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| organs of the endocrine system |
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| adrenal glands, ovaries, pancreas(islets of langerhans), parathyroid glands, pineal gland, pituitary gland, testes, thymus gland, thyroid gland |
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| collection of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream |
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| chemicals that act on target organs to increase or decrease the target's activity level |
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| endocrine system helps in maintaining... |
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| too much potassium in the blood |
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| stimulates adrenal cortex |
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| The adrenal cortex of men and women secretes... |
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| steroid sex hormones (androgens, estrogen, and progesterone) |
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| inner portion of adrenal gland |
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| adrenal medulla secretes... |
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| epinephrine and norepinephrine |
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| common name for epinephrine |
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| any disease of the adrenal gland |
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| surgical excision of the adrenal gland |
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| stimulating to the adrenal glands |
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| inflammation of the adrenal gland |
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| lower abdominopelvic cavity |
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| female sex hormones (estrogen and progesterone) |
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| hormone responsible for apperance of female sexual characteristics and regulation of the menstrual cycle |
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| hormone that helps maintain a suitable uterine environment for pregnancy |
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| runs along the lower curvature of the stomach |
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| The only organ in the body that has both endocrine and exocrine functions |
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| function of the exocrine portion of the pancreas |
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| releases digestive enzymes through a duct into the small intestines |
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| function of the endocrine portion of the pancreas (islets of langerhans) |
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| produce insulin and glucagon |
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| hormone that stimulates the cells of the body to take in glucose from the blood stream |
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| loss of insulin results in... |
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| diabetes mellitus and hyerglycemia |
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| overproduction of insulin results in... |
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| location of adrenal glands |
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| adrenal glands are composed of two sections: |
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| adrenal cortex and adrenal medulla |
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| insulin in the blood is high |
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| tumor of the islets cells that produces excess insulin |
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| destruction of islet cells,which leads to an inadequate production of insulin |
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| diabetes mellitus type 1 is known as... |
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| insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) |
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| a person with IDDM must take... |
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| insulin injections to replace insulin the pancreas is unable to produce |
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| person makes sufficient amount of insulin, but has lost the ability to influence the cells of the body |
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| diabetes mellitus type 2 is known as... |
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| non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) |
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| diet, exercise, and oral medications |
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| hormone that is secreted in response to hypoglycemia |
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| hormone that stimulates liver to release glucose(which raises blood glucose level) |
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| the two hormones that have opposite effects on blood suger level |
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| insulin (reduces it) and glucagon (increases it) |
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| four tiny glands located on the dorsal surface of the thyroid gland |
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| hormone secreted by the parathyroid gland |
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| PTH (parathyroid hormone) |
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| regulated the amount of calcium in the blood...if calcium level in the blood is too low, PTH stimulates bone breakdown to release more calcium into the blood |
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| too much calcium in the blood |
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| removal of the parathyroid gland(s) |
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| small pine cone-shaped gland that is part of the thalamus region of the brain |
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| hormone secreted by the pineal gland |
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| plays a role in regulation body's circadian rhythm and governs our body's 24-hr clock |
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| tumor of the pineal gland |
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| excision of the pineal gland |
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| gland that is also known as the "master gland" |
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| gland located on the underneath side of the brain |
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| small marble-shaped gand that is divided into the anterior lobe and posterior lobe |
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| both lobes of the pituitary gland are controlled by the.... |
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| hypothalamus in the brain |
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| pituitary is also called the...which means... |
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| hypophysis; to grow under |
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| the anterior pituitary secretes... |
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| GH, TSH, ACTH, PRL, FSH, LH, and MSH |
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| growth hormone or somatotropin |
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| thyroid stimulating hormone |
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| adrenocorticotropic hormone |
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| follicle-stimulating hormone |
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| melanocyte-stimulating hormone |
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| the posterior pituitary gland secretes... |
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| antidiuretic hormone or vasopressin |
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| promotes water reabsorption by the kidney tubes |
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| stimulates uterine contractions during labor and delivery, and the release of milk from the mammary glands |
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| enlargement of the extremities (problem with GH) |
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| disease in which large amounts of urine are formed (problem with ADH) |
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| two oval glands located in the scrotal sac of a male |
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| testes are the male gonads which produce... |
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| male gametes, sperm and male sex hormone, testosterone |
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| male secondary sexual characteristics and regulates sperm production |
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| gland that is part of the immune system and an endocrine gland |
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| hormone secreted by the thymus gland |
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| gland that is located in the mediastinal cavity anterior and superior to the heart |
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| gland that is present at birth and grows to it largest size at puberty, then begins to shrink with age until is it replaced with connective and adipose tissue |
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| most important function of the thymus gland is... |
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| development of the immune system in the newborn |
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| thymus gland is essential to growth and development of... |
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| thymic lymphocytes, or T cells |
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| T cells are critical for... |
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| surgical fixation of the thymus |
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| inflammation of the thymus |
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| surgical excision of the thymus |
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| hormone produced by the thymus gland |
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| gland that resembles a butterfly in shape and had left and right lobes |
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| gland that is located on either side of the trachea and larynx |
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| hormones produced by the thyroid gland |
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| hormones are produced by the thyroid gland from the mineral... |
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| thyroid hormones regulate... |
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| thyroid gland also secretes the hormone... |
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| secreted in response to hypercalcemia |
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| calcitonin stimulates the... |
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| increased deposition of calcium into bone, lowering blood levels of calcium |
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| inflammation of the thyroid |
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| condition of abnormal thyroid functioning |
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| incision into the thyroid |
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| condition that results from overproduction from the thyroid |
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| hormone produced by the thyroid gland |
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| condition in which the tissues have excess fluid |
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| condtion in which eyeballs protrude |
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| development of breast tissue in males |
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| condition of having excessive hair |
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| excess hormone production |
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| deficient hormone production |
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| group of symptoms and signs that creates a clincal picture of a condition |
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| radioactive iodine uptake test |
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| insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus |
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| non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus |
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