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| surgical puncture to remove fluid |
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| stretching or enlargement |
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| stretching or enlargement |
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| abnormal condition or disease |
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| surgically creating an opening |
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| direct visiual examination |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| bilevel positive airway pressure; like CPAP but can be set at a higher pressure for inhaling and a lower pressure for exhaling |
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Definition
| chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - group of lung diseases in which the bronchial airflow is obstructed |
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Definition
| continuous positive airway pressure; noninvasive ventilation device used in the treatment of sleep apnea |
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Definition
| acute respiratory infection in children and infants characterized by obstruction of the larynx, hoarseness and swelling arround the vocal cords resulting in a barking cough |
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Definition
| harsh, high-pitched sound caused by a blockage present when breathing in |
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Definition
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Definition
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| abdominal thrust meaneuver |
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Definition
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Term
| acute respiratory distress syndrome |
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Definition
| ARDS; lung condition caused by trauma, pneumonia, smoke or fumes, inhaled vomit or sepsis. |
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Definition
| nasopharyngeal tonsils, part of the lymphatic system, located behind the nose and the roof of the mouth |
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Term
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Definition
| upper respiratory tract, bronchial tree and lower respiratory tract |
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Term
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Definition
| swelling and clogging of the bronchial tubes with mucus. Usually occurs after the airway has been exposed to inhaled allergens. |
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Term
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Definition
| choking; when food or a foreign object partially or completely blocks the airway and prevents air from entering or leaving the lungs. |
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Definition
| (allergy) allergic reaction to airborne allergens that causes an increased flow of mucus |
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Definition
| altitude sickness, condition that can be brought on by decreased oxygen in the air at higher altitudes, usually above 8000 feet |
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Definition
alveoli
air sacs that exchange gases with the pulmonary capillary blood |
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Definition
air sacs, very small grapelike clusters found at the end of each bronchiole
singular: alveolus |
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Term
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Definition
| bag valve mask; emergency resuscitator used to assist ventilation |
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Definition
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Definition
| absence of oxygen from the body's tissue and organs even though there is an adequate flow of blood |
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Definition
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|
Definition
| coal miner's pneumoconiosis; black lung disease; caused by coal dust in the lung |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| commonly known as cough medicine; administered to prevent or relieve coughing |
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Term
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Definition
| loss of the ability of the larynx to produce normal speech sounds |
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Term
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Definition
| temporary absenceof spontaneous respiration |
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Definition
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Definition
| caused by asbestos particles in the lungs and usually occurs after working with asbestos |
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Definition
| loss of consciousness that occurs when the body cannot get the oxygen it needs to function |
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Term
|
Definition
| state of asphyxia or suffocation |
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Term
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Definition
| inhaled or drawing a foreign substance into the upper respiratory tract |
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Term
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Definition
| can occur when a foreign substance, such as vomit, is inhaled into the lungs |
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Term
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Definition
| COPD of the bronchial tubes, often triggered by an allergic reaction. Characterized by episodes of severe breathing difficulty, coughing and wheezing. |
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Term
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Definition
| a person who suffers from asthma |
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Term
|
Definition
| episode of severe breathing difficulty, coughing and wheezing. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| collapsed lung; incomplete expansion of part of all of a lung due to a blockage of the air passages or pneumothorax |
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Definition
| most commonly cused by streptococcus pheumoniae |
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Definition
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Definition
| abnormally slow rate of respiration |
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Term
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Definition
| single respiration consists of one inhalation and one exhalation |
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Definition
| describes abnormal changes |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
two large tubes, primary bronchi, that branch out from the trachea and convey air into the two lungs
singular : bronchus |
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Term
|
Definition
| permanent dilation of the bronchi, caused by chronic infection and imflammation |
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Term
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Definition
| smallest branches of the bronchi |
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Term
|
Definition
| medication that relaxes and expands the bronchial passages into the lungs |
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Term
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Definition
| localized form of pneumonia that often affects the bronchioles |
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Term
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Definition
| excessive discharge of mucus from the bronchi |
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Term
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Definition
| flexible, fiber-optic device that is passed through the nose or mouth and down the airways. |
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Term
|
Definition
| visual examination of the bronchi using a bronchoscope |
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Term
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Definition
| contraction of the smooth muscle in the walls of the bronchi and bronchioles, tightening and squeezing the airway shut |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| therapeutic technique to remove excess mucus from the lungs. |
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Term
|
Definition
| chest imaging; valuable tool for diagnosing pneumonia, lung cancer, pneumothorax, pleural effusion, tuberculosis, and emphysema |
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Term
| cheyne-stokes respiration |
|
Definition
| irregular pattern of breathing characterized by alternating rapid or shallow respiration followed by slower respiration or apnea. Sometimes occurs in comatose patients or those nearing death |
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Term
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Definition
| disease in which the airways have become inflamed due to recurrent exposure to an inhaled irritant usually cigarette smoke |
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Term
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Definition
| thin hairs located just inside the nostrils, filter incoming air to remove debris |
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Term
| community-acquired pneumonia |
|
Definition
| type of pneumonia that results from contagious infection outside the hospital or clinic |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| inhaled corticosteroids; long-acting medications taken daily to prevent attacks. Controls inflammation and stops the airways from reacting to the factors that trigger the asthma. |
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
| bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes caused by a lack of adequate oxygen in the blood |
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Term
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Definition
| life-threatening genetic disorder in which the lungs and pancrease are clogged with large quantities of abnormally thick mucus |
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Term
|
Definition
thoracic diaphragm, dome-shaped sheet of muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdomen
contracts and relaxes to make breathing possible
(also means dividing structure - also used to describe a contraceptive device that separates the vagina from the cervix) |
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Term
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Definition
| abdominal breathing; relaxation technique used to relieve anxiety |
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Term
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Definition
| acute bacterial infection of the throat and upper respiratory tract |
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Term
|
Definition
| lobar pneumonia involving both lungs and is usually a form of bacterial pneumonia |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| shortness of breath; difficult or labored breathing |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| escape of fluid from blood or lymphatic vessels into the tissues or into a body cavity |
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Term
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Definition
| progressive, long-term loss of lung function, usually due to smoking |
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Term
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Definition
| collection of blood in the pleural cavity |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| passage of a tube through the mouth into the trachea to establish or maintain an open airway, especially when a patient is on a ventilator |
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Definition
epiglottis
closes off trachea during swallowing |
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Term
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Definition
| lid-like structure located at the base of the tongue, swings downward and closes off the laryngopharynx so food does not enter the trachea and lungs |
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Term
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Definition
| nose-bleed, bleeding from the nose that may be caused by dry air, injury, medication to prevent blood clotting, or high blood pressure |
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Term
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Definition
| located in the ethmoid bones between the nose and the eyes, irregularly shaped air cells that are separated fromt he orbital cavity by only a thin layer of bone |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| narrowing of the airways that develops after 5 to 15 minutes of physical exertion. Can be due to cold weather or allergies. |
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Term
|
Definition
| act of breathing out, as the diaphragm relaxes, it moves upward causing the thoracic cavity to become narrower, forcing air out of the lungs |
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Term
|
Definition
| waste product carbon dioxide that has passed into the bloodstream is transported into the air spaces of the lungs to be exhaled |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| act of coughing up and spitting out saliva, mucus or other bodily fluid |
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Term
|
Definition
| act of bringing air in and out of the lungs from the outside environment and in the process exchanging oxygen for carbon dioxide |
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Term
|
Definition
| fibrous connective tissue |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| located in the frontal bone just above the eyebrows, infection can cause pain in this area |
|
|
Term
| functional endoscopic sinus surgery |
|
Definition
| FESS; procedure performed using an endoscope in which chronic sinusitis is treated by enlarging the opening between the nose and sinus |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| expectoration of blood or blood-stained sputum derived from the lungs or bronchial tubes as a result of a pulmonary or bronchial hemmorrhage |
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Term
|
Definition
| collection of blood in the pleural cavity |
|
|
Term
| hospital-acquired pneumonia |
|
Definition
| nosocomial pneumonia, type of pneumonia contracted during a stay in the hospital when a patient's defenses are impaired. Patients on a respirator are particularly at risk. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| hyperbaric oxygen therapy |
|
Definition
| involves breathing pure oxygen in a special chamber that allows air pressure to be raised up to three times higher than normal. Making it easier for the lungs and bloodstream to absorb more oxygen |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| abnormal buildup of carbon dioxide in the blood |
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Term
|
Definition
| commmonly associated with exertion; breathing that is deeper and more rapid than is normal at rest |
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Term
|
Definition
| abnormally rapid rate of deep respiration that is usually associated with anxiety |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| shallow or slow respiration |
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Term
|
Definition
| condition of having low oxygen levels in the blood, usually due to respiratory disorders or heart condition |
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Term
|
Definition
| condition of having deficient oxygen levels in the body's tissues and organs |
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Term
|
Definition
| simpler version of this test in which the larynx is viewed by a light on an angled mirror held at the back of the soft palate |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| flu, acute, highly contagious viral infection chracterized by respiratory inflammation, fever, chills and muscle pain. Spread by respiratory dropplets and occurs most commonly in epidemics during the colder months. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| act of taking in air as the diaphragm contracts and pulls downward |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| air is inhaled into the alveoli, oxygen immediately passes into the surrounding capillaries and is carried by the erythrocytes to all body cells |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| cellular respiration; exchange of gases within the cells of the blood and tissues |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| relating to spaces within or around a tissue or an organ |
|
|
Term
| interstitial lung disease |
|
Definition
| group of almost 200 disorders that caused inflammation and scarring of the alveoli and their supporting structures |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| insertion of a tube, usually for the passage of air or fluids |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| sudden spasmodic closure of the larynx |
|
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| surgical removal of the larynx |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the larynx |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| third division, also shared by both respiratory and digestive systems |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| visual examination of the larynx and vocal cords using flexible or rigid laryngoscope inserted through the mouth |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| voice box, triangular chamber located between the pharynx and the trachea, protected and supported by a series of nine separate cartilages |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| only has two lobes, upper and lower, due to space restrictions because the heart is located on that side |
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| affects larger areas of the lungs, often including one or more sections, or lobes of a lung |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| surgical removal of a lobe of an organ, usually the lung, brain or liver |
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| leading cause of cancer death |
|
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Term
|
Definition
essential organs of respiration
divided into lobes |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| considered a more accurate skin test for diagnosing tuberculosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| largest of the paranasal sinuses, located in the maxillary bones under the eyes, infection can cause pain in the posterior maxillary teeth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
middle section of the chest cavity and is located between the lungs
contains connective tissue and organs, including the heart and its veins and arteries, the esophagus, trachea and bronchi, the thymus gland and lymph nodes |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| MDI; administers specific amount of medication such as a bronchodilator in aerosol form |
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| slippery secretion produced by the mucous membranes that protects and lubricates these tissues |
|
|
Term
| multidrug-resistant tuberculosis |
|
Definition
| dangerous form of tuberculosis because the germs have become resistant to the effect of the primary TB drugs |
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| small tube that divides into two nasal prongs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| interior portion of the nose |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| wall of cartilage that divides the nose into two equal sections |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| first division, posterior to the nasal cavity and continues downward behind the mouth, this portion used only by respiratory system, opens into the oropharynx |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| electronic device that pumps air or oxygen through a liquid medicine to turn it into a mist, then inhaled by the patient via a face mask or mouth piece |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| allows higher levels of oxygen to be added to the air taken in by the patient |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| external openings of the nose |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| caused by the muscles at the back of the throat relaxing and narrowing the airways |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| nerve endings that act as receptors for the sense of smell, also important in the sense of taste, located in the mucous membrane in the upper part of the nasal cavity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| second division, portion that is visible when looking into the mouth, shared by both respiratory and digestive systems |
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| also known as ENT (ear, nose and throat) |
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| air-filled cavities lined with mucous membrane, located in the bones of the skull |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| relating to the walls of a cavity |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| outer layer of the pleura, lines the walls of the thoracic cavity, covers the diaphragm and forms the sac containing each lung |
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inexpensive handheld device used to let patients with asthma measure air flowing out of the lungs, revealing any narrowing of the airways in advance of an asthma attack |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| whooping cough; contagious bacterial infection of the upper respiratory tract that is characterized by recurrent bouts of a paroxysmal cough, followed by breathlessness and noisy inspiration |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sore throat; inflammation of the pharynx |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
throat, receives air after it passes through the nose or mouth, as well as food
three divisions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thick mucus secreted by tissues lining the respiratory passages |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| stimulate the diaphragm and cause it to contract and relax |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thin, moist, and slippery membrane that covers the outer surface of the lungs and lines the inner surface of the thoracic cavity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pleurual space, thin fluid-filled space between the parietal and visceral pleural membranes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| excess accumulation of fluid in the pleural space |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pleuritis; inflammation of the pleura, the membranes that cover the lungs and line the pleural cavity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sharp pain that occurs when the inflamed membranes rub against each other with each inhalation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| any fibrosis of the lung tissues caused by dust in the lungs after prolonged environmental or occupational contact |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| opportunistic infection caused by the yeast-like fungus pneumocystis carinii |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical removal of all or part of a lung |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| serious inflammation of th elungs in which the alveoli and air passages fill with pus and other fluids |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| only form of pneumonia that can be prevented through vaccination |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| accumulation of air in the pleural space resulting in a pressure imbalance that causes the lung to fully or partially collapse |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sleep study; measures physiological activity during sleep and is often performed to detect nocturnal defects in breathing associated with sleep apnea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| accumulation of fluid in lung tissues, especially the alveoli |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sudden blockage of a pulmonary artery by foreign matter or by an embolus that has formed in the leg or pelvic region |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| interstitial fibrosis; progressive formation of scar tissue in the lung, resulting in decreased lung capacity and increased difficulty in breathing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| group of tests that that measure volume and flow of air by using a spirometer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the respiratory system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| external monitor placed on the patient's fingertip or earlobe |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| empyema of the pleural cavity; presence of pus in the pleural cavity between the layers of th epleural membrane |
|
|
Term
| quick-relief; rescue medicines |
|
Definition
| taken at the first sign of attack to dilate the airways and make breathing easier |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| allows the exhaled breath to be partially reused, delivering up to 60% oxygen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| breathing, the exchange of oxygen for carbon dioxide, essential for life |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| respiratory acidosis; condition in which the level of oxygen in the blood becomes dangerously low (hypoxemia) or th elevel of carbon dioxide becomes dangerously high (hypercapnia) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| count of number of breaths |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rate, rhonchi, stridor; provide information about the condition of the lungs and pleura |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| supplies blood with oxygen for trasnportation to the cells in all parts of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| water flow of mucus from the nose |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| larger and has three lobes, upper, middle and lower |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| systemic bacterial infection in the bloodstream |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical repair or alteration of parts of the nasal septum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| wall that separates two chambers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| caused by inhaling silica dust in the lungs and usually occurs after working in occupations including foundry work, quarrying, ceramics, glasswork and sandblasting |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| can be a sac or cavity in any organ or tissue, but most commonly refers to the paranasal sinuses, four pairs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the sinuses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| potentially serious disorder in which breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep for long enough periods to cause a measurable decrease in blood oxygen level |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| can be symptom of sleep apnea; noisy breathing caused by vibration of soft palate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| muscular posterior portion of the roof of the mouth, moves up and backward during swallowing to close off the nasopharynx, preventing food or liquid from going up into the nose |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| located in the sphenoid bone behind the eye and under the pituitary gland, close to the optic nerve, infection can damage vision |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| recording device that measures the amount of air inhaled or exhaled and length of time required for each breath |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| phlegm ejected through the mouth that can be examined for diagnostic purposes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| procedure in which a sample of mucus is coughed up from the lungs and then examined under a microscope to detect cancer cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| damage to the lungs in which particles from a fire coat the alveoli and prevent the normal exchanges of gases |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgically created opening on a body surface |
|
|
Term
| sudden infant death syndrome |
|
Definition
| SIDS; sudden and unexplainable death of an apparently healthy sleeping infant between the ages of 2 months and 6 months |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| administered when the patient is unable to maintain an adequate oxygen saturation level in the blood from breathing normal air |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
detergent-like substance reducing the surface tension of the fluid in the lungs
often lacking in premature babies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormally rapid rate of respiration usually of more than 20 breaths per minute |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical puncture of the chest wall with a needle to obtain fluid from the pleural cavity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| performs operations on the organs inside the thorax, or chest, including the heart, lungs and esophagus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| specialized endoscope used for treating the thorax |
|
|
Term
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Definition
| surgical incision into the chest walls to open the pleural cavity for biopsy or treatment |
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| largest cartilage protecting the larynx commonly known as the Adam's apple |
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| palatine tonsils, part of the lymphatic system, located at the back of the mouth |
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transports air to and from the lungs, windpipe, held open by a series of flexible c-shaped cartilage rings
located directly in front of the esophagus |
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| bleeding from the mucous membranes of the trachea |
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| surgical creation of a stoma into the trachea to insert a temporary or permanent tube to facilitate breathing |
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| procedure in which an incision is made into the trachea to gain access to the airway below a blockage |
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| screening test for tuberculosis in which the skin of the arm is injected with a harmless antigen extracted from TB bacteria |
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| infectious disease causec by mycobacterium tuberculosis; usually attacks the lungs; however, it can also affect other parts of the body |
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| upper respiratory infection/acute nasopharyngitis |
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Definition
| (URI) most common cause is human rhinovirus |
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| consists of the nose, mouth, pharynx, epiglottis, larynx and trachea |
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| another word for moving air in and out of lungs |
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| respirator; mechanical device for artificial respiration that is used to replace or supplement the patient's natural breathing function |
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| video-assisted thoracic surgery |
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| VATS; use of a thoracoscope to view the inside of the pleural cavity through very small incisions |
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Definition
| can be caused by several different types of viruses, accounts for approximately a third of all pneumonias |
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| relating to the internal organs |
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| inner layer of pleura that covers each lung, attached directly to the lungs |
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| during breathing, the cords are separated to let air pass. During speech they close together and sound is produced as air is expelled from the lungs, causing the cords to vibrate against each other |
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| mycoplasma pneumonia; milder but longer-lasting form of disease caused by the bacteria. |
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| surgery in which a small wedge-shaped piece of cancerous lung tissue is removed, along with a margin of healty tissue around the cancer |
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| breathing soun caused by a partially obstructed airway |
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