefulness cycles
-regulates the pituitary gland and endocrine system activity |
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Definition
| wave of excitation transmitted through nerve fibers and neurons |
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Term
| impulse control disorders |
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Definition
| group of psychiatric disorders characterized by a failure to resist an impulse despite potential negative consequences |
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Definition
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Definition
| supply of nerves to a specific body part |
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Definition
prolonged or abnormal inability to sleep
-usually a symptom of another problem such as depression, pain, excessive caffeine |
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Definition
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Definition
| amount of pressure inside the skull |
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Definition
| pertaining to the disruption of blood supply |
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Definition
most common type of stroke in older people
-occurs when blood flow to the brain is blocked by the narrowing or blockage of a carotid artery |
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Definition
| disorder characterized by repeatedly stealing objects neither for personal usenor for their monetery value |
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Definition
| disorders found in children of normal intelligence who have difficulties in learning specific skills such as processing language or grasping math concepts |
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Definition
| controls the majority of functions on the right side of the body |
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Definition
| person who is at this level of consciousness |
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Definition
| lowered level of consciousness marked by listlessness, drowsiness and apathy |
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Term
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Definition
| LOC-measurement of response to arousal and stimulus |
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Term
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Definition
| exposure to daylight or to specific wavelengths of light in order to counteract seasonal affective disorder |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical removal of a portion of the brain to treat brain cancer or seizure disorders that cannot be controlled with meds |
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Definition
| causes loss of sensation in a limited area by injecting an anesthetic solution near that area |
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Definition
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Definition
| made up of first four lumbar nerves and serves the lower back |
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Definition
spinal tap
-process of obtaining a sample of cerebrospinal fluid by inserting a needle into the subarachnoid space of lumbar region to withdraw fluid |
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Term
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Definition
| nerve pain in the lower back caused by muscle spasms or by nerve root irritation fromthe compression of vertebral disks such as a herniated disk |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| characterized by the intentional creation of false or grossly exaggerated physical or psychological symptoms |
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Definition
| includes an abnormally elevated mood state, including inappropriate elation, increased irritibility, severe insomnia, poor judgement and inappropriate social behavior |
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Definition
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Definition
located at the lowest part of the brainstem
-connected to the spinal cord
-controls basic survival functions including the muscles that make possible respiration, heart rate, blood pressure as well as reflexes for coughing, sneezing, swallowing and vomiting |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| system of membranes with three layers of connective tissue that encloses the brain and spinal cord (sing. meninx) |
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Term
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Definition
| common, slow-growing and usually benign tumorof the meninges |
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Term
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Definition
infections meningitis-inflammation of the meninges of the brain and spinal cord
-can be caused by a bacterial or viral infection elsewhere in the body-characterized by intense headache and flu-like symptoms |
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Term
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Definition
| congenital herniation of the meninges through a defect in the skull or spinal column |
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Term
| mental retardation/intellectual disability |
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Definition
| diagnosis of significant below-average intellectual and adaptive functioning present from birth or early infancy |
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Term
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Definition
provide conduction pathways to and from the higher and lower centers in the brain
-control reflexes for movements of the eyes and head in response to visual and autiroy stimuli |
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Term
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Definition
| may be preceded by a warning aura, characterized by throbbing pain on one side of the head |
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Term
| mild cognitive impairment |
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Definition
| memory disorder, usually associated with recently acquired information, may be an eary predictor of Alzheirmer's disease |
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Term
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Definition
damage to a singular peripheral nerve
- carpal tunnel syndrome |
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Term
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Definition
| lithium-used to treat mood instability and bipolar disorder |
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Term
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Definition
progressive autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation that causes demyelination of the myelin sheath. Scars the brain, spinal cord and optic nerves and disrupts the transmission of nerve impulses
-leaves patient with varying degrees of pain plus physical and cognitive problems |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
protective covering made up of glial cells
- forms the white matter of the brain and covers some parts of the spinal cord and the axon of most peripheral nerves |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the spinal cord |
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Term
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Definition
| radiographic study of the spinal cord after the injection of a contrast medium through a lumbar puncture |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| narcissistic personality disorder |
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Definition
| pattern of extreme preoccupation with the self and complete lack of empathy for others |
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Term
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Definition
| sleep disorder consisting of sudden and uncontrollable brief episodes of falling asleep during the day |
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Term
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Definition
| one or more bundles of neurons that connect the brain and the spinal cord with other parts of the body |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| surgical division or dissection of a nerve |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of a nerve accompanied by pain and sometimes loss of function |
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Term
| neurodegenerative disease |
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Definition
| umbrella term for disorders in which there is a progressive loss of structure or functions of the neurons |
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Term
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Definition
| physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the nervous system |
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basic cells of the nervouse system that allow different parts of the body to communicate with each other
- three types of neurons - described by their function
- ACE - SAM |
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| any disease or damage to a nerve |
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| surgical repair of a nerve or nerves |
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| surgically suturing together the ends of a severed nerve |
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| physician who specializes in surgery of the nervous system |
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chemical substances that make it possible for messages to cross from the synapse of a neuron to the target receptor
- 200-300 known neurotransmitter with a specialized function |
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affects alertness and arousal, increasing blood pressure and heart rate, and releasing stores of glucose in response to stress
- hormone released by adrenal gland as part of body's fight-or-flight response |
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| repetitive, intrusive, distressing thoughts or impulses |
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| obsessive-compulsive disorder OCD |
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| characterized by recurrent obsessions and or compulsions |
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| paralysis of a body part that is often accompanied by loss of feeling and uncontrolled body movements such as shaking |
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| unexpected, sudden experience of fear in the absence of danger, accompanied by physical symptoms such as heart palpitations, shortness of breath, chest tightness, dizziness, sweating, nausea, feelings of unreality, choking or a combination |
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| characterized by a fear of panic attacks |
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return the body to normal after a response to stress
-also maintains normal body functions during ordinary circumstances that are not emotionally or physically stressful |
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| burning or prickling sensation usually felt in hands, arms, legs or feet but can also occur in other parts of the body |
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| receives and interprets nerve impulses from sensory receptors in the tongue, skin and muscles |
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31 pairs grouped together and named based on the region of the body they innervate
-nerves are referred to by number |
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| peripheral nervous system |
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PNS -
- 12 pairs of cranial nerves extending from the brain
- 31 pairs of peripheral spinal nerves extending outward from the spinal cord
- transmits nerve signals to and from the central nervous system |
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| peripheral nervous system |
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| pertaining to body parts that are away from the center of the body |
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| disorder of the peripheral nerves that carry information to and from the brain and spinal cord |
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| persistent vegetative state |
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| type of coma in which the patient exhibits alternating sleep and wake cycles; however, due to severe damage to certain areas of the brain, the person is uncioncious even when appearing to be awake |
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| chronic pattern of inner expreience and behavior that causes serious problems with relationships and work |
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| barbiturate used as a sedative as an anticonvulsant |
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| persistent irrational fear of a specific thing or situation, strong enought to cause significant distress, to interfere with functioning and to lead to the avoidance of the thing or situation that causes this reaction |
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third layer of the meninges
- located nearest to the brain and spinal cord
- consists of delicate connective tissue that contains a rich supply of blood vessels |
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network of intersecting spinal nerves
also describes a network of intersecting blood or lymphatic vessels |
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polio
-highly contagious viral infection of the brainstem and spinal cord that sometimes leads to paralysis |
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multiple peripheral nerves are damaged
-diabetes is common cause |
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| recurrence later in life of some polio symptoms in individuals who have had childhood poliomyelitis and have recovered from it |
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| post-traumatic stress disorder |
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| PTSD - may develop after an event involving actual or threatened death or injury to the individual or someone else, during which the person felt intense fear, helplessness or horror |
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| structure that extends out from the cell body |
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| physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating chemical dependencies, emotional problems and mental illness |
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| based on the idea that mental disorders have underlying causes stemming from childhood and can only be overcome by gaining insight into one's feelings and patterns of behavior |
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evaluates and treats emotional problems and mental illness
-doctoral degree but is not a medical doctor |
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| chracterized by the loss of contact with reality and deterioration of normal social functioning |
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| acts primarily on the CNS where it produces temporary changes affecting the mind, emotions, and behavior |
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| disorder characterized by repeated deliberate fire setting |
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pinched nerves
-inflammation of the root of a spinal nerve that causes pain and numbness radiating down the affected limb |
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sites in the sensory organs (eyes, ears, skin, nose, and taste buds)
sends the stimulus through the sensory neurons to the brain for interpretation |
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| one normally used for personal pleasure or satisfaction rather than medical purposes |
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automatic, involuntary response to some change, either inside or outside the body
- changes in the heart rate, breathing, blood pressure
- coughing and sneezing
- responses to painful stimuli |
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| temporary interruption of nerve conduction produced by injecting an anesthetic solution near the nerves to be blocked |
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| time during which the symptoms ease, but the disease has not been cured |
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| neurological disorder characterized by uncomfortable feelings in the legs producing a strong urge to move them |
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| right cerebral hemisphere |
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| controls the functions on the left side of the body |
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| psychotic disorder usually characterized by withdrawal from reality, illogical patterns of thinking, delusions and hallucinations and accompanied in varying degrees by other emotional, behavior or intellectual disturbances |
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| inflammation of the sciatic nerve that results in pain, burning and tingling along the course of the affected sciatic nerve through the thigh, leg and foot |
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| seasonal affective disorder |
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| seasonal bout of depression associated with decrease in hours of daylight during winter months |
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| depresses the CNS to produce calm and diminished responsiveness without producing sleep |
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| sudden surge of electrical activity in the brain that affects how a person feels or acts for a short time |
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| receive external stimuli, suchas how something feels,and transmits thisinformation to the brain where itis interpreted |
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| released in the brain, has roles in sleep, hunger, and pleasure recognition. Also sometimes linked to mood disorders |
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describes the results of a child being violently shaken by someone
-causes brain injury, blindness, fractures, seizures, paralysis and death |
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| sufficient lack of restorative sleep over a cumulative period so as to cause physical or psychiatric symptomsand affect routine performance or tasks |
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| social anxiety disorder-excessive fear of social situations where the person fears negative evaluation by others and embarrassing himself in front of others |
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motor nerve fibers
-conveys information that controls the body's voluntary muscular movements |
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| characterized by physical complaints or concerns about one's body that are out of proportion to any physical findings or disease |
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sleepwalking
- noctambulism
- condition of walking or performing some other activity without awakening |
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| condition in which certain muscles are continuously contracted |
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| regional anesthesia produced by injecting medication into the subarachnoid space |
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| long, fragile tube-like structure that begins at the end of the brainstem and continues down almost to the bottom of the spinal column |
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| increases activity in certain areas of the brain to increase concentration and wakefulness |
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| anything that activates a nerve and causes an impulse |
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cerebrovascular accident-damage to the brain that occurs when the blood flow to the brain is disrupted because a blood vessel is either blocked or has ruptured
-third leading cause of death and primary cause of long-term disability |
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| unresponsive state from which a person can be aroused only briefly despite vigorous, repeated attempts |
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located below the arachnoid membrane and above the pia mater
- contains cerebrospinal fluid |
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| located between the dura mater and the arachnoid membrane |
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| addictive use of tobacco, alcohol, medications, or illegal drugs |
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| fissures of the cerebral cortex |
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prepare the body for emergencies and stress by increasing the breathing rate, heart rate and blood flow to muscles
-fight or flight response |
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space between two neurons or between a neuron and a receptor organ
- single neuron can have a few or several hundred synapses |
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| faining-brief loss of consciousness caused by the decreased flow of blood to the brain |
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| controls the senses of hearing and smell and the ability to create, store and access new information |
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| branching fibers at the end of the axon that lead the nervous impulse from the axon to the synapse |
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lockjaw-an acute and potentially fatal infection of the central nervous system caused by a toxin produced by the tetanus bacteria
-can be prevented by immunization
-typically aquired through a deep puncture wound |
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| surgical incision into the thalamus |
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located below the cerebrum
-produces sensations by relaying impulses to and from the cerebrum and the sense organs of the body |
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| ischemic stroke that occurs when a blood clot forms in a carotid artery and blocks it |
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grand mal seizure
-involves the entire body
-tonic phase - body becomes rigid
-clonic phase -uncontrolled jerking |
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| numbs only the tissue surface and is applied as a liquid, ointment or spray |
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| complex neurological disorder characterized by involuntary tics, grunts, and compulsive utterances that sometimes incude obscenities |
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| bundle or group of nerve fibers located within the brain or spinal cord |
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| transient ischemic attack |
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TIA-sometimes referred to as a mini-stroke-temporary interruption in blood supply to the brain
-often a warning sign that the individual is at risk for a more serious and debilitating stroke |
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| blow to the head or a penetrating head injury that damages the brain |
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| disorder characterized by repeated pulling out of one's own hair |
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characterized by severe lightning-like pain due to an inflammation of the fifth cranial nerve
-sudden, intense, brief attacks of sharp pain affect the cheek, lips and gums only on one side of the face innervated by the affected nerve |
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| state of being unaware and unable to respond to any stimuli, including pain |
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form of dementia caused by a stroke or other restriction of the flow of blood to the brain
-accounts for 10-20% of all cases of dementia |
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| visual disturbance perceived by the patient preceding a migraine headache or epileptic seizure |
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| portion of nerve fibers surrounded by myelin |
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| psychological or physical syndrome caused by the abrupt cessation of the use of alcohol or a drug in an addicted individual |
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