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| fundamental unit of all living things |
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| Surrounds and protects cell, regulates what passes into and out of the cell |
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| controls operations of the cell |
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| rod-like structures within the nucleus |
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| Regions within the chromosome |
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| (deoxyribonuleic acid) Chemical found within each chromosome. arranged like a sequence of recipes in code it directs the activities of the cell. |
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| karyotyping of chromosomes determines whether the chromosomes are normal in number and structure |
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| (cy/o-cell, -plasm - formation) includs all the material outside the nucleus but enclosed by the cell membrane. |
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| Small sausage shaped bodies that, like midature power plants, produce energy by burning food in the presence of oxygen |
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| Process in which complex foods are broken down into simpler substances to release energy |
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| during anabolism small pieces of protein (amino acids) are fitted together like links in a chain to make larger proteins |
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| network of canals within the cell in which proteins are manufactured for use in the cell. Ribosomes are found in the endoplasmic reticulum. |
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| The total of the chemical processes in a cell. it includes both catabolsim and anabolism. |
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muscle cell-long and slender and contains fibers that aid in contracting and relaxing.
epithelial cell-square and flat to provide protection
nerve cell- long and have various fibrous extensions that aid in its job of carrying impulses.
fat cell- contains large, empty spaces for fat storage. |
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| a group of similar cells working together to do a specific job. |
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| located all over the body, forms linings of internal organs and the outer surface of the skin coverin the body. Also lines exocrine and endocrine glands. |
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| voluntary muscle found in arms and legs and parts of the body where movement is under concious control. Involuntary muscle, found in the heart and digestive system as well as other organs allows movement that is not under conscious control. |
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| Examples are adipose (fat) tissue, cartilage, bone and blood |
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| conducts impulses all over the body. |
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| Organs in digestive system |
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| Mouth, pharynx (throat), esophagus, stomach, intestines (small and large), liver, gallbladder, pancreas. |
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| Organs in Urinary or excretory system |
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| Kidneys, ureters (tubes form the kidneys to the urinary bladder), urinary bladder, urethra (tube from bladder to outside of body) |
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| Organs in the Respiratory system |
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| Nose, pharynx, larynx (voice box), trachea (windpipe), bronchial tubes, lungs (where the exchange of gases takes place) |
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| Organs in the reproductive system |
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Female: ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus (womb), vagina, mammary glands.
Male: testes and associated tubes, urethra, penis, prostate gland. |
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| Organs in the Endocrine system |
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| Thyroid gland (in the neck) pituitary gland (base of the brain), sex glands (ovaries and testes), adreanal glands, pancreas (islets of Langerhans), parathyroid glands. |
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| Organs in the nervous system |
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| Brain, spinal cord, nerves and collections of nerves |
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| Organs in the Circulatory system |
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| Heart, Blood vessels (arteries, veins and capillaries), lymphatic vessels and nodes, spleen, thymus gland. |
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| Organs in the musculoskeletal system |
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| Muscles, bones and joints. |
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| Skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, and sebaceous (oil glands); eyes, ears, nose and tongue. |
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| flexible connective tissue attached to bones at joints. |
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| voice box: located at the ipper part of the trachea. |
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| throat. The pharynx serves as the common passage way for both food and air. |
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| endocrine gland at the base of the brain |
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| endocrine gland that surrounds the trachea in the neck |
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| wind pipe (tube leading for the throat to the bronchial tubes) |
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| Tube from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body. |
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| Tube from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body |
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| the womb. The organ that holds the embryo/fetus as it developes. |
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| Organs in the Cranial Cavity |
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| Organs in the Thoracic cavity |
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Thoracic cavity is divided into two smaller cavities.
a. Pleural cavity-space surrounding each lung
b. mediastinum-centrally located area outside of and between the lungs containing the heart, aorta, trachea, esophagus, thymus gland, bronchial tubes and many lymph nodes. |
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| Organs in the Abdominal cavity |
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| Stomach, small and large intestine, spleen, pancreas, liver and gallbladder. |
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| divides abdominal and thoracic cavities |
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| double folded membrain surrounding the abdominal cavitiy |
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| Organs in the spinal cavity |
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| Nerves of the spinal cord |
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| Organs in the pelvic cavity |
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| Portions of the small and large intestines, rectum, urinary bladder, urethra and ureters: uterus and vagina in the female. |
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| Space in head surrounded by the skull |
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| centrally located space between the lungs. |
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| double layered membrane surrounding each lung |
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| space between the pleural membrans and surrounding each lung |
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| space within the spinal column. Also called the spinal cord |
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| space in chest not including pleural cavity |
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| upper right and left region below the cartilage of the ribs that extend over the abdomen |
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| middle right and left region near the waist |
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| region of the naval or umbilicus |
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| lower right and left region near the groun which is the area where the legs join the trunk of the body. Also know as the iliac region |
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| lower middle region below the umbilical region |
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| bones in the spinal column |
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| Loin (waist) or flank region |
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| five bones fused to form one bone, the sacrum |
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| coccyx (tail bone) is a small bone composed of four fused pieces. |
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| bone tissue surrounding spinal cavity |
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| nervous tissue within the spinal cavity |
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| a pad of cartilage between vertibrae |
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| neck (of the body or the uterus) |
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| cartilage (type of connective tissue) |
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| lower back (side and back between the ribs and pelvis) |
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| Distemper, Hepatitis, Leptospirosis, Parvo virus, Parainfluenza, Corona virus (Canine) |
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| Feline Viral Rhinotracheitis, Calici virus, Panleukopenia. Feline |
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| Back Surface, away from ground |
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| Belly side, towards the ground |
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| Toward the median plane or midline of the body |
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| Farther away from the midian plane, away from the middle |
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| Pertaining to the beginning, nearer the point of attachment |
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| Pertaining to away from the beginning, farther from the point of attachment |
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| divides the body into left and right halves |
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| divides the body into cranial and caudal halves |
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| Divides the body into a belly side and a spinal side. |
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| point of attachment to the body |
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| Scapulohumeral Joint (thoracic limb) |
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| medical term for shoulder joint. |
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| largest bone of thoracic limb |
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| Humeroradioulnar joint (thoracic limb |
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| medical term for elbow joint |
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| Olecranon (thoracic limb) |
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| this is a process- the point of the elbow |
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| Radius/Ulna (thoracic limb) |
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| short bones that make up the wrist joint |
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| Metacarpals (thoracic limb) |
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| the longer bones leading down to the toes |
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| located medially and is in the same position as your thumb |
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| begin on inside with dewclaw (even if there isnt one) and move outward. |
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| Largest part of the pelvis. There are three parts to the pelvis-Ilium-Pubis-Ishium |
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| Coxofemoral Joint (pelvic limb) |
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| Medical term for hip joint |
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| Largest bone in the pelvic limb |
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| Stifle/Femorotibial joint (pelvic limb) |
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| knee. the patella also forms this joint and is termed a sesamoid bone |
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| tibia is longer and is what you would think of as the shin bone. Fibula is smaller and located in the lateral aspect. |
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| equivilancy of the ankle. Tarsal bones are the small, short bones that make up the joint. |
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| Metatarsal bones- the larger bones leading down to the digits |
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