Term
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Peripheral Nervous System: Cranial nerves and spinal nerves |
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Term
| Cranial nerves and spinal nerves |
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Definition
| Afferent/sensory and Efferent/motor |
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Term
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Definition
| Carry impulses TO the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| Carry impulses AWAY from the brain: Somatic and Autonomic |
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| neur/o: Basic unit of the nervous system |
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Term
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Definition
| Dendrites, Cell body, Axon, Synapse |
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Term
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Definition
| dendr/o: Projections from the cell body that receive neural impulse. Nerve cell |
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Term
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Definition
| Control center of the cell. Nerve cell |
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Term
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Definition
| Myelin sheath and Shwann cells. Nerve cell |
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Term
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Definition
| white substance that coats the axons. Nerve cell |
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Term
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Definition
| produce myelin. Nerve cell |
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Term
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Definition
| gli/o: physically hold the neurons together and protect them. Astrocytes. |
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Term
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Definition
| astr/o: Connect neurons and blood vessels. |
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Term
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Definition
| Small collections of nerve cell bodies outside the brain and spinal cord (in the PNS) |
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Term
| Brain divided into 4 parts |
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Definition
| 1. Cerebrum 2. Cerebellum 3. Diencephalon 4. Brainstem |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| Largest portion of the brain. Cerebral Cortex: Lobes. |
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Term
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Definition
Frontal: speech and motor area
Temporal: auditory and olfactory
Parietal: touch and taste
Occipital: vision
Cerebral Cortex |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
Midbrain
Pons
Medulla oblongata |
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Term
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Definition
| Reflex center for eye and head movement |
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Term
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Definition
| “bridge” between medulla oblongata and the cerebrum |
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Term
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Definition
| Regulates heart rate, blood pressure and breathing |
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Term
| The combining form for the part of the central nervous system responsible for thinking, reasoning, and memory is: |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Medulla oblongata to L1
Cauda equina
Nerve roots |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
(mening/o, meningi/o): Protective covering for the CNS
1. Dura mater
2. Arachnoid membrane
3. Pia mater |
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Term
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Definition
dur/o: Outer covering of the meninges
- Subdural space between dura mater and arachnoid membrane |
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Term
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Definition
Subarachnoid space
- Contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
- CSF also found in ventricles of the brain |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| 12 pairs which conduct impulses between the brain and the head, neck, thoracic and abdominal areas |
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Term
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Definition
-31 pairs
-Named for their location: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral and coccygeal |
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Term
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Definition
| Skin surfaces supplied by a single afferent spinal nerve. |
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Term
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Definition
-Sympathetic nervous system: “fight-or-flight” response
-Parasympathetic nervous system: “rest and digest” |
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Term
| The outer covering of the meninges is the |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Loss of memory caused by brain damage or trauma |
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Term
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Definition
| Lack of ability to form or understand speech |
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Term
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Definition
| Condition of difficulty with swallowing |
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Term
| Dyssomnia: disorders of sleep-awake cycles |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| inability to sleep or stay asleep |
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Term
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Definition
| excessive depth or length of sleep |
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Term
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Definition
| Involuntary contraction of small, local muscles |
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Term
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Definition
| Disorder in the manner of walking |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Feeling of prickling, burning or numbness |
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Term
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Definition
| Neuromuscular reaction to abnormal electrical activity within the brain; also called convulsions. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following is an abnormal feeling of burning, prickling, or numbness? |
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Definition
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Term
| the medical term for fainting. |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Inability to perform mathematical calculations |
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Term
|
Definition
a = not, without gnos/o = knowledge -ia=condition
Inability to recognize objects visually, auditorily or with other senses |
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Term
|
Definition
a = not, without graph/o = record -ia = condition
Inability to write |
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Term
|
Definition
an = not, without osm/o = sense of smell -ia
Lack of sense of smell |
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Term
|
Definition
a = not, without prax/o – purposeful movement
Inability to perform purposeful movements or to use objects appropriately |
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Term
|
Definition
dys = difficult lex/o = word -ia = condition
Inability or difficulty with reading and/or writing. |
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Term
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Definition
| Condition of abnormal accumulation of fluid in the ventricles of the brain |
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Term
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Definition
Condition in which the spinal column has an abnormal opening/herniation that allows protrusion of the meninges and/or the spinal cord.
Aka: Meningocele or Meningomyelocele |
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Term
|
Definition
Inherited disease that occurs mainly in people of Eastern European Jewish origin
Enzyme deficiency that results in CNS deterioration |
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Term
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Definition
| Deep, prolonged unconsciousness from which the patient cannot be aroused. |
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Term
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Definition
| Serious head injury characterized by loss of consciousness, amnesia, seizures |
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Term
|
Definition
| Head injury of sufficient force to bruise the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| Localized collection of blood, usually clotted, in an organ, tissue or space, due to a break in the wall of a blood vessel |
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Term
| Herniated intervertebral disk |
|
Definition
| Displacement of an intervertebral disk so that it presses on a nerve, causing pain and/or numbness. |
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Term
| What is a condition in which the patient has lost his or her sense of smell? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| the inability to recognize objects visually, auditorily or with other senses? |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
Alzheimer's Disease: Progressive, neurodegenerative disease in which patients exhibit an impairment of cognitive functioning.
Cause: unknown |
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Term
|
Definition
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Lou Gehrig disease (eponym)
Degenerative, fatal disease of the motor neurons in which patients exhibit progressive muscle weakness and atrophy. |
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Term
|
Definition
Multiple Sclerosis
Neurodegenerative disease characterized by destruction of the myelin sheaths of the CNS neurons. |
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Term
|
Definition
Parkinson Disease
Progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by tremors, fasciculations, slow shuffling gait, hypokinesia, dysphasia and dysphagia. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Paralysis of facial nerves |
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Term
|
Definition
Group of disorders characterized by some
or all of the following: recurrent seizures,
sensory disturbances, abnormal behavior
and/or loss of consciousness. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal condition characterized by facial grimaces, tics, involuntary arm and shoulder movements and involuntary vocalizations. |
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Term
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Definition
| Inflammation of the brain, most frequently caused by a virus transmitted by the bite of an infected mosquito. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Any infection or inflammation of the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the nerves. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of several/many peripheral nerves. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the sciatic nerve, causing pain and tenderness along the path of the nerve through the thigh and leg. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Acute infection caused by the latent/dormant varicella zoster virus (chicken pox). |
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Term
| What is the term that means a sudden attack of sleep? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| which describes an inflammation of a nerve causing pain and tenderness along the path of the nerve through the thigh and leg? |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Cerebrovascular Accident: Ischemia of cerebral tissue due to an occlusion (blockage) from a thrombus or embolus. Sequelae (an aftereffect of a disease) may include paralysis, weakness, speech defects, sensory changes that last longer than 24 hours or death. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Headache of vascular origin. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Transient Ischemic Attack: TIA has the same mechanisms as a CVA, but the sequelae resolve and disappear within 24 hours. |
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Term
|
Definition
| paralysis; loss of muscle function |
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Term
|
Definition
| Paralysis of same body part on both sides of the body |
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Term
|
Definition
| Paralysis on the left or right side |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Paralysis of the lower limbs and trunk |
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Term
|
Definition
| Paralysis of arms, legs and trunk |
|
|
Term
| Paralysis of the arms, legs, and trunk is: |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| X-ray of the cerebral arteries, including the internal carotids, taken after the injection of a contrast medium |
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Term
|
Definition
| Ultrasound exam of the brain |
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Term
|
Definition
| X-ray of the spinal canal after the introduction of a radiopague substance |
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Term
|
Definition
| Positron Emission Tomography: the use of radionuclides to visualize brain function. |
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|
Term
| What is a recording of the spinal canal? |
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Electroencephalogaphy: Record of the electrical activity of the brain. |
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Term
|
Definition
Multiple Sleep Latency Test
Test that consists of a series of short, daytime naps in the sleep lab to measure daytime sleepiness and how fast the patient falls asleep. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Polysomnography: Measurement and record of a number of functions while the patient is asleep. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| In normal conditions, the dorsiflexion of the great toe when the plantar surface of the sole is stimulated. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Cerebrospinal Fluid analysis: Examination of fluid from the CNS to detect pathogens and abnormalities. |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is a measure of many functions during sleep that is used to diagnose sleep apnea? |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Removal of a part of the skull |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Surgery using radiowaves to localize structures within 3-D space |
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|
Term
| Verntriculoperitoneostomy |
|
Definition
Also known as a VP shunt
Procedure to drain fluid from brain ventricles through a shunt or catheter and valve that leads to the abdominal cavity. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Cutting of a branch of the vagus nerve to reduce the secretion of gastric acid. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Use of anesthesia to prevent sensory nerve impulses from reaching the CNS |
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Term
|
Definition
| Excision of part or all of a nerve |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Surgical repair of a nerve |
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Term
|
Definition
| Suture of a severed nerve |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Incision of the spinal cord to relieve pain. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Resection of the dorsal root of a spinal nerve to relieve pain |
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Term
|
Definition
| Surgical interruption of part of the sympathetic pathways for the relief of chronic pain or to promote vasodilation. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation: Method of pain control by application of electrical impulses to the skin. |
|
|
Term
| Removal of the fatty plaque from the lining of a carotid artery is a/n: |
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Computerized Tomography Scan |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Transient Ischemic Attack |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Ventricular-peritoneal shunt |
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Term
|
Definition
Ophthalmology
Optometry
Audiology
Otorhinolaryngology |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| ophthalm/o,ocul/o: ocular adnexa |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Orbit, Eyebrows, Canthi, Eyelids, Palpebral fissure, Conjunctivae |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Each eye is encased in a protective, bony socket called an orbit |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Provide protection from perspiration and sun glare |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
Area where upper and lower eyelids meet
Palpebration: blinking/closing ones eyes |
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Term
|
Definition
| conjunctiv/o: Membrane that lines eyelids and covers the surface of the eye |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sebaceous (oil-secreting glands of the skin) of the eyelashes |
|
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Term
|
Definition
lacrim/o: tear gland
Lacrimation |
|
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Term
|
Definition
the process of producing tears
Lacrimal glands (dacryoaden/o)
Lacrimal sacs (dacryocyst/o)
Nasolacrimal ducts |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Attach the eyeball to the orbit and move the eyes. |
|
|
Term
| Outer layer/fibrous tunic of the eyeball |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
scler/o: Hard, white covering of the eye
“white” of the eye |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| kerat/o, corne/o: Transparent portion of the sclera that covers the anterior section of the eye |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Border of the cornea, between the cornea and the sclera |
|
|
Term
| Middle layer/vascular tunic of the eye |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
uve/o (choroid, ciliary body, iris)
iris, pupil, ciliary body, lens, and aqueous and virtreous humors |
|
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Term
|
Definition
ir/o, irid/o: Smooth muscle that contracts and relaxes to moderate the amount of light that enters the eye
- Colored part of the eye |
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Term
|
Definition
(pupill/o, cor/o, core/o)
Dark area in the center of the iris |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| vitre/o: Jellylike substance |
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| retin/o: rods, cones, macula lutea, fovea, and optic disk |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Responsible for vision in dim light |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Responsible for color vision |
|
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Term
|
Definition
(macul/o)
Area of the retina on which the light rays focus |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Contains only cones and provides sharpest vision |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(papill/o)
Natural blind spot |
|
|
Term
| A combining form for the lens is: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the eyelid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Drooping of the upper eyelid |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Turning outward of the eyelid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Turning inward of the eyelid toward the eye |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Hardened swelling of the meimobian gland resulting from a blockage.
Also known as a Meibomian cyst |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of a lacrimal gland |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of a lacrimal sac |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Severe, purulent conjunctivitis in the newborn, usually due to gnorrheal or chlamydial infection. |
|
|
Term
| What is the term for a drooping of the upper eyelid? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Protrusion of the eyeball from its orbit |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| General term for a lack of coordination between the eyes, usually due to a muscle weakness or paralysis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Turning inward of one or both eyes
“Cross-eyed” |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Turning outward of one or both eyes |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Extreme sensitivity to light. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Malcurvature of the cornea leading to blurred vision |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Progressive loss of elasticity of the lens (usually accompanies aging) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Trauma to the outer covering of the eye resulting in an abrasion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the cornea. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a= without phak/o =lens
Condition of no lens |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Progressive loss of transparency of the lens of the eye |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal intraoccular pressure due to obstruction of the outflow of the aqueous humor. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Age-related macular degeneration: Progressive destruction of the macula, resulting in a loss of central vision. |
|
|
Term
| What is the term for loss of half of one’s visual field? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| used to assess central vision and to assist in the diagnosis of age-realted macular degeneration. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| levels of measurement that quantify the refraction errors, including the amount of nearsightedness (negative numbers), farsightedness (positive numbers), and astigmatism. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (angi/o = vessel + -graphy = process of recording) is a procedure to confirm suspected retinal disease by injection of a fluorescein dye into the eye and use of a camera to record the vessels of the retina. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| use of a dye dropped into the eyes that allows differential staining of abnormalities of the cornea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (goni/o = angle + -scopy = process of viewing) is a visualization of the angle of the anterior chamber of the eye; it is used to diagnose glaucoma and to inspect ocular movement. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (son/o = sound + -graphy = process of recording) is the use of high-frequency sound waves to image the interior of the eye when opacities prevent other imaging techniques. It may be used for diagnosing retinal detachments, inflammatory conditions, vasuclar malformations, and suspicious masses. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (ophthalm/o = eye + -scopy = process of viewing) is any visual examination of the interior of the eye with an ophthalmoscope (-scope = instrument to view). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| done to determine the amount of tear production; it is useful in diagnosing dry eye (xerophthalmia). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| part of a routine eye examination; it is used to examine the various layers of the eye. Medications may be used to dilate the pupils (mydriatics), numb the eye (anesthetics), or dye the eye (fluorescein staining). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (ton/o = tone, tension + -metry = process of measurement) is a measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP) used in the diagnosis of glaucoma. In Goldmann applanation tonometry, the eye is numbed and measurements are taken directly on the eye. In air-puff tonometry, a puff of air is blown onto the cornea. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Visual acuity
- Snellen chart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Surgical repair of the eyelids. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Creation of an opening between the tear sac and the nose |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Removal of the entire eyeball |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Removal of the contents of the eyeball, leaving the outer coat (the sclera) intact |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Removal of the entire contents of the orbit. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Removal of the lens to treat cataracts. May use ICCE, ECCE or Phaco |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Intraocular lenses
Implantable contact lens |
|
|
Term
Phacoemulsification and aspiration
of a cataract |
|
Definition
| Vision correction accomplished through the destruction and removal of the contents of the capsule by breaking it into small pieces and removing them by suction. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Incision of the Schlemm canal to correct glaucoma by providing an exit for the aqueous humor. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Incision of the orbital network of the eye to promote intraocular circulation and decrease intraocular pressure (IOP). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Reattachment of the retina with a cryoprobe and the use of a silicone sponge to push the sclera in toward the retinal scar. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Vitr/o = vitreous humor
Removal of part of all of the vitreous humor. |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is a procedure to repair the pupil? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Medications that keep the eyes moist, mimicking natural tears |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Drugs that cause the pupils to constrict |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Drugs that cause the pupils to dilate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Drugs applied directly to the eye |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Medications used to temporarily anesthetize the eye for the purpose of examination. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| extracapsular cataract extraction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| intracapsular cataract extraction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of medication is used to dilate the pupil for the purpose of examination of the eye? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ot/o, aur/o, auricul/o: Outer ear/external ear
Middle ear
Inner ear/labyrinth (labyrinth/o)
Mastoid process |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pinna/auricle, External auditory canal, Cerumen, External auditory meatus, Tympanic membrane |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Flesh-covered cartilage of the outer ear |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| External auditory meatus CF |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tympan/o, myring/o: Eardum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ossicles/ossicular chain, oval window, eustachian tube |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(ossicul/o)
Malleus
Incus
Stapes (staped/o) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(salping/o)
Auditory tube
Connection between the ears and the throat that equalizes pressure within the middle ear |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ear/labyrinth (labyrinth/o)
Membranous and bony labyrinth
Perilymph and endolymph
Bony labyrinth |
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Term
|
Definition
| Vestibule and Semicircular canals |
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Term
|
Definition
(vestibul/o)
Utricle
Saccule |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| Parts of the bony labyrinth |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
(cochle/o)
Organ of Corti
Vestibulocochlear nerve/eighth cranial nerve |
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Term
| Which of the following combining forms names a structure in the middle ear? |
|
Definition
staped/o
For the stapes, the third ossicle in the middle ear |
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Term
|
Definition
| Ear ache; pain in the ear. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Discharge from the auditory canal. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal ringing, buzzing or jingling in the ear. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Blockage of the external auditory canal with earwax |
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Term
|
Definition
| Condition of abnormally large ears |
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Term
|
Definition
| Condition of abnormally small auricles (ears) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the outer ear and ear canal. Also called swimmer’s ear. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the eardrum due to a bacterial or viral infection. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the mastoid process of the temporal bone. |
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Term
|
Definition
Otitis media
Inflammation of the middle ear |
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Term
| A condition of abnormally large auricles is: |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the inner ear. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Chronic condition of the inner ear characterized by vertigo, hearing loss and tinnitus. |
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Term
| Ruptured tympanic membrane |
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Definition
| Tear (perforation) in the eardrum due to trauma or disease. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| measurement of the perception of pure tones with extraneous sound screened out. |
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Term
|
Definition
| the measurement of the ability to hear and understand speech. |
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Term
|
Definition
| a method of distinguishing conductive from sensorineural hearing loss. |
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Term
|
Definition
| test is a method of testing auditory acuity by conductive ability only and is especially helpful when hearing loss is more pronounced in one ear. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Otoscope: visual examination of the external auditory canal and the tympanic membrane |
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Term
|
Definition
Tympanogram
(tympan/o = eardrum + -metry = process of measuring) is the measurement of the condition and mobility function of the eardrum. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Implanted device that assists those with hearing loss by electrically stimulating the cochlea. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Removal of the mastoid process |
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Term
|
Definition
| Repair and/or reconstruction of the outer ear |
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Term
|
Definition
| Removal of the third ossicle, the stapes, from the middle ear. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Surgical repair of the eardrum |
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Term
| Tympanostomy/myringostomy |
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Definition
| Surgical creation of an opening through the eardrum to promote drainage and/or allow the introduction of artificial tubes to maintain the opening. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| Which of the following is a surgical or plastic repair of the external ear? |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| bilateral tympanic or myringotomy tube |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Ossicular chain reconstruction |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| pressure equalization tubes |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy |
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Term
|
Definition
| Tympanic membrane (eardrum) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Temporomandibular joint disorder |
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Term
|
Definition
| Universal newborn hearing screening test |
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Term
|
Definition
| Extracapsular cataract extraction |
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Term
|
Definition
| Intracapsular cataract extraction |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Laser-assisted in-situ keratomileusis |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
crin/o
Ductless glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream |
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Term
| Pituitary Gland/Hypophysis |
|
Definition
Located behind the optic nerve in the cranial cavity
Pituitary Gland: “Master gland”
Anterior lobe/adenohypophysis
(aden/o, hypophys/o)
Posterior lobe/neurohypophysis
(neur/o, hypophys/o) |
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Term
|
Definition
thyroid/o
Located in the anterior part of the neck
Regulation of metabolism
Tetraiodothyronine (thyroxine)
Triiodothyronine
Control of calcium deposited in bones
Calcitonin |
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Term
|
Definition
parathyroid/o
Parathyroids are four small glands located on the posterior surface of the thyroid gland.
Regulate calcium (calc/o) in the bloodstream |
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Term
| Hypophys/o is a combining form for the: |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Adrenal Glands/Suprarenals |
|
Definition
adren/o
Adrenal glands are located on top of each kidney.
Adrenal cortex: external portion
Secretes steroids
Adrenal medulla: internal portion
Sympathomimetic hormones |
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Term
|
Definition
pancreat/o
The pancreas is located inferior and posterior to the stomach
Exocrine function
Release digestive enzymes through a duct into the small intestines
Endocrine function
Regulate glucose in the blood by stimulating the liver
Islets of Langerhans |
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Term
|
Definition
thym/o: The thymus gland is located in the mediastinum above the heart.
Responsible for stimulating key cells for immune response |
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Term
|
Definition
Female and male gonads
Reproductive functions |
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Term
|
Definition
Located in the center of the brain
Secretion of melatonin |
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Term
| The gland that regulates metabolism and normal growth and development of the body is the: |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
an=without orex/o=appetite -ia=condition
Lack of appetite |
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Term
|
Definition
Ex = out Ophthalm/o = eye -ia=condition
Protrusion of eyeballs from their orbits |
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Term
|
Definition
| Enlargement of the thyroid gland, not due to tumor |
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Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal hairiness, especially in women |
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Term
|
Definition
Par= abnormal esthesi/o = feeling
Abnormal sensation, such as prickling |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
Condition of deficient calcium in the blood
Opposite: hypercalcemia: excessive calcium |
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Term
|
Definition
Condition of deficient sugar in the blood.
Hyperglycemia: excessive sugar in the blood |
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Term
|
Definition
Condition of deficient potassium (K) in the blood.
Opposite: hyperkalemia: excessive potassium in the blood |
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Term
| A condition of excessive potassium in the blood is |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Enlargement of the extremities (hands and feet), jaw, nose and forehead. |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Growth Hormone Deficiency: Dwarfism |
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Term
|
Definition
Aka: thyrotoxicosis
Graves disease |
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Term
|
Definition
Cretinism: stunted mental/physical growth in childhood
Myxedema: adult form; facial and orbital edema |
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Term
| Thyroid and Parathyroid Disorders |
|
Definition
Hyperparathyroidism
Hypoparathyroidism |
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Term
|
Definition
Gestational diabetes
Hyperinsulinism
Prediabetes
Type I diabetes
Type 2 diabetes |
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Term
|
Definition
| is insulin resistance by the mother acquired during pregnancy. |
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Term
|
Definition
| excessive amount of insulin that is seen in some infants at birth. |
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Term
|
Definition
| condition of an elevated blood glucose level |
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Term
|
Definition
| a total lack of insulin production |
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Term
|
Definition
| deficient amount of insulin production |
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Term
|
Definition
| Computed tomography scan: may be used to test for bone density in hypoparathyroidism or for the size of the adrenal glands in Addison disease. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Magnetic resonance imaging: may be used to examine changes in the size of soft tissue |
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Term
|
Definition
| Radioactive iodine uptake: scans are done to test thyroid function by measuring the gland’s ability to concentrate and retain iodine. |
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Term
|
Definition
| (x-rays) is used to examine suspected changes that affect the density or thickness of bone. |
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Term
|
Definition
| used to visualize the pancreas and to guide biopsies of the thyroid gland when determining if cysts are solid or fluid filled. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Bilateral removal of the adrenal glands to reduce excess hormone secretion |
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Term
|
Definition
| Excision of the pituitary gland |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Excision of the parathyroid gland |
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Term
|
Definition
| Excision of the thyroid gland |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| nondecodable: progressive opacification (process of becoming cloudy) of the lens |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Intramuscular or intramedullary |
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Term
|
Definition
| Cardiopulmonary resuscitation |
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Term
|
Definition
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
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Term
|
Definition
| Coronary artery bypass graft |
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Term
|
Definition
| Sudden infant death syndrome |
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Term
|
Definition
| light amplification by stimulated emission radiation |
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Term
|
Definition
| Transurethral resection of the prostate |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
| If the suffix starts w/a vowel |
|
Definition
| a combining vowel's not needed to join the parts. i.e. hysterEctomy |
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|
Term
| if 2 or more COMBINING FORMS are used in the term |
|
Definition
| the COMBINING VOWEL's retained b/w the 2, regardless of whether the second combining form begins w/a vowel or consonant. i.e. osteOarthritis |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| -ac, -al, -ar, -ary, -eal, -ic, -ous |
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| herniation: cyst/o/cele = herniation of the bladder |
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Term
|
Definition
| blood condition: hyper/lipid/emia = excessive fat in blood |
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Term
|
Definition
| condition: an/esthes/ia = condition of being w/out feeling |
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Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the stomach and small intestines |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| enlargement: cardi/o/megaly = enlargement of the heart |
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Term
|
Definition
| tumor, mass: oste/oma: tumor of a bone |
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Term
|
Definition
| abnormal condition: scoliosis = abnormal curvature of the spine |
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Term
|
Definition
| disease process: gastr/o/pathy: disease process of the stomach |
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Term
|
Definition
| drooping: hyster/o/ptosis = prolapse of the uterus |
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Term
|
Definition
| busting forth: hem/o/rrhage = bursting forth of blood |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| rupture: hyster/o/rrhexis = rupture of the uterus |
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Term
|
Definition
| hardening: arteri/o/sclerosis = abnormal condition of hardening of an artery |
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Term
|
Definition
| narrowing: trache/o/stenosis = abnormal condition of narrowing of the trachea (windpipe) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| removal, resection: nephr/ectomy = surgical removal of the kidney |
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Term
|
Definition
| surgical repair of the tympanic membrane (eardrum) |
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Term
|
Definition
| sature: herni/o/rrhaphy = suture repair of a hernia |
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Term
|
Definition
| new opening: col/o/stomy = create new opening into the colon |
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| crushing: lithotripsy = crushing of kidney stones |
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Term
|
Definition
| INcision into the abdomen |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| instrument used to visualize the bladder |
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Term
|
Definition
| surgical process of viewing the bladder |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| one who specializes in treatment |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| one who specializes in the stud of: ot/o/rhin/o/laryng/o/logist = ear, nose, throat doctor |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to before birth |
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Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to after birth |
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Term
|
Definition
| no, not, w/out: a/sept/ic = pertaining to being w/out infection |
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Term
|
Definition
| forward, in front of, before: ante/vers/ion = process of turning forward |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| half, partial: hemicolectomy = surgical removal of part of the colon |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| b/w: intercostal = b/w the ribs |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| through: per/cutane/ous = through the skin |
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Term
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Definition
| surrounding, around: periosteum = outer covering of bone |
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Term
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Definition
| many: poly/dactyl/y = presence of more than normal number of fingers or toes |
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| eardrum (tympanic membrane) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Coronary artery bypass graft |
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Term
|
Definition
| Esophag/o/gastr/o/duoden/o/scopy |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Ear, nose, throat (ot/o/rhin/o/laryng/o/logy) |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
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Term
|
Definition
| Positron Emission Tomography |
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Term
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Definition
| Kidney, Ureter, Bladder x-ray |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| Relative constancy in the internal environment of the body, naturally maintained by adaptive responses that promote healthy survival. |
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Term
|
Definition
| energy conversion and metabolism |
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Term
|
Definition
Metabolism (meta-): act of converting energy by continually building up substances by:
Anabolism (ana - up, apart)
Catabolism (cata- down) |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| cell membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus |
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Term
|
Definition
Lysosome
Ribosome
Mitochondrion |
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Term
|
Definition
| parenchymal (does the work) vs. stromal (supportive) |
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Term
|
Definition
| epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous |
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Term
|
Definition
internal and external covering for organs
Outer layer of the skin or lining of digestive tract |
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| heart, skeletal and visceral muscles |
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Term
|
Definition
| provide transmission of information to regulate a variety of functions |
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Term
|
Definition
| termed viscera, s. viscus |
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|
Term
| arrangements of various types of tissues in organs |
|
Definition
Heart
Endocardium (epithelial)
My/o/cardi/um (muscular) |
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|
Term
| The combining form hist/o refers to a/n: |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The combining form viscer/o refers to a/n: |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| apic/o: pointed extremity of a conical structure |
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Term
|
Definition
| corpor/o, som/o, somat/o: the LARGEST or MOST IMPORTANT part of an organ |
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Term
|
Definition
| fund/o: base or deepest part of a hollow organ that's farthest from the mouth of the organ |
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Term
|
Definition
| hil/o: area where nerves and vessels enter or exit an organ |
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Term
|
Definition
| lumin/o: the space w/in an artery, vein, intestine or tube |
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Term
|
Definition
| sinus/o or antra: a cavity or channel in bone |
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Term
|
Definition
| vestibul/o: a small space or cavity at the beginning of a canal |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| my/o, myos/o, muscul/o, oste/o, osse/o, oss/i, arthr/o, articul/o, myel/o |
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Term
|
Definition
| dem/o, demat/o, cutane/o, trich/o, pil/o, ungu/o, onych/o |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| ren/o, nephr/o, cyst/o, vesic/o, ureter/o, urethr/o |
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Term
|
Definition
| ocophor/o, ovari/o, test/o, orchid/o |
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Term
|
Definition
| oophor/o, ovari/o, test/o, orchid/o |
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Term
|
Definition
| erythrocyt/o, leukocyt/o, thrombocyt/o |
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Term
|
Definition
| lymphaden/o, immuno/o, cardi/o, coron/o, arteri/o, ven/o, phleb/o |
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Term
|
Definition
| pulmon/o, pneumon/o, bronch/o, trache/o |
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Term
|
Definition
| encephal/o, cerebr/o, neur/o, ment/i, phren/o, psych/o, |
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Term
|
Definition
| opthalm/o, ocul/o, opt/o, ot/o, aur/o |
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Definition
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Definition
| bad, difficult, painful, abnormal |
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| study of the STRUCTURE of the body |
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| study of FUNCTION OF THE body |
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| study of disease:-pathy = disease process |
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process of viewing living tissue that has been removed for the purpose of diagnosis and/or treatment.
Abbreviation: bx |
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| process of viewing dead tissue |
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| process of viewing by self; term commonly used to describe the examination of a dead body to determine cause of death. |
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| the frame of reference that is used to name the surface anatomy. |
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Definition
| Buccal, Cephalic, Cervical, Cranial, Facial, Frontal, Mental, Nasal, Ocular, Oral, Otic |
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Definition
| Abdominal, Axillary, Coxal, Inguinal, Mammary, Pelvic, Sternal, Thoracic, Umbilical |
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Definition
| antecubital, brachial, carpal, manual, palmar, digital |
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Definition
| Crural, femoral, patellar, pedal, plantar, tarsal |
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| acromial, dorsal, gluteal, lumbar, sacral, vertebral, olecranal, popliteal, sural |
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| What surface anatomy term means “pertaining to the front of the elbow?” |
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Definition
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| What surface anatomy term means “pertaining to the back?” |
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Definition
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| Anteroposterior: "Front to back" |
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| Posteroanterior "Back to front" |
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anter/o: ant.
ante- (in front of)
Ventral (ventr/o) |
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(poster/o)
post.
post- (behind, after)
Dorsal (dors/o) |
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medi/o = middle
-al = pertaining to |
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later/o = side
-al = pertaining to
lat. |
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ipsi- same
later/o = side
-al = pertaining to |
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contra- = opposite
-later = side
-al = pertaining to |
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uni- = one
later/o = side
-al = pertaining to |
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bi- = two
later/o = side
-al = pertaining to |
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| on the surface of the body |
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| away from (below) the surface |
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proxim/o = near
-al = pertaining to |
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dist/o = far
-al = pertaining to |
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af- = toward
fer/o = to carry
-ent = pertaining to |
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| pertaining to the palm of the hand |
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| pertaining to the sole of the foot |
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| Which of the following terms means “pertaining to the opposite side?” |
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| Which of the following terms is a combining form for both “diaphragm” and “mind?” |
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| Thoracic, Abdominal, and Pelvic |
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Definition
| thorac/o: Heart and lungs |
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Definition
| abdomin/o: Stomach, liver, intestines |
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Definition
| pelv/i: Bladder, reproductive organs |
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Definition
contains heart and lungs
Mediastinum and Pleural Cavity |
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Definition
(mediastin/o)
Space between the lungs |
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Definition
(pleur/o)
Space within the double-folded membrane that surrounds the lungs |
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Definition
also called peritoneal cavity
Diaphragm and Peritoneum |
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Definition
(diaphragm/o, diaphragmat/o, phren/o)
Separates thoracic and abdominal cavities |
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Definition
(peritone/o)
Highly vascular membrane that lines abdominal cavity |
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Definition
| bladder and reproductive organs |
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Term
| Which cavity is superior to the umbilical region? |
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Definition
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Definition
| Right upper quadrant: Liver |
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Definition
| Left upper quadrant: Stomach and spleen |
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Definition
| Right lower quadrant: Appendix and McBurney's point |
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Definition
| Left lower quadrant: Munro's point |
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Definition
separates sides from each other
Midsagittal |
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Definition
| Separates the body into equal right and left halves |
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| Divides the body into front and back portions |
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Definition
Also called cross-sectional
Divides the body horizontally into an upper part and a lower part |
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Definition
| divides the body as a slanted angle |
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Term
| Which plane separates the ears? |
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Definition
Sagittal
Remember, sagittal “separates the sides”. |
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| diaphragmat/o, diaphragm/o, phren/o |
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| Positron emission tomography |
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(formation of blood)
hemat/o = blood
-poiesis = formation; creation; production; to make
Bones are responsible for the continual formation of blood |
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Definition
Fibrous bands of tissue that attach bone to bone
ACL: anterior cruciate ligament
PCL: posterior cruciate ligament |
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Definition
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Definition
| Tough, fibrous covering of muscles |
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Definition
| Covers ends of bones and serves a protective function. |
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Definition
Orth/o/pedics (orth/o = straight; ped/o = child)
This word does not decode well; some words do not
Rheumatology – disorders of connective tissue |
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Definition
| Axial Skeleton + Appendicular skeleton |
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Definition
| Skull, rib cage and spine |
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Definition
| Shoulder bones, collar bones, pelvic bones, arms and legs |
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Term
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Definition
| humerus (upper arm), femur (thigh bone) |
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Term
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Definition
| carpal (wrist bone), tarsal (ankle bone) |
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Definition
| Sternum (breastbone), scapula (shoulder blade) |
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Definition
| Vertebra (backbone), stapes (a bone of the middle ear) |
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Definition
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| break down bone cells to transform them as needed. |
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Definition
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Definition
spongy bone
Medullary cavity/bone marrow (myel/o) |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| epiphysis and epiphyseal plates together |
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Term
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Definition
(pl. foramina) (foramin/o)
An opening or hole |
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Term
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Definition
(pl. fossae) (foss/o)
A hollow or depression, especially on the surface of the end of a bone |
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Term
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Definition
(pl. sinuses) (sinus/o, sin/o)
Cavity or channel lined with a membrane |
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Definition
(condyl/o)
Rounded projection at the end of a bone that anchors ligaments and articulates with adjacent bones |
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Definition
| Narrow elongated elevation |
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Definition
(epicondyl/o)
Projection on the surface of the bone above the condyle |
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Definition
| Rounded, usually proximal portion of some long bones |
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Term
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Definition
| spin/o: Thornlike projection |
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Definition
(trochanter/o)
One of two bony projections on the proximal ends of the femurs that serve as points of attachment for muscles |
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Definition
(tubercul/o)
Nodule or small raised area |
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Definition
| Elevation or protuberance larger than a tubercle |
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Definition
| ridge of bone (iliac crest) |
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Definition
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Definition
| knuckle-shaped portion of bone, generally found in association with a joint |
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Definition
| projection of bone (spinous process) |
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Definition
| small, rounded projection (deltoid tubercle) |
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Definition
| large, rounded projection (ischial tuberosity) |
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Term
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Definition
| rounded orifice in bone (olfactory foramen); passageway for blood vessels and nerves |
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Definition
| cavity within a bone (nasal sinus) |
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Definition
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Term
| Chondr/o is a combining form for |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
Made up of two parts:
cranium and
facial bones |
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Definition
| skull, rib cage, vertebrae |
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Definition
(crani/o)
Frontal bone
Parietal bone
Occipital bone
Temporal bone
Ethmoid bone
Sphenoid bone |
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Term
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Definition
Zygoma (zygom/o, zygomat/o): cheekbone
Lacrimal bones (lacrim/o)
Corner of eye; cradle tear ducts
Maxilla (maxill/o)
Upper jaw bone
Mandible (mandibul/o)
Lower jaw bone
Vomer (vomer/o)
Palatine bones (palat/o)
Inferior nasal conchae |
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Term
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Definition
| cost/o: 12 pairs - True ribs, False ribs, Floating ribs, Sternum |
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Term
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Definition
1st seven pairs
Attached directly to the breastbone (sternum) in the front of the body |
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Definition
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Definition
| not attached in the front |
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Definition
(stern/o)
AKA: breastbone
Xiphoid process: inferior point |
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Term
| Spinal or Vertebral Columb |
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Definition
26 bones = vertebrae
Spinous process (spin/o)
Laminar (lamin/o) process
Vertebral body
Transverse process |
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| The term for the tail bone is the: |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
(scapul/o)
Acromion process
Forms highest point on shoulder |
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Term
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Definition
(clavicul/o, cleid/o)
Collarbone |
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Term
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Definition
| humer/o: Appendicular Bone |
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Term
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Definition
| radi/o, uln/o: Appendicular Bone |
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Term
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Definition
| olecran/o: elbow, Upper Appendicular Bone |
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Term
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Definition
| carp/o: 8 wrist bones, Upper Appendicular Bones |
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Term
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Definition
| metacarp/o: Upper Appendicular Bones |
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Term
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Definition
| phalang/o: Upper Appendicular Bones |
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Term
| Lower Appendicular Skeleton |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| pelv/i, pelv/o: Ilium, Ischium, and Pubis |
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Term
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Definition
Ilium (ili/o) –
Superior and widest bone of pelvis
Do not confuse with ileum (sm. Intestines) |
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Definition
(ischi/o)
Lower portion of the pelvic bone |
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Definition
(pub/o)
Lower anterior part of the pelvic bone |
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Definition
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Definition
| patell/o, patell/a: knee cap |
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| Processes on distal ends of the tibia and fibula |
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| The term for the upper arm bone is the: |
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Definition
| Range of motion: Synarthoses, Amphiarthroses, and Diarthroses |
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Definition
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Definition
| synovial: Free movement, Bursa, and Meniscus |
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Term
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Definition
Ball-and-socket joints (hip)
Hinge joint (knee) |
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Term
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Definition
| pl. bursae: sacs of fluid |
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Definition
(pl. menisci)
Crescent-shaped cartilage in the knee joint – cushion joint |
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Definition
(my/o, myos/o, muscul/o): tissue composed of cells with the ability to contract and relax.
Skeletal muscles, Smooth muscles, and Heart muscles |
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Term
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Definition
(rhabd/o/my/o)
Striated and allows the skeleton to move voluntarily |
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Definition
(lei/o/my/o)
Responsible for involuntary movement of the organs |
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Definition
(myocardi/o or cardiomy/o)
Pumps blood to the circulatory system |
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Definition
(tend/o, tendin/o, ten/o)
Tendons attach muscles to bones |
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Definition
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Definition
| Muscle that flexes upper arm |
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Definition
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Definition
| Triangular muscle in upper back |
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Definition
| Upper leg muscle that carries one leg back to the midline. |
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Definition
| Muscle that originates in the sternum and collarbone and inserts on the mastoid process. |
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Definition
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Definition
ex- = out
tens/o = stretching
-ion = process of
Process of stretching out; increasing the angle of a joint |
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Definition
Flex/o = bending
-ion = process of
Process of decreasing the angle of a joint |
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Definition
| Process of carrying toward or “adding” to the midline |
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Definition
| Carrying away from the midline |
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Definition
| “Turning the palm or medial side of the foot upward |
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Definition
| Turning the palm or lateral side of the foot downward |
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Definition
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Definition
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| forward movement of muscle |
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Definition
| backward movement of muscle |
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Definition
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Definition
| process of carrying around; the circular movement of the disatal end of a limb around its point of attachment |
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| A patient who experiences pain when stretching out his leg has problems with: |
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| fibula, lower lateral leg bone |
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| phalanx, one of the bones of the fingers or toes |
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Definition
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| radius, lower lateral arm bone |
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| spin/o, rachi/o, vertebr/o |
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Definition
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Definition
| spin/o, rachi/o, vertebr/o |
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| Disorder of the development of cartilage at the epiphyses of the long bones and skull resulting in dwarfish |
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Definition
Group of disorders characterized as an inherited progressive *atrophy of skeletal muscle without neural involvement
*a- = without
troph = nourishment
-y = process of |
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| Malformation of spinal canal |
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| Rickets, Softening of bone |
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Definition
(oste/o=bone; myel=bone marrow; it is=inflammation)
Inflammation of bone and bone marrow |
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Definition
(oste/o=bone; por/o=passage; -osis=abnormal condition)
Loss of bone mass, which results in the bones being fragile and at risk of fracture
Osteopenia |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| Inflammation of the cartilage of the ribs |
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Definition
| any abormal condition of a joint (-osis = abnormal condition). |
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Definition
| small sac (a cyst) filled with synovial fluid in the popliteal area of the leg (back of the knee) |
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Term
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Definition
Inflammation of the
Bursa (sacs of fluid
that cushion a joint) |
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Term
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Definition
| crackling sound that may be heard in the joints. |
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Term
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Definition
| (phyt/o = growth) is an abnormal condition of bony growths in a joint. |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of a tendon. |
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Term
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Definition
| Fairly common, painful enlargement and inflammation of the first metatarsophalangeal joint |
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Term
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Definition
Carpal Tunnel syndrome. Compression injury of the median nerve
Surgery = CTR (carpal tunnel release) |
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Term
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Definition
Temporomandibular joint
disorder: Dysfunctional joint accompanied by gnathalgia, or jaw pain |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Degenerative joint disease |
|
|
Term
| What is the term for softening of the cartilage? |
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
dors/o = back
-algia = pain |
|
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Term
|
Definition
lumb/o = lumbar
-ago = disease |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Lateral “S” curve of spine: Lordosis and Kyphosis |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| aka: “swayback” Exaggerated anterior curve of the lumbar vertebrae (lower back) |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| aka: “hunchback” Extreme posterior curvature of the thoracic area of the spine. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| (ankyl/o = stiffening) is a chronic inflammatory disease of idiopathic (unknown) origin, which causes a fusion of the spine. |
|
|
Term
| Herniated intervertebral disk |
|
Definition
| protrusion of central part of the disk that lies between the vertebrae, resulting in compression of the nerve root and pain |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| (-listhesis = slipping) is a condition resulting from the partial forward dislocation of one vertebra over another. |
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Term
|
Definition
| (stenosis is an abnormal condition of narrowing) is a painful condition of a narrowing of the spinal canal that may be caused by osteoarthritis or spondylolisthesis. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| abnormal condition characterized by stiffening of the joints between the vertebrae. |
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Term
|
Definition
Inflammation of the sciatic nerve
Pain, tenderness along course of nerve through the thigh and leg
May result in atrophy of lower leg muscles |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| chronic fixation of a joint in flexion. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| (fibr/o = fiber + my/o = muscle + -algia = pain) is a disorder that is characterized by musculockeletal pain, fatigue, muscle stiffness and spasms, and sleep disturbances. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| gravis (my/o = muscle + a- = without, no + -sthenia = condition of strength, gravis means severe) is a usually serious condition that is characterized by fatigue and progressive muscle weakness, especially of the face and throat. |
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Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the fascia (covering of the muscles) on the bottom of the foot. |
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Term
|
Definition
| (rhabdomy/o = striated muscle + -lysis = breakdown, destruction) is the breakdown of striated/skeletal muscle. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| (post- = after + lamin/o = lamina + -ectomy = removal) is a group of symptoms that occur together after the removal of a lamina to correct a spinal disorder. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Close/open, Pathologic, Comminuted, Compression, Colles, Complicated |
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Term
|
Definition
| (also called simple fractures) are those in which the bone is broken, but the skin remains intact. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Open fracture (also called compound fractures) are those in which the bone is broken and one or both ends pierce the skin. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| one that results from an underlying disease, such as osteoporosis or cancer. A synonym is a spontaneous fracture. |
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Term
|
Definition
| those in which the bone is crushed and/or shattered into multiple pieces. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| one in which the bone collapses on itself. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| occurs at the distal end of the radius at the epiphysis. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| one in which the bone is broken and one or both ends then pierce an internal organ. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| the ends of the broken bones are driven into each other. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| minor fracture appearing as a thin line on an x-ray. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| the bone is partially bent and partially broken. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| fracture occurs at the epiphyseal plate in children. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Traumatic injury to ligaments of a joint, including tearing of a ligament |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Overstretching of muscle or a tendon (lesser injury than a sprain) |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Bone completely out of place |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Bone partially out of the joint |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
STAT surgical procedure
Result of swelling within the fascia
May lead to nerve and muscle damage |
|
|
Term
| What type of fx (fracture) is at the distal end of the radius? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal condition of bony growth. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Benign bone tumor, usually of compact bone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Tumor of the cartilage, usually in children or adolescents |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Benign tumor of smooth muscle; Most common is in the uterus, termed a fibroid. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Benign tumor of striated/voluntary/skeletal muscle. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Ewing sarcoma
Malignant tumor of the bone |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Malignant tumor of the cartilage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Malignant tumor of smooth muscle. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Highly malignant tumor of skeletal muscle. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Clavicular fractures
Fractures of the arms and legs
Sprains, strains, dislocations, subluxations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Osteoarthritis
Osteoporosis
Fractures
Cancer |
|
|
Term
| A malignant tumor of cartilage is a/n |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| X-ray recording of a joint |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Visual examination of a joint, accomplished by use of an arthroscope. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Computed tomography: Imaging technology the records transverse planes of the body for diagnostic purposes |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Electromyography: Procedure that records the electrical activity of muscles |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Magnetic resonance imaging: Procedure that uses magnetic properties to record detailed information about internal structures |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| X-ray of spinal canal done after injection of contract medium |
|
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Term
|
Definition
(radiograph)
Imaging technique using electromagnetic radiation for recording internal structures. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Bone does not mend and realign correctly |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
open reduction Internal fixation: Incision made
Use plates, screws, etc |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
closed reduction external fixation: No incision made
Devices external to the body that offer traction |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An artificial body part that is constructed to replace missing limbs, eyes, and other body parts is called a prosthesis (pl. prostheses). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(clasis: intentional break)
Refracture of a bone, usually
done if a bone has a malunion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Surgical repair of a bone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Process of pulling a body part into correct alignment, as to correct a dislocation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Minimally invasive surgical procedure
Address pain of fractured vertebrae
Balloon inflated in area of fracture
Cement-like substance injected
Pain relief immediate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Removal of the bony arches of one or more vertebrae to relieve compression of the spinal cord. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(arthr/o=joint; centesis=surgical puncture)
Surgical puncture of a joint to remove fluid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(arthr/o=joint; desis=binding)
Surgical binding or stabilization of a joint. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Surgical repair of a joint |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The binding or stabilization of a joint is: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| manage symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| affect bone formation to treat diseases such as osteoporosis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Disease-modifying antiheumatic drugs: Slow progression of rheumatoid arthritis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Relieve pain caused by muscle spasms by relaxing skeletal muscles. |
|
|
Term
| Which type of medication is used to treat pain? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Anterior cruciate ligament |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Above the knee amputation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Below the knee amputation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Closed reduction external fixation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Closed reduction internal fixation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Open reduction internal fixation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Magnetic resonance imaging |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Proximal interphalangeal joint |
|
|
Term
| Integumentary System Function |
|
Definition
First line of defense
Temperature regulation
Sensation
Synthesis of vitamin D
Elimination of waste |
|
|
Term
| Integumentary system specialty |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| derm/o, dermat/o, cutane/o, cut/o |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| strata: Epidermis, Dermis/corium, Hypodermis or the subcutaneous layer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| outermost layer of the skin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| hypodermis or the subcutaneous layer |
|
Definition
Layer of connective tissue
Mainly adipose tissue (fat) |
|
|
Term
| Composition of the epidermis |
|
Definition
Stratified squamous (squam/o) epithelium
Basal (bas/o) layer: stratum germinativum
Stratum corneum (corne/o) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| epidermis: melanin = Pigment produced to protect from ultraviolet light |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Composed of vascular connective tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Blood and lymphatic vessels
Nerves
Hair follicles (follicul/o)
Sebaceous (sebac/o)
Sudoriferous glands (sudor/i) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| adipose tissue (adip/o) -fat tissue |
|
|
Term
| The hair follicles are located in the: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pores
Perspiration (hidr/o)
Location: Dermis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(seb/o)
Oily, acidic substance which helps to lubricate hair and the surface of the skin. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(trich/o, pil/o)
Follicles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(follicul/o)
Shaft
Papilla (papill/o) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(onych/o, ungu/o)
Nail body
Nail root
Nail bed
Lunula
Eponychium (cuticle) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which layer of the skin is largely avascular? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Early skin changes that have not yet undergone natural evolution of change caused by manipulation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Result of natural evolution or manipulation of a primary lesion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Nodule filled with a semisolid material |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Palpable, solid lesion, less than 2 cm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Blood trapped in tissue and palpable to the examiner |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Tiny bruises within the dermal layer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Wasted skin often occurring in the aged or as stretch marks from rapid weight gain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Scar that is an overgrowth of tissue at the site of an injury |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cracklike lesion of the skin, such as an anal fissure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Craterlike lesion of the skin or mucous membrane resulting from necrosis (tissue death). |
|
|
Term
| The term for a blister is a/an: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The term for a scar is a/an |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| combining form for fungus is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thickening of the stratum corneum (remember that top layer of the epidermis?) that occurs wherever there are areas of pressure or friction. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Horny mass of condensed epithelial cells overlying a bony prominence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
pressure sore or bedsore or
pressure ulcer
Sore in the skin over a bony prominence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Dry skin that has the scaly appearance of a fish.
Xeroderma |
|
|
Term
| The term that means an abnormal condition of fungus in the nails is: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| first, second, third, and fourth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| superficial thickness: Only first layer of skin, epidermis, is damaged |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
burn/Partial thickness burn
Superficial partial thickness
First (epidermis) and second (part of the dermis)
Deep partial thickness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
full thickness
Epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Fourth/deep full thickness
Burn beyond the subcutaneous tissue into the muscle and bone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| used to describe the percentage of the body that is affected by a burn by dividing the body into multiples of 9. |
|
|
Term
| The epidermis only is damaged in which type of burn? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
angi = vessel
oma = mass/vessel
Hemangioma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(lip=fat; -oma=tumor)
Fatty tumor that is a soft, movable, subcutaneous nodule |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
aka: Mole
Dysplastic
ABCDE
Abnormal changes could give rise to concern for progression to malignancy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Squamous cell carcinoma: Second most common type of skin cancer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Kaposi sarcoma: Rare form of skin cancer that takes the form of red/blue/brown/purple nodules, usually on the extremities.
AIDS patients |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Entire tumor removed with borders as a means of diagnosis and treatment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cutting into; excise a wedge of tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Aspiration of fluid from lesions using a syringe |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| “Punch” is inserted through to the subcutaneous tissue; tissue is cut off at the base. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Instrument used to remove split-skin grafts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| autograft, allograft, and xenograft |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Section of skin transferred from one location to an immediately adjacent one. Also called a skin graft. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Split-thickness skin graft: Skin graft in which the epidermis and parts of the dermis are used |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Full-thickness skin graft: Free skin graft in which full portions of both the epidermis and the dermis are used |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Destruction of tissue by burning with heat. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Destruction of tissue through the use of extreme cold, usually liquid nitrogen. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Scraping of material from the wall of a cavity or other surface to obtain tissue for microscopic examination; done with instrument = curette |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| First step in wound treatment, involving removal of dirt, foreign bodies (FB), damaged tissue and cellular debris from the wound or burn to prevent infection and to promote healing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Surgical incision into necrotic tissue resulting from a severe burn. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Incision and drainage: Cutting open and removing the contents of a wound, cyst or other lesion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Surgical repair of the eyelid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Surgical procedure to resurface the skin; used to remove acne scars, nevi, wrinkles and tattoos |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Transplant of living skin to correct effects of injury, operation or disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Technique for removing adipose tissue with a suction pump device. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Face-lift
Surgical operation to remove wrinkles. |
|
|
Term
| What is the destruction of tissue by burning |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hypodermic: under the skin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Intramuscular: w/in a muscle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Intradermal: w/in the dermis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Injection into the fat layer beneath the skin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drug applied directly onto the skin as a cream, gel, lotion or ointment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Transdermal therapeutic system: Transdermal patch (nitroglycerin for angina) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Split thickness skin graft |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Full thickness skin graft |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| gastrointestinal system specialty |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| gastrointestinal system specialists |
|
Definition
Gastroenterologist
Dentist
Exodontist
Periodontist/pedodontist
Proctologist |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| middle layer of GI System |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Contractions and relaxations in the intestines in a wavelike movement to move food through the digestive tract. |
|
|
Term
| Which process of the GI system refers to the breakdown of food? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| process of the GI system refers to the extraction of nutrients? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| palat/o: roof of the mouth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (sialaden/o) and saliva (sial/o: parotid, sublingual, and submandibular |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(pharyng/o)
Nasopharynx, Oropharynx and Hypopharynx
Tube that connects the oral cavity with the esophagus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(esophag/o)
Bolus and lower esophageal sphincter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Lower esophageal sphincter/cardiac sphincter/gastroesophageal sphincter: Muscle that relaxes before food enters the stomach |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a ringlike muscle: sphincters appear in other parts of the body as well, for example, in the urinary system and the eye. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cardia > Fundus > Body (Rugae in body) > Pylorus > Chyme |
|
|
Term
| Stomat/o is a combining form for the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cheil/o is a combining form for the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Three parts of a small intestine |
|
Definition
| Duodenum > Jejunum > Ileum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(duoden/o)
First part (proximal) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(ile/o)
Third part (distal) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(cec/o) – first part of the large intestines
Ileocecal sphincter
Vermiform appendix
(appendic/o, append/o) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (an/o) (proct/o is for anus and rectum) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cecum (Ileocecal sphincter and Vermiform) > Ascending color > Transverse colon > descending colon > Sigmoid colon > Rectum > Anus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| adnexa: liver, gallbladder, and pancreas |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bil/i, chol/e: emulsifies fats - Bile is composed of bilirubin and cholesterol |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| RUQ: Bile in liver> bile ducts? hepatic duct > joins w/cystic duct from the gallbladder to form the common bile duct (choledoch/o) > empties bile into the duodenum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
cholecyst/o: Located under the liver in the RUQ
Stores bile from the liver |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
pancreat/o: RUQ and LUQ
Exocrine function of the
pancreas is key in the
digestion of:
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids |
|
|
Term
| A combining form for the gallbladder is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A combining form for the common bile duct is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Terms Related to Upper Gastrointestinal Complaints |
|
Definition
| Nausea, Regurgitation, Vomiting, N&V |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| -Return of swallowed food to the mouth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(vomitus/emesis)
Hemat / emesis – blood in the vomit |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Terms Related to Lower Gastrointestinal Complaints |
|
Definition
| Constipation v. Obstipation, Diarrhea, Flatus, Hematochezia, Melena, Irritable bowel syndrome |
|
|
Term
| Constipation vs. obstipation |
|
Definition
| extreme constipation: Infrequent, incomplete to delayed bowel movement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal discharge of watery, semisolid stools. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Irritable bowel syndrome: diarrhea, gas and /or constipation resulting from stress w/no underlying disease |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is a symptom of black, tarry stools? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Congenital Disorder: Failure of palate to close during embryonic development, creating an opening in the roof of the mouth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A = without -tresia = opening
Esophagus ends in a blind pouch – no opening to stomach
Must create a “-stomy” repair |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Megacolon: congenital absence of normal nervous function in part of the colon, resulting in an absence of peristaltic movement, accumulation of feces, and an enlarged colon. A synonym is congenital megacolon (mega- = large). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| narrowing of the pyloric sphincter muscle, which prevents partially digested food from passing into the duodenum. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cheil = lips
-itis = inflammation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cheil = lips
-osis = abnormal condition |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Mal = bad, poor
-occlusion = condition of closure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| maxillomandibular fixation [wiring the mouth shut] |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| film of material that coats the teeth and may lead to decay if not removed. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Gingiv/o = gums
-itis = inflamation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Py/o = pus
-rrhea = flow, discharge |
|
|
Term
| An inflammation of the gums is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Dys = difficult, bad
-phagia = condition of swallowing, eating |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Gastroesophageal reflux disease: Flowing back of contents of the stomach to the esophagus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the stomach |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Peptic ulcer disease: Erosion of protective mucosal lining of the stomach or duodenum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Appendic/o = appendix
-itis = inflammation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Periton/o = peritoneum
-itis = inflammation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cracklike lesion of the skin around the anus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal channel between organs or from an internal organ to the surface of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Varicose vein in the lower rectum or anus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Benign growth that may occur in intestines |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Proct/o = rectum and anus
-itis = inflammation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Chronic condition of itching of the skin surrounding the anus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the colon. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an inflammation of the ileum or the colon that is of idiopathic origin. Also called regional or granulomatous enteritis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inflammatory bowel disease: chronic inflammation of the lining of the intestine characterized by bleeding and diarrhea. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chronic inflammation of the colon and rectum manifested by bouts of profuse watery diarrhea. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Diverticul/o = diverticulum
-osis = abnormal condition
-itis = inflammation
Diverticula are pouches in the lining of the colon. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
3 types:
Intussusception, Paralytic ileus, and Volvulus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inward telescoping of the intestines |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Lack of peristaltic movement in the intestinal tract. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Twisting of the intestine |
|
|
Term
| A twisting of the intestines: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Varicose veins in the lower rectum or anus: |
|
Definition
| Varicose veins in the lower rectum or anus: |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cholangi/o = bile vessel -itis = inflammation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cholecyst/o = gallbladder
-itis = inflammation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Choledoch/o = common bile duct
-lith = stone -iasis = presence of |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Chol/e = gall, bile
Lith/o = stones -iasis = presence of |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chronic degenerative disease of the liver, usually associated with alcohol abuse. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A: is transmitted through direct contact with fecally contaminated food or water.
B: transmitted through contaminated blood or sexual contact.
C: transmitted through blood transfusions, percutaneous inoculation, or through the sharing of infected needles. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pancreat/o = pancreas -itis = inflammation of |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following disorders involves the presence of stones? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following disorders involves the common bile duct? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the protrusion of a loop of intestine through the femoral canal into the groin. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| protrusion of part of the stomach through the diaphragm. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| protrusion of a loop of bowel through the inguinal canal. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| protrusion of the intestine and omentum (a fold of the peritoneum) through the abdominal wall. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
tumor of the blood vessels
Hem/o = blood
Angi/o = vessel
-oma = tumor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
smooth muscle tumor
Leiomy/o = smooth muscle
-oma = tumor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Benign growth that may occur in the intestines. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Aden/o = gland
Carcinoma = cancerous tumor of epithelial tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Squamous cell carcinoma: Carcinoma that arises from the cells that cover the surfaces of the body. |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following tumors begins in the teeth? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Barium enema: imaging of the lower digestive tract after the introduction of a barium sulfate solution through the anus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cholecyst/o = gallbladder
-graphy = process of recording |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Computed Tomography Scan: Radiographic technique that “slices” or cross-sections the body. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Internal visualization of the body with an instrument (scope) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| X-ray procedure that allows visualization of structures in real time on a monitor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| High-frequency sound waves used to image deep structures of the body. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Removal and examination of living tissue from the body for diagnostic purposes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fecal exam to test for microorganisms in the feces, such as worms, amoebae, bacteria and protozoa |
|
|
Term
| Which diagnostic procedure would be used to determine if blood was present in the stool? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Nondecodable word, but know its definition
Anastamosis = new connection created between two (usually hollow) structures |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
new opening
When the surgeon anastamoses the two pieces of intestines, he/she creates a “new opening” between the remaining intestines. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Surgery to control morbid obesity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Surgical removal of the gallbladder |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Stoma: surgical redirection of the bowel to a stoma, an artificial opening on the abdominal wall. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Gastr/o = stomach
-ectomy = removal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Lapar/oscopic cholecystectomy
Lapar / o = abdomen
-scopic = use of an instrument to view
Cholecyst = gallbladder
-ectomy = excision or removal of
Using an instrument to view the abdomen, the gallbladder will be excised.
Abbreviated: Lap Chole |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical incision of the abdominal wall as a surgical approach. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Ligat/o = tying -tion = process of
Tying off of a blood vessel or duct |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Surgical destruction of adhesions (scar tissue that binds two anatomic surfaces). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| procedure in which a tube is placed through the nose, down the throat, and ending in the stomach. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical puncture to remove fluids from a body cavity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| incision of the pyloric sphincter (muscle) to correct pyloric stenosis, the abnormal narrowing of this muscle. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical repair of the mouth |
|
|
Term
| What is removed in an odontectomy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Esophagogastroduodenoscopy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Gastroesophageal reflux disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| maxillomandibular fixation (wiring the mouth shut) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Common bile duct exploration |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Intraoperative cholangiogram |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| laparotomy OR laparoscopy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| laparoscopic cholecystectomy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Incision and Drainage (infected wound) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Medical Imaging Procedures |
|
Definition
| Usually performed before the patient enters the operating room to confirm a diagnosis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Positron Emission Tomography scan |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Kidney, Ureter, Bladder (x-ray) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abdominoperineal resection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| carry urine from the kidney to the bladder |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is the tube that conducts urine out of the body. |
|
|
Term
| The act of releasing urine is called: |
|
Definition
Urination
Micturition
Voiding |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(ureter/o)
Move urine from the kidneys to the bladder |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(cyst/o, vesic/o)
Sac that stores urine until it is excreted |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(trigon/o)
Triangular area in the bladder between the ureters’ entrance and the urethral outlet |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(urethr/o)
Tube that conducts urine out of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(meat/o)
Opening in the urethra |
|
|
Term
| The combining form for the tubes between the kidneys and the bladder is: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The two combining forms for the kidney are: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
retroperitoneal
Behind the lining of the abdominal cavity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cortex, medulla, renal pelvis, calyx/calix, and hilum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (hil/o) – ureter, renal vein and artery enter the kidney |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| suffix that means urinary condition |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| space between external genitalia and the anus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| dilation of the renal pelvis caused by an accumulation of pus would be |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cavity containing pus and surrounded by inflamed tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Accumulation of fluid in the tissues (swelling); can result from kidney failure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
azot/o = nitrogen -emia = blood condition
Condition of excessive nitrogenous compounds, including urea, in the blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| excessive urination at night |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| excessive urination at night |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inability to release urine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Intense sensation of the need to urinate immediately |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Hyperglycemia
Glycosuria
Water and electrolyte loss
Ketoacidosis
Possible coma |
|
|
Term
| Poly/cyst/ic kidney disease |
|
Definition
Inherited
Bilateral
Enlargement due to cysts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Severe pain associated with kidney stones lodged in the ureter. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Urinary tract infection: Infection anywhere in the urinary system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Stones anywhere in the urinary tract
Also called urinary calculi |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Stones in the kidney
Also called kidney stones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Hardening of the arteries of the kidneys
also called nephrosclerosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Prolapse or sagging of the kidney |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the kidney |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pyel/o = renal pelvis
Nephr/o = kidney
-itis = inflammation
Infection/inflammation of the renal pelvis of the kidney |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
dilation of renal pelvis and calices
caused by an obstruction
Can cause renal failure |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following terms refers to a hardening of the arteries of the kidney? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following terms refers to an inflammation in the renal pelvis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Chronic kidney disease: formerly called chronic renal failure, CRF |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the urinary bladder |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| herniation of the urinary bladder |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the URETHRA |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Narrowing of the urethra
also called urethral stricture |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Ureter/o = ureter -cele = herniation
Prolapse of the terminal end of the ureter into the bladder |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal backflow of urine from the bladder to the ureter. |
|
|
Term
| A herniation of the tube that connects the kidneys to the bladder is a/n: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Also called Wilms Tumor
Cancerous tumors of the kidney, usually discovered around the child’s third birthday |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hypernephroma or adenocarcinoma of the kidney |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
UTI
Dehydration
Electrolyte imbalances |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
UTI
Dehydration
Electrolyte imbalances
Stress incontinence |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is a kidney cancer that occurs mainly in children? |
|
Definition
| Wilms tumor, or nephroblastoma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Urinalysis: A physical, chemical and/or microscopic examination of urine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Blood urea nitrogen: Blood test that measures the amount of nitrogenous waste in the circulatory system; an increased level is an indicator of kidney dysfunction |
|
|
Term
| Creatinine clearance test |
|
Definition
| test measures the rate at which the kidneys remove nitrogenous wastes from the blood by comparing its concentration in the blood and the urine over a 24-hour period. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Glomerular filtration rate: amount of blood that is filtered by the kidneys |
|
|
Term
| A BUN, a creatinine clearance test, and a GFR all measure the function of the: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Computed tomography scan: Tom/o - section, cutting
-graphy – process of recording - Computerized image that shows a three-dimensional image |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Intravenous urography or intravenous pyelography: Radiographic (X-ray) imaging of the kidney, ureters and bladder with a contrast medium |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Kidneys, ureters, and bladder: Radiographic imaging of the kidney, ureters and bladder without a contrast medium. |
|
|
Term
| What is a radiographic image of the kidneys, ureters and bladder with contrast medium? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a radiographic image of the kidney, ureters and bladder without contrast medium? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Taking a piece of tissue for microscopic study |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Visual examination of the urinary bladder using a cystoscope |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Visual examination of the urinary bladder and urethra using a cystoscope |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hollow, flexible tube that can be inserted into a vessel, organ or cavity of the body to withdraw or instill fluid. Catheters are frequently used in urinary procedures to drain urine or bypass a stricture. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Tubular device for supporting hollow structures during surgical anastomosis or for holding arteries open after angioplasty. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| laparoscope, cystoscope, and nephroscope |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| visualize peritoneal (abdominal) cavity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Instrument used to crush a calculus (stone) in the urinary bladder. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Machine that is used to crush stones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Used to measure urine output |
|
|
Term
| Which instrument is used to view the urinary bladder? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Trans/urethr/al procedures |
|
Definition
| Any procedure conducted through the urethra |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Destruction of adhesions of the urethra |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Incision of the urinary bladder |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| third part (distal end) of the small intestines. |
|
|
Term
| The destruction of adhesions in the urethra is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Any procedure conducted through the urethra. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Incision of the kidney to remove a kidney stone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Opening made into the kidney so that a catheter can be placed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Resection (removal) of the kidney |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Suspension or fixation of the kidney |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is a fixation of a kidney? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the above answers is a resection of the kidney? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD)
Hemodialysis using AV shunt/graft or AV fistula |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| decrease the pH of the urine to help prevent kidney stones. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| increase the pH of the urine to treat acidosis or move certain drugs or toxins out of the body. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fight infections in the urinary system. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| control urinary incontinence by delaying the urge to void, increasing bladder capacity, and relaxing the bladder muscles. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| anticholingeric drugs that relax the bladder for the treatment of urinary incontinence. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drugs that increase the formation of urine by promoting the excretion of water and sodium. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| help suppress urine formation |
|
|
Term
| Which type of drug is used to promote the excretion of urine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| transurethral resection of the bladder tumor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| transurethral resection of the prostate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| arteriovenous shunt/fistula |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Benign prostatic hypertrophy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| arteriovenous shunt/fistula |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Benign prostatic hypertrophy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Male Reproductive System Specialties |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(gonad/o)
Testis, testosterone, and seminiferous tubules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(test/o, testicul/o, orchid/o, orchi/o)
Male gonads
Paired organ (testicles) that produce gametes
Suspended in a sac – scrotum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| male sex hormone responsible for the growth and development of male sex characteristics |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Spermatozoon/spermatozoa (spermat/o)
Semen (semin/i) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(scrot/o)
Testes are suspended in the scrotum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(epididym/o)
Store spermatozoa |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(vas/o, duct/o)
Sperm leave the epididymis and travel through the right and left vas deferens during ejaculation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Includes the vas deferens, arteries, veins and nerves |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Testes → Vas deferens → Seminal vesicle →
Ejaculatory duct → Urethra → Urinary meatus |
|
|
Term
To survive and thrive during/after ejaculation,
sperm are nourished by fluid from these glands |
|
Definition
Seminal vesicles (vesicul/o)
Prostate gland (prostat/o)
Bulbourethral glands
Ejaculatory duct |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(pen/i, phall/o)
Glans penis (balan/o)
Prepuce (preputi/o) |
|
|
Term
| At birth, the glans penis is surrounded by a fold of skin called the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The structure that stores sperm is the: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| To survive, the sperm are nourished by fluid from a series of glands, and this is one of them. |
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| gland that surrounds the neck of the bladder and the proximal part of the urethra and produces a fluid that becomes part of semen |
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Orchid/o is a combining form for the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a combining form for the area where sperm are stored? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
an = without orch/o = testicle
Born without a testicle. |
|
|
Term
| Cyrptorchidism/cryptorchism |
|
Definition
Crypt/o = hidden
Orchid/o = testes
-ism = condition
Testicle fails to descend into the scrotum before birth. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Urethral opening on the dorsum (top) of the penis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Urethral opening on the ventral (bottom) of the penis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Tightening of the prepuce around the glans penis so that the foreskin cannot be retracted. |
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|
Term
| An opening on the ventral side (the under side) of the penis is a/an: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An opening in the dorsum (upper) side of the penis is a/an: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Condition of no living sperm in the semen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Condition of temporary or permanent deficiency of sperm in the seminal fluid; related to oligospermia |
|
|
Term
| Azoospermia is expected in a man who has had a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Accumulation of fluid in the tunica vaginalis testis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal dilation of the veins of the spermatic cord; can lead to infertility |
|
|
Term
| Which disorder is an accumulation of fluid in the tunica vaginalis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| INFLAMMATION of the epididymis |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Inflammation of the testicles
May be associated with the mumps |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| INFLAMMATION of the prostate |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| INFLAMMATION of the glans penis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Twisting of a testicle on its spermatic cord, usually caused by trauma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gynec/o = female mast/o = breast
-ia = condition
Enlargement of breast tissue in the male. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Erectile dysfunction: impotence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an abnormally prolonged erection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia or Hypertrophy: Abnormal enlargement of the prostate gland surrounding the urethra, leading to difficulty with urination |
|
|
Term
| What is the term for a twisting of a testicle on its spermatic cord? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Herpes genitalis: Form of the herpesvirus transmitted through sexual contact, causing recurring painful vesicular eruptions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Human papillomavirus: Virus that causes common warts of the hands and feet and lesions of the mucous membranes of the oral, anal and genital cavities.
Condyloma: genital wart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Nongonococcal urethritis: Inflammation of the urethra caused by Chlamydia trachomatis |
|
|
Term
| Which STD is caused by a gram-negative bacteria? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Adenocarcinoma of the prostate |
|
Definition
| formal term for prostate cancer. Malignant |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Terat/o = monster + -oma = tumor. A teratoma is a type of tumor that is named for its unusual appearance. Malignant Neoplasm. |
|
|
Term
| Male Reproductive Pediatric |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| male reproductive geriatric |
|
Definition
| prostate and erectile disorders |
|
|
Term
| Seminoma is a benign neoplasm of the male reproductive system. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Prostate-specific antigens |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the use of high-frequency sound waves to image the prostate. |
|
|
Term
| A diagnostic procedure to test for the presence of prostate cancer is: |
|
Definition
| PSA: prostate-specific antigen |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Removal of one or both testicles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Surgical procedure to mobilize an undescended testicle, attaching it to the scrotum.
Procedure to correct cryptorchidism |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Surgical procedure in which the prepuce (foreskin) of the penis is excised. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Removal of both gonads in the male or the female. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ligation of both of the vas deferens for the purpose of male sterilization |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Reanastamosis of vas deferens to reverse a vasectomy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Removal of the prostate gland |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Transurethral resection of the prostate
Removal of the prostate in sections through a urethral approach |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Removal of tissue by surgery, chemical destruction, cryoprobe, electrocautery or radiofrequency energy |
|
|
Term
| Which term means a fixation of a testicle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following would be used to treat herpes genitalis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Prostate-specific antigen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sexually transmitted disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Transurethral resection of the prostate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Transurethral resection of the bladder tumor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| light amplification by stimulated emission radiation |
|
|
Term
| Female Reproductive System Specialties |
|
Definition
| Obstetrics and Gynecology |
|
|
Term
| female reproductive specialists |
|
Definition
| obstetrician, gynecologist, and midwife |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| men/o: menarche and menopause |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(o/o, ov/i, ov/o) – female gamete
Ovulation (ovul/o + -ation) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(oophor/o, ovari/o) – organ that releases mature eggs
Female gonad |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pituitary secretion
Corpus luteum secretes:
Estrogen
Progesterone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cyclical release of an egg |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (hyster/o, metr/o, metri/o, uter/o) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| endometrium, myometrium, and perimetrium |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (endometri/o) – lining of the uterus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(myometri/o) – muscle layer
of uterus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| permiteri/o: outer layer of uterus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (cervic/o) – narrowed lower area or the “neck” of the uterus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(culd/o)
Also called Douglas’ cul-de-sac
Space in the pelvic cavity between the uterus and the rectum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(colp/o, vagin/o)
If the egg is not fertilized, the lining of the uterus is shed through the vagina by the process of menstruation (menses). |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is a combining form for the uterus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(vulv/o) – includes:
Vaginal opening
Hymen (hymen/o)
Labia (labi/o) – folds of skin
Minora
Majora
Clitoris (clitorid/o)
Bartholin glands (bartholin/o)
Mons pubis
Perineum (perine/o) – area between the opening of the vagina and the anus |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| area between the opening of the vagina and the anus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lining of the abdominal cavity |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
mammary papilla
(papill/o, thel/e) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dark colored skin surrounding the nipple |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is a combining form for the nipple? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| conception/fertilization of ovum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(gravid/o, -gravida, -cyesis)
zygote embryo fetus (fet/o) |
|
|
Term
| hormonal function of zygote |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Extraembryonic structures |
|
Definition
| amnion, chorion, placenta, and umbilical cord |
|
|
Term
| amnion and amnionic fluid |
|
Definition
| amni/o, amnion/o, -amnios |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(placent/o)
Highly vascular structure that acts as a physical communication between the mother and the embryo |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(umbilic/o, omphal/o)
Connects embryo to the placenta
Cut at birth to become umbilicus (belly button or navel) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
primi = first
-gravida = pregnancy
Pregnant for the first time |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(primi = first; -para = delivery)
Mother has delivered first baby |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Mother has delivered two or more babies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Woman who has never delivered a baby |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to before birth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to after birth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to after birth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to before delivery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to after delivery |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is a combining form for pregnancy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to after birth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to before delivery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to after delivery |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is a combining form for pregnancy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the ovaries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Polycystic ovary syndrome Poly = many
Cyst/o = sac
-ic = pertaining to |
|
|
Term
| Adhesions of the fallopian tubes |
|
Definition
| Scar tissue that binds tissue together |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| condition of blood in the fallopian tubes (hemat/o = blood + -salpinx = fallopian tube). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| condition of fluid in the fallopian tubes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| condition of pus in the fallopian tubes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an inflammation of the fallopian tubes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the endometrium |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal condition of the endometrium |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sagging uterus aka: uterine prolapse |
|
|
Term
| retro/flexion of the uterus |
|
Definition
Retro = backward flexion= bend process
Uterus is bent/tipped backward |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cervic/o = cervix
-itis = inflammation
Inflammation of the cervix |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Leuk/o = white
-rrhea = discharge, flow
Whitish discharge usually resulting from an inflammation of the cervix |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pro = forward -lapse = fall
Downward displacement of the vagina. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the vagina |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| idiopathic syndrome of complaints of pain (-dynia) of the vulva. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the vulva and the vagina. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Galact/o = milk
=rrhea – discharge
Abnormal discharge of milk from the breast |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the breast |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| downward placement of breast |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Inflammation of the nipple
(aka: Acromastitis) |
|
|
Term
| An inflammation of the external female genitalia is: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Condition in which the body of the uterus is bent backward is: |
|
Definition
| retroflexion of the uterus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| painful menstrual flow, cramps |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Abnormally light or infrequent menstrual flow |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormally frequent menstrual flow |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormally frequent menstrual flow |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Abnormally heavy or prolonged menstrual period |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Uterine bleeding other than that caused by menstruation; may be caused by a uterine tear. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Excessive menstrual flow and uterine bleeding other than that caused by menstruation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Premenstrual syndrome: Mood disorder that occurs 1-2 weeks before the menstrual flow. |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is a scanty or infrequent menstrual period? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is an excessive menstrual flow and uterine bleeding other than that caused by menstruation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cephalopelvic disproportion: Cephal/o = head
Infant’s head is larger than the pelvic outlet it must pass through, thereby inhibiting normal labor or birth. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Extremely serious form of hypertension secondary to pregnancy. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Abnormal condition of pregnancy with unknown cuase, marked by hypertension, edema and proteinuria.
(aka: Toxemia of pregnancy) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Termination of a pregnancy before the fetus is viable.
Spontaneous - miscarriage
Therapeutic - abortion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Implantation of the embryo in any location but the uterus. |
|
|
Term
| A pregnancy that takes place outside of the uterus is termed a/n: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Condition in which the mother is Rh negative and her fetus is Rh positive, causing the mother to form antibodies to the Rh-positive factor. |
|
|
Term
| Excessive amniotic fluid is: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Refers to fetal defacation while in utero and indicates fetal distress |
|
|
Term
| Fibroadenoma of the breast |
|
Definition
Fibr/o = fiber
Aden/o = gland
-oma = tumor
Noncancerous breast tumors composed of fibrous and glandular tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Benign condition of the palpable presence of single or multiple cysts in the breasts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Leiomy/o = smooth muscle
-oma = tumor
Smooth muscle tumors of the uterus
(aka: fibroids) |
|
|
Term
| Mature teratoma of the ovary |
|
Definition
| Also termed “dermoid cysts,” these usually noncancerous ovarian growth arise from germ cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Benign, fluid-filled sac in the ovary. |
|
|
Term
| Endometrial adenocarcinoma |
|
Definition
Endometri/o = endometrium -al = pertaining to
Aden/o = gland -carcinoma = cancer of epithelial origin
Most common cancer of the uterus which develops from cells that line the uterus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Leiomy/o = smooth muscle
-sarcoma = cancerous tumor of connective tissue
Rare type of cancer of the smooth muscle of the uterus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hysterosalpingography: X-ray in which contrast medium is used to image the uterus and fallopian tubes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Imaging technique for the early detection of breast cancer (aka: mammogram). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
High-frequency sound waves are used to image:
Pelvic – image pelvic area
Sonohysterography – image uterus
Transvaginal – pelvic cavity obtained through the use of a probe introduced into the vagina. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Endoscopic procedure used for a cervical/vaginal biopsy. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Endoscopic procedure used for biopsy of Douglas cul-de-sac. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Endoscopic procedure used for uterine procedures. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Endoscopic procedure to visualize female organs via the abdomen. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Removal of fluid and cells from the rectouterine pouch to detect dysplasia. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Exfoliative cytology procedure useful for the detection of vaginal and cervical cancer. |
|
|
Term
| Which procedure is a process of viewing the vagina? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Dilation and curettage: Cervix of the uterus will be widened (dilation) and a sharp scraping tool (currette) will be inserted to remove the lining of the uterus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Resection (removal) of the uterus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Suspension and fixation of a prolapsed uterus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Loop electrocautery excision procedure: Procedure done to remove abnormal cells in cervical dysplasia. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| removal of a tumor of the breast |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cosmetic repair of breast |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Reconstructive procedure to lift and fixate the breasts. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| resection of ovarian cyst |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| resection of fallopian tube |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Removal of the adhesions in the fallopian tubes to reestablish patency, with the goal of fertility. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| removal of the contents of the pelvic cavity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Suturing the cervix closed to prevent early delivery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cesarean section, C-section: Delivery of an infant through an abdominal incision |
|
|
Term
| Which is a term for the removal of an ovarian cyst |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Incision before vaginal delivery to widen the vaginal orifice to prevent tearing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Vaginal birth after C-section: Delivery of subsequent babies vaginally after a c-section. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| baby's feet or buttock first |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Rejoining of previously cut fallopian tubes to re-establish patency (reversal of tubal ligation) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sterilization procedure in which the fallopian tubes are cut, ligated and cauterized to prevent released ova from being fertilized by spermatozoa. |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following terms is a removal of adhesions from the fallopian tubes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| anterior posterior repair |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pelvic inflammatory disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Marshall, Marchetti, Kranz |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Tension-free vaginal taping |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Vaginal birth after cesarean section |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Total abdomina hysterectomy w/bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Right salpingo-oophorectomy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Left salpingo-oophorectomy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (erythr/o) = red blood cells (RBC) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (leuk/o) = white blood cells (WBC) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (thromb/o): clotting cells (platelets) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Hemoglobin
The vehicle for transportation of oxygen to tissues is a protein-iron pigment called hemoglobin. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Erythropoietin/erythropoiesis
Formation of red blood cells in the bone marrow
erythr / o = red
-poietin = forming substance
-poiesis = formation, production |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Coagulation
The process of changing a liquid to a solid (blood clotting)
Agglutination (agglutin/o)
Clump together
Hemostasis: control of blood flow; stop the bleeding. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the liquid portion of blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Mismatch between the fetus and mother can cause erythroblastosis fetalis |
|
|
Term
| The universal donor of blood groups is: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The universal recipient of blood groups is: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Role of agranulocytes: Monocytes and Lymphocytes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| destroy pathogens and collect debris from damaged cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lymph nodes are also called lymph glands |
|
Definition
(lymphaden/o)
Cervical, axillary (armpit), inguinal (groin) and mediastinal nodes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Tonsils, adenoids, appendix (append/o), spleen (splen/o), thymus (thym/o) gland |
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Definition
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Definition
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First line/nonspecific
Second line/nonspecific
Third line/specific immunity |
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Term
| Sneezing, coughing, and vomiting are examples of which level of immune defense? |
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Definition
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Definition
| an- = without -emia = blood condition |
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Definition
hypo = deficient
vol/o = volume
-emia = blood condition
Deficient volume of circulating blood |
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Term
| Which type of anemia is caused by the body’s destruction of its own RBCs? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Abnormal increase in WBCs |
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Definition
| Abnormal decrease in WBCs; deficiency of clotting cells. |
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Definition
| Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the interstitial spaces of tissues |
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Definition
| Accumulation of lymphatic fluid and resultant swelling caused by obstruction, removal or hypoplasia of lymph vessels |
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Term
| What is a group of inherited bleeding disorders characterized by a deficiency of one of the factors necessary for the coagulation of blood |
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Definition
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Definition
| inflammation of lymph nodes |
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Term
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Definition
| Disease of the lymph nodes or vessels that may be localized or generalized |
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Definition
| Inflammation of lymph vessels |
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Definition
| deficiency of lymphocytes |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal increase in lymphocytes |
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Term
| Which of the following is a term that means “disease of the lymph glands”? |
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Definition
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Definition
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: Caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Transmitted through body fluids |
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Definition
Ana – without -phylaxis – protection
Extreme form of allergic response in which the patient suffers severely decreased blood pressure and constriction of the airways. |
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Term
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Definition
| Radiographic visualization of a part of the lymphatic system after injection of a radiopague substance. |
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Term
| Which of the following is a term that means 1Cdisease of the lymph glands 1D? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Also known as a splenography
Radiographic visualization of the spleen with the use of a contrast medium |
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Term
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Definition
| Series of tests involving a patch, scratch or intradermal injection of an allergen to test for hypersensitivity |
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Term
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Definition
| Complete blood cell count: Twelve blood tests including RBC, and WBC counts, diff counts, Hb, Hct/PCV |
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Term
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Definition
| differential count: Measure of the numbers of the different types of WBCs |
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Term
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Definition
| Hemocrit/packed-cell volume: Measure of the percentage of RBCs in the blood |
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Term
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Definition
| Hemoglobin: Iron-containing pigment of RBCs that carries oxygen to tissues |
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Definition
| Prothrombin time:Test that measures the amount of time taken for clot formation. |
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Definition
| White blood cell count: Measurement of the number of leukocytes in the blood. |
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Term
| Which test measures the percentage of red blood cells in the blood? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Temporary removal of blood from a donor in which one or more components are removed, and the rest of the blood is reinfused into the donor. |
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Term
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Definition
| Autologous & Autotransfusion |
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Term
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Definition
| donor’s blood is removed and stored in anticipation of a future need |
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Term
| Which test measures the percentage of red blood cells in the blood? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Temporary removal of blood from a donor in which one or more components are removed, and the rest of the blood is reinfused into the donor. |
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Term
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Definition
| Autologous & Autotransfusion |
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Term
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Definition
| donor’s blood is removed and stored in anticipation of a future need |
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Term
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Definition
| donor is transfused with his/her own blood after anticoagulation and filtration, from an active bleeding site in cases of major surgery or trauma. |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
Bone marrow transplant : Autologous
& Homologous |
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Definition
| from a donor to a recipient |
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Term
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Definition
| Removal of the adenoids (pharyngeal tonsils) |
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Term
| biopsy of lymphatic structures |
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Definition
| Removal of the lymph nodes or lymphoid tissue as a means of diagnosis and treatment. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following can be used as a suffix or stand alone term to mean removal? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Drugs that prevent or delay the coagulation of blood |
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Term
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Definition
| Drugs that inhibit the function of platelets or destroy them. |
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