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Protection, regulation, sensation, and secretion
covers entire body
covers 3000 sq. inches of surface area (adults)
Weighs 6+ pounds |
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| Nourishes the epidermis, provides strength, and supports blood vessels. |
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an outer layer of cells designed to provide protection
-keratinized stratified squamous
-4 distinct cell types
-can be divided into 5 strata *stratum germinativum, stratum spinosum, startum granulosum, stratum lucidum, stratum corneum* |
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epidermis
hypodermis
dermis |
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-also called superficial fascia
-not apart of the skin but has the same protective features
-made up of mostly adipose tissue
-anchors skin to the underlying structures
-skin can slide freely over structures
-thickens when gain weight ( women: accumulates in thighs and breast first; men: accumulates in the anterior abdomen giving an appearance of a "beer belly" |
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| stratum germinativum (epidermis) |
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| Innermost epidermal layer responsible for regeneration of the epidermis. Damage to this layer necessitates the use of skin grafts. Melanin is formed in this layer. |
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| stratum spinosum (epidermis) |
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| Meaning "spiny layer". When stem cells divide, one of the daughter cells is pushed into this layer. Contains Langerhans cells, which stimulate a defense against invading microorganisms and superficial skin cancer. |
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| stratum granulosum (epidermis) |
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| Large amounts of keratin (a protein substance), is made. Keratin, in humans, is the basic structural component of hair and nails. |
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| stratum lucidum (epidermis) |
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| Present in thick skin of the palms and soles. Cells are flatened, densely packed, and filled with keratin. |
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| stratum corneum (epidermis) |
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| Outermost, horny layer, consisting of dead cells. Cells are inactive in the keratinization process, during which the cells lose their nuclei and become hard or horny. Forms a protective covering for the body. |
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| produces ridges that are one's fingerprints |
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| Supports, nourishes, insulates, and cushions skin. |
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| Provides sensation and some protection for the head. Hair around the eye, in nose, and in ears filter out foreign particles. |
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| Protects ends of fingers and toes. |
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| Lubricates hair and nails |
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| Sudoriferous (sweat) glands |
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| Secrete sweat and helps cool the body by evaporation and also rids body of waste. |
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| cutane/o;derm/a;derm/o;dermat/o |
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