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| Enclosing structure surrounding each glomerulus. |
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| Cup-like collecting region of the renal pelvis. |
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| Tube for injecting or removing fluid. |
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| Waste product of muscle metabolism; nitrogenous waste excreted in urine. |
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| Measure of efficiency of kidneys in removing creatinine from the blood. |
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| Chemical element that carries electrical charge when dissolved in water. |
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| Hormone secreted by kidney to stimulate production of red blood cells by bone marrow. |
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| Passive process whereby some substance, but not all, pass through a filter or other material. |
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| Tiny ball of capillaries (microscopic blood vessels) in cortex of kidney. |
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| Depression or hollow in the part of an organ where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave. |
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| One of two bean-shaped organs behind the abdominal cavity on either side of the backbone in the lumbar region. |
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| Pertaining to the medulla. |
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| Urination; act of voiding. |
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| Combination of glomerulus and renal tubule where filtration, reabsorption, and secretion take place in kidney. Functional unit of kidney. Each nephron is able to form urine by itself. |
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| Substance containing nitrogen and excreted in urine. |
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| Electrolyte important to body processes. Regulated in the blood by the kidneys. |
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| Process where renal tubules return materials necessary to the body back into the bloodstream. |
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| Blood vessel; carries blood to kidney. |
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| Central collecting region in kidney. |
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| Microscopic tube in the kidney in which urine is formed after filtration. |
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| Blood vessel that carries blood away from the kidney towards the heart. |
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| An enzymatic hormone synthesized, stored, and secreted by the kidney; raises blood pressure. |
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| Electrolyte regulated in blood and urine by the kidneys. |
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| Triangular area in urinary bladder, in which ureters enter and the urethra exits. |
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| Major nitrogenous waste product excreted in urine. |
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| Tubes leading from kidneys to urinary bladder. |
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| Tube leading from urinary bladder to outside of body. |
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| Nitrogenous waste excreted in urine. |
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| Hollow muscular sac that holds and stores urine. |
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| Process of expelling urine, also called micturition. |
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| Emptying urine from urinary bladder; urination or micturition. |
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| trigone (region of bladder) |
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| ketone bodies (ketoacids and acetone) |
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| urination; urine condition |
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| incision for removal of stone |
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| bad, painful, difficult, abnormal |
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