Term
|
Definition
| brings oxygen into the body for transportation to the cells |
|
|
Term
| upper resp. tract consists of ? |
|
Definition
| the nose, mouth, pharynx, epiglottis, larynx, and trachea. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is a wall of cartilage that divides the nose into two equal sections. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the thin hairs located just inside the nostrils, filter incoming air to remove debris. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| are teh specialized tissues that line the respiratory digestive reproductive and unrinary system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| which is secreted by the mucous membranes, protects and lubricates these tissues. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| are nerve endings that act as the recptors for the sense of smell. |
|
|
Term
paranasal sinuses
para- means near
nas means nose
-al pertaining to |
|
Definition
| are air-filled cavities lined with mucous membrane, and are located in the bones of the skull . |
|
|
Term
pharynx
a.k.a. the throat |
|
Definition
| receives the air after it passes through the nose. |
|
|
Term
nasopharynx
nas/o means nose
pharynx means throat |
|
Definition
| is the first divisoin, is posterior to the nasal cavity and continues downward to behind the mouth. it is used only by the resp. system for the transport of air and opens into the oropharynx |
|
|
Term
oropharynx
or/o means mouth
-pharynx means throat |
|
Definition
| is the 2nd division, the portion that is visible when looking into the mouth. The oropharynx is shared by the resp. and digestive systems and transports air, food, and fluidds downsward to the laryngopharynx. |
|
|
Term
laryngopharynx
laryng/o means larynx
-pharynx means throat |
|
Definition
| the 3rd division, air food, and fluids contiue downward to the openings of the esophagus and trachea where air enters the trachea and food and fluids flow into the esophagus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is a triangular chamber located b/t the pharynx and the trachea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is a lid like structure located at the base of the tongue, sweings downward and closes off the laryngopharynx so that food doesn not enter the trachea and the lungs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is the tube located directly in front of the esophagus that extends from the neck to the chest. |
|
|
Term
bronchi
singular- bronchus |
|
Definition
| are fomedwhere the trachea divides into two branches a.k.a. primary bronchi |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| are the smallest braches of the bronchi |
|
|
Term
alveoli
a.k.a. air sacs
singular - alveolus |
|
Definition
| are the very small grape like clusters found at the end of each brochiole |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| are the organs of resp. and are divided into lobes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is a subdivision or part of an organ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a detergent like substance which reduces the surface tension of the lungs. this allows air to flow over the lungs and be absorbed more easily |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is the cavity located between the lungs. it contains connective tissue and organs, including the heart and its veins and arteries, the esophagus, trachea, bronchi, the thymus gland and lyph nodes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is a thin, moist, and slippery membrane that covers the outer surface of the lungs and lines the inner surface of the rib cage. |
|
|
Term
parietal pleura
means relating to the walls of the cavity. |
|
Definition
| is the outer layer of the pleura that lines the walls of the thoracic cavity, covers the diaphragm, and forms the sac containing each lung. |
|
|
Term
visceral pleura
means relating to the internal organs. |
|
Definition
| is the inner layer of pleura that surrounds each lung. |
|
|
Term
pleural cavity
a.k.a. pleural space |
|
Definition
| is the airtight area between the layers of the pleural memebranes. this space contains a thin layer of fluid that allows the membranes to slide easily during breathing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is the muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdomen. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| stimulate the diaphragm and cause it to contract |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide that is essential to life. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is the act of bringing air into and out of the lungs and exchanging gases from this air. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is the exchange of gases within the cells of the body organs, cells, and tissues |
|
|
Term
otolaryngologist
a.k.a. ENT
ot/o means ear
laryng/o means larynx
-ologist means specialist |
|
Definition
| a physician with specialized training in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and disorders of the ears, nose, throat, and related structured of the head and neck |
|
|
Term
pulmonologist
pulmon means lung
-ologist means specialist |
|
Definition
| a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the lungs and associated tissues. |
|
|
Term
chronic bronchitis
bronch means bronchus
-itis means inflammation |
|
Definition
| the airways have become inflammed and thickened and there is an increase in the number and size or mucus producing cells. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is the progressive loss of lung function that is characterized by 1. a decrease in the total number of alveoli. 2. the enlargement of the remaining alveoli, and 3. the progressive destruction of the walls of the remaining alveoli. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is a chronic allergic disorder characterized by episodes of severe breathing difficulty,coughing and wheezing. these episodes are a.k.a. astmatic attacks |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is the swelling and clogging of the airways with mucus. this usually occurs after the airway has been exposed to inhaled allergens. |
|
|
Term
bronchospasm
bronch/o means bronchi
-spasm means involuntary contraction |
|
Definition
| is a contraction of the smooth muscle in the walls of the bronchi and bronchioles that tighten and squeeze the airway shut. |
|
|
Term
| exercise-induced bronchospasms ( EIB) |
|
Definition
| are the narrowing of the airways that develops after 5-15 mins. of physical exertion. this also can be due to cold weather or allergies. |
|
|
Term
allergic rhinitis
(allergy)
rhin means nose
-itis means inflammation |
|
Definition
| an allergic reaction to airborne allergens that causes an increased flow of mucus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is an acute respiratory syndrome in children and infants characterized by obstruction of the larynx, horseness, and a barking cough. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| now largely prevented through immuniation, is an acute bacterial infection of the throat and upper respiratory tract. it produces toxins that can damage the heart muscle and peripheral nerves. |
|
|
Term
epistaxis
a.k.a. nosebleed |
|
Definition
| is bleeding from the nose that isusually caused by an injury, excessive use of blood thinners, or bleeding disorders. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is an acute, highly contagious viral resp. infection that is spread by resp. droplets and occurs most commonly in epidemics during the colder months. |
|
|
Term
pertussis
a.k.a. whooping cough |
|
Definition
| is a contagious bacterial infection of the upper resp. tract that is characterized by recurent bouts og a paroxysmal cough, followed by breathlessness,and a noisy inspiration. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| means sudden or spasm-like |
|
|
Term
pharyngitis
a.k.a. sore throat |
|
Definition
| is an inflammation of the pharynx |
|
|
Term
laryngoplegia
laryng/o means larynx
-plegia means paralysis |
|
Definition
| is paralysis of the larynx |
|
|
Term
laryngospasm
laryng/o means larynx
-spasm means sudden involuntary contraction. |
|
Definition
| is the sudden spasmodic closure of the larynx |
|
|
Term
aphonia
a- means without
phon means voice or sound
-ia means abnormal condition |
|
Definition
| is the loss of the ability ofthe larynx to produce normal speech sounds |
|
|
Term
dysphonia
dys means bad
phon means voice or sound
-ia means abnormal condition |
|
Definition
| is any change in vocal quality, including hoarseness, weakness, or the cracking of a boy's voice during puberty. |
|
|
Term
laryngitis
laryng means larynx
-itis means inflammation |
|
Definition
| is an inflammation of the larynx. |
|
|
Term
tracheorrhagia
trache/o means trachea
-rrhagia means bleeding |
|
Definition
| is bleeding from the mucous membranes of the trachea |
|
|
Term
bronchorrhea
bronch/o means bronchus
-rrhea means abnormal flow |
|
Definition
| is an excessive discharge of mucus from the bronchi |
|
|
Term
pleurisy
a.k.a. pleuritis
pleur means pleura
-isy is a noun ending |
|
Definition
| an inflammation of the pleura that produces sharp chest pain w/ each breath. it can be caused by influenza or by damage to the lung beneath the pleura. |
|
|
Term
pleurodynia
pleur/o means pleura
-dynia means pain |
|
Definition
| is pain in the pleura that occurs in relation to breathing movements. |
|
|
Term
pneumothorax
pneum/o means lung or air
-thorax means chest |
|
Definition
| is the accumulation of air in the pleural space causing a pressure imbalance that prevents the lung from fully expanding or can cause it to collapse. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is the abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is the escape of fluid from blood or lymphatic vessels into the tissues or into a body cavity. |
|
|
Term
hemothorax
hem/o means blood
thorax means chest |
|
Definition
| a collection of blood in the pleural cavity. |
|
|
Term
hemoptysis
hem/o means blood
-ptysis means spitting |
|
Definition
| is coughing up of blood or bloodstained sputum dreived from the lungs or bronchial tubes as the result of a pulmonary or bronchial hemorrhage |
|
|
Term
pyothorax
py/o means pus
thorax means chest |
|
Definition
| is the presence of pus in the pleural cavity between the layers of the pleural membrane, this condition is a.k.a. empheyma of the pleural cavity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is a collection of pus within a body cavity |
|
|
Term
acute respiratory distress syndrome
(ARDS) |
|
Definition
| is not a specific disease. it is a form of the sudden onset of severe lung dysfunction affecting both lungs making breathing extremely difficult. it is caused by trauma, sepsis, diffuse pneumonia, or shock. |
|
|
Term
atelectasis
atel means incomplete
-ectasis means stretching or enlargement |
|
Definition
| is the collapse of part or all of a lung by blockage of the air passages or by very shallow breathing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is unable to expand to receive air due to a pneumothorax or atelectasis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is an accumulation of fluid in lung tissues. |
|
|
Term
pneumorrhagia
pneum/o means lungs
-rrhagia means bleeding |
|
Definition
| is bleeding from the lungs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, usually attacks the lungs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| can occur when a foreign substance, such as vomit, is inhaled into the lungs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| means inhaling or drawing a foreign substance into the upper respiratory tract. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| often caused by streptococcus pneumoniae, is the only form of pneumonia that can be prevented through vaccination. |
|
|
Term
mycoplasma pneumonia
a.k.a. walking pneumonia |
|
Definition
| is a milder but longer lasting form of the disease caused by the bacteria Mycoplasma pneumoniae. |
|
|
Term
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia |
|
Definition
| is an opportunistic infection caused by the fungus Pneumocystis carinii. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is caused by several different types of viruses, accounts for approximately half of all pneumonias. |
|
|
Term
| interstitial lung diseases |
|
Definition
| are a group of almost 200 diseases that cause inflammation and scarring of the alveoli and their supporting structures. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is another name for the inflammation and thickening of the walls of the alveoli. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is a condition in which normal tissue is replaced by fibrotic tissue |
|
|
Term
pneumoconiosis
pneum/o means lung
coni means dust
-osis means abnormal condition or disease. |
|
Definition
| is fibrosis of the lung tissues caused by dust in the lungs that usually develops after prolinged envioronmental or occupational contact. |
|
|
Term
antracosis
anthrac means coal dust
-osis means abnormal condtion or disease. |
|
Definition
a.k.a coal miner's pneumonconiosis or black lung disease.
it is caused by coal dust in the lungs |
|
|
Term
asbestosis
asbest means asbestos
-osis means abnormal condition or disease |
|
Definition
| is caused by asbestos particles in the lungs and usually occurs after working with asbestos. |
|
|
Term
byssinosis
byssin means cotten dust
-osis means abnormal condition or disease
|
|
Definition
a.k.a. brown lung disease
caused by inhaling cotten dust into the lungs and usually occurs after working in a textile factory. |
|
|
Term
silicosis
silic means glass
-osis means abnormal condition or disease |
|
Definition
| is caused by inhaling silica dust in the lungs and usually occurs after working in occupations including foundry work, quarrying, ceramics, glass work, and sandblastin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is the formation of scar tissue in the lung, resulting in decreased lung capacity and increased difficulty in breathing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is a genetic disorder in which the lungs and pancreas are clogged w/ large quantities of abnormally thick mucus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is a procedure in which a sample of mucus is coughed up from the lungs and then examined under a microscope to detect cancer cells. |
|
|
Term
Eupnea
eu- means good
-pnea means breathing |
|
Definition
| is easy or normal breathing |
|
|
Term
apnea
a- means without
-pnea means breathing |
|
Definition
| is the absence of spontaneous respiration |
|
|
Term
bradypnea
brady- means slow
pnea means breathing |
|
Definition
| is an abnormally slow rate of respiration usually of less than 10 breaths per minute. |
|
|
Term
tachypnea
tachy means rapid
pnea means breathing |
|
Definition
| is an abnormally rapid rate of respiration usually of more than 20 breaths per minute. |
|
|
Term
| cheyne stokes respiration |
|
Definition
| is a pattern of alternating periods of hypopnea of apnea followed by hyperpnea |
|
|
Term
dyspnea
dys means painful
pnea means breathing |
|
Definition
a.k.a. shortness of breath.
difficult or labored breathing |
|
|
Term
hyperpnea
hyper means excessive
-pnea means breathing |
|
Definition
| which is commonly associated with exertion, is breathing that is deeper and more rapid than is normal at rest. |
|
|
Term
hypopnea
hypo means decreased
pnea means breathing |
|
Definition
| is shallow or slow respiration |
|
|
Term
hyperventilation
hyper means excessive
-ventilation means breathing
|
|
Definition
| is an abnormally rapid rate of deep respiration that is usually associated with anxiety. |
|
|
Term
anoxia
an means without
ox means oxygen
ia means abnormal condition |
|
Definition
| the absence of oxygen from the body's gases, blood, or tissues. if it continues for more than 4-6 mins irreversible brain damage can occur. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is the condition that occurs when the body can't get the air it needs to function. |
|
|
Term
asphyxiation
a.k.a. suffocation |
|
Definition
| is any interruption of normal breathing resulting in asphyxia. it can be caused by airway obstruction, drowning, smothering, choking, or inhaling gases such as carbon monoxide instead of air. |
|
|
Term
cyanosis
cyan means blue
osis means abnormal condition or disease |
|
Definition
| is a bluish discoloration of the skin caused by lack of adequate oxygen. |
|
|
Term
hypercapnia
hyper means excessive
capn means carbon dioxide
ia means abnormal condition |
|
Definition
| is the abnormal buildup of carbon dioxide in the blood. |
|
|
Term
hypoxemia
hyp means deficient
ox means oxygen
-emia means blood |
|
Definition
| is a condition of having below normal oxygen level in the blood. |
|
|
Term
hypoxia
hyp means deficient
ox means oxygen
ia means abnormal condition |
|
Definition
| is the condition of having below normal oxygen levels in the body tissues and cells; |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is a condtion in which the level of oxygen in the blood becomes dangerously low or the level of carbon dioxide becomes dangerously high. |
|
|
Term
bronchoscopy
bronch/o means bronchus
-scopy means direct visual examination |
|
Definition
| is the visual examination of the bronchi using a bronchoscope |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is a flexible, fiber optic device that is passed through the nose and down the airways. |
|
|
Term
chest imaging
a.k.a. chest x-ray |
|
Definition
| is a valuable tool for diagnosing pneumonia, lung tumors, pneumothorax, pleural effusion, tuberculosis, and emphysema. |
|
|
Term
laryngoscopy
laryng/o means larynx
-scopy means a direct visual examination |
|
Definition
| is the visual examination of the larynx. inserted through the mouth and placed into the pharynx to examine the larynx. |
|
|
Term
polysomnography
poly means many
somn/o means sleep
-graphy means the process of recording. |
|
Definition
| measures physiological activity during sleep and is most often performed to detect nocturanl defects in breathing associated with sleep apnea. |
|
|
Term
pulmonary function tests
(PFT) |
|
Definition
| are a group of tests that measure volume and flow of air by utilizing a spirometer. these tests are measured against a norm for the individual's age, height, and sex. |
|
|
Term
spirometer
spir/o means to breathe
meter means to measure |
|
Definition
| is a recording device that measures the amount of air inhaled or exhaled and the length of time required for each breath. |
|
|
Term
pulse oximeter
ox/i means oxygen
meter means to measure |
|
Definition
| is an external monitor placed on the patient's finger or earlobe to measure the oxygen saturation level in the blood. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is phlegm ejected throught the mouth that can be examined for diagnostic purposes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is thick mucus secreted by the tissues lining the respiratory passages. |
|
|
Term
antitussive
anti means against
tuss means cough
-ive means performs |
|
Definition
| commonly known as cough medicine, it isadministered to prevent or relieve coughing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is a medication that expands the opening of the passages into the lungs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mixes a single dose of the medication with a puff of air and pushes it into the mouth via a chemical propellant |
|
|
Term
nebulizer
a.k.a. atomizer |
|
Definition
| pumps air or oxygen through a liquid medicine to turnit into a vapor, which is then inhaled by the patient via a face mask or mouth piece. |
|
|
Term
endotracheal intubation
endo means within
trache means trachea
-al means pertaining to |
|
Definition
| is the passage of a tube through the nose ormouth into the trachea to establish or maintain an open airway. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is the insertion of a tube, usually for the passage of air or fluids. |
|
|
Term
functional endoscopic sinus surgery
(FESS) |
|
Definition
| is a procedure performed using an endoscope in which chronic sinusitis is treated by enlarging the opening between the nose and sinus. |
|
|
Term
laryngectomy
laryng means larynx
-ectomy means surgical removal |
|
Definition
| is the surgical removal of the larynx |
|
|
Term
laryngoplasty
laryng means larynx
-plasty means surgical repair |
|
Definition
| is the surgical repair of the larynx. |
|
|
Term
pharyngoplasty
pharyng/o means pharynx
-plasty means surgical repair |
|
Definition
| is the surgical repair of the pharynx |
|
|
Term
pharyngotomy
pharyng means pharynx
-otomy means a surgical incision |
|
Definition
| is a surgical incision of the pharynx |
|
|
Term
septoplasty
sept/o means septum
-plasty means surgical repair. |
|
Definition
| is the surgical repair of alteration of parts of the nasal septum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is the surgical repair of the trachea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is the creation of a stoma into the trachea and inserting a tube to facilitate the passage of air or the removal of secretions. |
|
|
Term
tracheotomy
-otomy means surgical incision |
|
Definition
| is usually an emergency procedure in which an incision is made into the trachea to gain access to the airway below a blockage. |
|
|
Term
lobectomy
lob means lobe
-ectomy means surgical removal |
|
Definition
| is the surgical removal of a lobe of the lung. |
|
|
Term
pleurectomy
pleur means pleura
-ectomy means surgical removal |
|
Definition
| is the surgical removal of part of the pleura |
|
|
Term
pneumonectomy
pneumon means lung
ectomy means surgical removal |
|
Definition
| is the surgical removal of all or part of a lung |
|
|
Term
thoracentesis
thor/a means chest
-centesis means surgical puncture to remove fluid |
|
Definition
| is the surgical puncture of the chest wall with a needle to obtain fluid from the pleural cavity. |
|
|
Term
thoracostomy
thorac means thorax or chest
-ostomy means the surgical creation of an opening |
|
Definition
| is the surgical creation of an opening into the chest cavity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is a surgical treatment of lung cancer by removing all or part of a lung. |
|
|
Term
video assisted thoracic surgery
(VATS) |
|
Definition
| is the use of a video assisted thoracoscope to view the inside of the chest cavity through very small incisions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is a specialized endoscope used for treating the thorax. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a.k.a. abdominal breathing, a relaxation technique used to relieve anxiety. |
|
|
Term
CPAP device
(continuous positive airway pressure) |
|
Definition
a.k.a. positive pressure ventilation device.
it is a treatment for sleep apnea that includes a mask, tubes, and a fan to create air pressure that pushes the tongue forward to maintain an open airway. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| cheyne stokes breathing abbrev. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pneumocystis carnii pneumonia abbrev. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| positive pressure ventilation abbrev. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| sleep apnea syndromes abbrev. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| upper respiratory infection abbrev. |
|
Definition
|
|
