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Medical Terminology
Nervous System and Special Senses
43
Physiology
Undergraduate 4
10/03/2011
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Term
Afferent
 Definition
Carry or move inward or toward a central structure
Term
blood brain barrier
 Definition
protective mechanism that blocks specific substances found the blood-stream from entering delicate brain tissue
Term
central nervous system (CNS)
 Definition
network of nervous tissue found in the brain and the spinal cord
Term
efferent
 Definition
carry or move away from a central structure
Term
nerve fiber
 Definition
projection of a neuron, especially the axon that transmits impulses
Term
neurilemma
 Definition
additional sheath external to myelin that is formed by schwann cells and found only on axons in the peripheral nervous system
Term
ventricle
 Definition
chamber or cavity of an organ that receives or holds a fluid
Term
cranial nerves
 Definition
includes 12 pairs of nerves that emerge from the base of the skull and may act in either a motor capacity, sensory capacity or both
Term
spinal nerves
 Definition
includes 31 pairs of nerves that emerge from the spine and act in both motor and sensory capacities 
Term
brain
 Definition
center for thought and emotion, interpretation of sensory stimuli, and coordination of body functions
Term
spinal cord
 Definition
main pathway for transmission of information between the brain and body
Term
cerebr/o
 Definition
cerebrum
Term
crani/o
 Definition
cranium (skull)
Term
dendr/o
 Definition
tree
Term
encephal/o
 Definition
brain
Term
gangli/o
 Definition
ganglion (knot or knotlike mass)
Term
gli/o
 Definition
glue: neuroglial tissue
Term
kinesi/o
 Definition
movement
Term
lept/o
 Definition
thin, slender
Term
lex/o
 Definition
word, phrase
Term
mening/o
 Definition
meninges (membranes covering brain and spinal cord)
Term
myel/o
 Definition
bone marrow; spinal cord
Term
narc/o
 Definition
stupor; numbness; sleep
Term
neur/o
 Definition
nerve
Term
radicul/o
 Definition
nerve root
Term
sthen/o
 Definition
strength
Term
thalam/o
 Definition
thalamus
Term
thec/o
 Definition
sheath 
Term
ton/o
 Definition
tension
Term
ventricul/o
 Definition
ventricle (of heart or brain)
Term

-algesia

-algia

 Definition
pain
Term
-asthenia
 Definition
weakness, debility 
Term
-esthesia
 Definition
feeling 
Term
-kinesia
 Definition
movement
Term
-lepsy
 Definition
seizure
Term
-paresis
 Definition
partial paralysis
Term
-phasia
 Definition
speech
Term
-plegia
 Definition
paralysis 
Term
-taxia
 Definition
order, coordination
Term
pachy-
 Definition
thick
Term
para-
 Definition
near, beside; beyond
Term
syn-
 Definition
union, together, beyond
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