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| adren/o, adrenal/o (root) |
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| suffix used in the formation of names of chemical substances |
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| parathyr/o, parathyroid/o (root) |
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| nourishment or stimulation |
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| master gland; regulates activities of other glands |
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| anterior lobe of the pituitary gland |
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| growth hormone (GH) (term) |
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Definition
| regulates growth and development of bones, muscles, other organs |
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| thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) (term) |
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Definition
| regulates growth and development of thyroid gland |
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| adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) (term) |
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Definition
| regulates growth and development of adrenal cortex |
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| follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (term) |
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Definition
| stimulates production of sperm in the male and growth of ovarian follicles in the female |
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| luteinizing hormone (LH) (term) |
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Definition
| stimulates the production of testosterone in the male and secretion of estrogen and progesterone in the female |
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| prolactin hormone (PRL) (term) |
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| stimulates milk secretion in the mammary glands |
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| melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) (term) |
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Definition
| regulates skin pigmentation |
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Definition
| posterior lobe of the pituitary gland |
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| antidiuretic hormone (ADH) (term) |
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Definition
| stimulates the reabsorption of water by the kidney tubules |
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| stimulates the uterus to contract during labor and delivery |
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| influences growth and development, both physical and mental |
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| triiodothyronine (T3) (term) |
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| maintains and regulates metabolism |
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| decreases the blood level of calcium |
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| parathormone (PTH) (term) |
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Definition
| increases the blood level of calcium |
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| cortisol (hydrocortisone) (term) |
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Definition
| regulates carbohydrates, proteins, fat metabolism; anti-inflammatory effect; helps the body cope during stress |
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Definition
| regulates water and electrolyte balance |
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| androgen (sex hormone) (term) |
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Definition
| regulates development of secondary male sex characteristics |
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| epinephrine (adrenaline) (term) |
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Definition
| acts as a vasoconstrictor, cardiac stimulant, and antispasmodic; releases glucose into the blood (providing a spurt of energy) |
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| acts as a vasoconstrictor; elevates blood pressure and heart rate |
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| transports glucose into the cells; decreases blood glucose levels |
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| promotes release of glucose by liver; increases blood glucose levels |
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| promotes growth, development, and maintenance of female sex organs |
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Definition
| prepares uterus for pregnancy; promotes development of mammary glands |
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Definition
| promotes growth, development, and maintenance of male sex organs |
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| hemoglobin A1c (reflects average long-term glucose levels for 2-3 months before glucose blood level is drawn) |
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| steroids produced by the cortices of the adrenal glands (cortisol) |
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| adjective describing a gland that delivers its secretions through a duct onto the skin or epithelial surface |
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| hormones promoting gonadal growth |
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| islets of Langerhans (term) |
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| clusters of specialized cells in the pancreas that secrete insulin |
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| female gonads; two oval-shaped glands that are located in the pelvic cavity |
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| gland that secretes melatonin, an antioxidant that is otherwise not well understood |
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| another name for the adrenal glands |
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| enlargement of the extremities (mostly hands and feet) caused by excessive secretion of the growth hormone after puberty |
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| a disorder characterized by a failure of the adrenal glands to produce hydrocortisone and in some cases aldosterone |
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| enlargement of the adrenal glands |
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| Cushing's syndrome (term) |
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| a hormonal disorder caused by too much hydrocortisone |
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Definition
| a condition brought about by insufficient production of insulin in the pancreas or the failure of the body's cells to absorb glucose |
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| abnormal overgrowth of the body due to excessive secretion of the growth hormone before puberty |
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| Hashimoto's thyroiditis (term) |
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| an autoimmune disorder that attacks the thyroid gland causing hypothyroidism |
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| congenital condition characterized by low thyroid output |
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| thyroparathyroidectomy (term) |
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Definition
| excision of the thyroid and parathyroid glands |
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