Term
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Definition
| muscular cone-shaped organ the size of a fist, located behind the sternum and between the lungs. Consists of two upper chambers(artria) and two lower chambers(ventricles). The atria receive blood returning from the body through the veins. The ventricles pump blood through the arteries from the heart back to the body tissue. The atrial septum separates the atria and the ventricular septum separates the ventricles. |
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Definition
| Located between the right atrium and right ventricle. |
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Term
| Mitral valve (bicuspid valve) |
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Definition
| Located between the left atrium and left ventricle. |
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Definition
| pulmonary and aortic valves located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery and between the left ventricle and the aorta. |
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Definition
| two layer sac consisting of an external fibrous and an internal serous layer. The serous layer secretes a fuid that facilitates movement of the heart. This layer also covers the heart and is called the epicardium. |
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Definition
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Definition
| middle, thick muscular layer. |
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Definition
| inner lining of the heart |
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Definition
| blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart. |
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Definition
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Definition
| largest artery in the body, originating at the left ventricle and descending through the thorax and abdomen. |
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Definition
| blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart. |
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Definition
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Definition
| largest veins in the body. The inferior vena cava carries blood to the heart from the body vs. the superior vena cava returns the blood to the heart from the upper part of the body. |
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Definition
| microscopic blood vessels that connect arterioles with venules. |
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Definition
| composed of plasma and formed elements, such as erythrocytes, leukocytes and thrombocytes. |
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Definition
| clear, straw-colored, liquid portion of blood in which cells are suspended. |
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Definition
| red blood cells that carry oxygen. Erythrocytes develop in bone marrow. |
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Term
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Definition
| white blood cells that combat infection and respond to inflammation. There are five types of white blood cells. |
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Term
| platelets ( thrombocytes) |
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Definition
| one of the formed elements in the blood that is responsible for aiding in the clotting process. |
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Term
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Definition
| clear, watery fluid portion of the blood that remains after a clot has formed. |
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Definition
| Three functions of the lymphatic system are to return excessive tissue fluid to the blood, absorb fats and fat-soluble vitamins from the small intestine and transport them to the blood, and provide defense against infection. |
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Term
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Definition
| transparent, colorless, tissue fluid that, on entering the lymphatic systm, is called lymph. Lymph contains lymphocytes and monocytes and flows in a one-way direction to the heart. Lymph is similar to blood plasma. |
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Term
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Definition
| similar to veins, lymphatic vessels transport lymph from body tissues to the chest, where it enters the cardiovascular system. They provide a one-way flow for lymph gathered from the tissues to ducts in the chest, where lymph enters through veins into the circulatory system. |
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Term
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Definition
| small, spherical bodies composed of lymphoid tissue. They may be singular or grouped together along the path of the lymph vessels. The nodes filter lymph to keep substances from entering the blood - also produce lymphocytes. |
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Definition
| located in the left side of the abdominal cavity between the stomach and the diaphragm. Blood is cleansed of microorganisms in the spleen.. |
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Term
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Definition
| one of the primary lymphatic organs, located anterior to the ascending aorta and posterior to the sternum between the lungs. It plays an important role in the development of the body's immune system. |
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| bone marrow (* myel/o also means spinal cord) |
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| electricity, electrical activity |
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| instrument used to record; record |
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Definition
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Definition
| abnormal reduction in number |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| tumor composed of blood vessels |
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Definition
| narrowing of a blood vessel |
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Definition
| narrowing pertaining to aorta |
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Definition
| hardening of the arteries |
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Definition
| hardening of fatty plaque. ( deposited on the arterial wall) |
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Definition
| condition of a slow heart |
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Definition
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Definition
| englargement of the heart |
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Definition
| disease of the heart muscle |
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Definition
| inflammation of the valves of the heart, ( aka: valvulitis) |
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Definition
| inflammation of the inner lining of the heart ( particularly heart valves) |
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Definition
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Definition
| inflammation of the muscle of the heart |
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Definition
| inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart |
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Definition
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Definition
| inflammation of many sites in the arteries |
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Definition
| abnormal state of rapid heart rate, >100 |
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Definition
| inflammation of a vein associated with a clot |
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Definition
| tumor of blood (collection of blood resulting from a broken blood vessel) |
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Definition
| tumors of the bone marrow |
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Definition
| abnormal reduction of all blood cells |
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Definition
| abnormal condition of a blood clot |
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Definition
| blood clot ( attached to the interior wall of an artery or vein) |
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Definition
| inflammation of the lymph nodes |
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Definition
| disease of the lymph nodes(characterized by abnormal enlargement of the lymph nodes associated with an infection or malignancy) |
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Definition
| tumor of the lymphatic tissue (malignant) |
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Definition
| enlargement of the spleen |
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Definition
| tumor of the thymus gland |
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Term
| acute coronary syndrome (ACS) |
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Definition
| sudden symptoms of insufficient blood supply to the heart indicating unstable angina or acute myocardia infarction. (ACS) |
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Term
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Definition
| ballooning of a weakened portion of an arterial wall |
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Term
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Definition
| chest pain, which may radiate to the left arm and jaw, that occurs when there is an insufficient supply of blood to the heart |
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Term
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Definition
| any disturbance or abnormality in the hearts normal rhythmic pattern |
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Term
| atrial fibrillation (AFib) |
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Definition
| a cardiac arrhythmia characterized by chaotic, rapid electrical impulses in the atria. The atria quiver instead of contracting, causing irregular ventricular response and the ejection of a reduced amount of blood. The blood that remains in the atria becomes static, increasing the risk of clot formation, which may lead to a stroke. Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation(PAF)= intermittent, and chronic atrial fibrillation is sustained. |
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Term
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Definition
| sudden cessation of the cardiac output and effective circulation, which requires cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) |
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Term
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Definition
| acute compression of the heart caused by fluid accumulation in the pericardial cavity. |
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Term
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Definition
| congenital cardiac condition characterized by a narrowing of the aorta |
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Term
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Definition
| heart abnormality present at birth |
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Term
| congestive heart failure(CHF) |
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Definition
| inability of the heart to pump enough blood through the body to supply the tissues and organs with nutrients and oxygen. |
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Term
| coronary artery disease (CAD) |
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Definition
| a condition that reduces the flow of blood through the coronary arteries to the myocardium, denying the myocardial tissue of sufficient oxygen to function fully; most often caused by coronary atheroscleoris (aka heart failure HF) |
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Term
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Definition
| obstruction of an artery of the heart, usually from atherosclerosis. Coronary occulsion can lead to acute myocardial infarction. |
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Term
| deep vein thrombosis (DVT) |
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Definition
| condition of thrombus in a deep vein of the body. Most often occurs in the lower extremities. A clot can break off and travel to the lungs, causing a pulmonary embolism. |
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Term
| hypertensive heart disease (HHD) |
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Definition
| disorder of the heart brought about by persistent high blo0d pressure |
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Term
| intermittent claudication |
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Definition
| pain and discomfort in calf muscles while walking; condition seen in occlusive artery disease |
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Term
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Definition
| a narrowing of the mitral valve from scarring, usually caused by episodes of rheumatic fever |
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Term
| myocardial infarction(MI) |
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Definition
| death (necrosis) of a portion of the myocardium caused by lack of oxygen resulting from an interrupted blood supply (aka heart attack) |
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Term
| peripheral aterial disease (PAD) |
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Definition
| disease of the arteries, other than those of the heart and brain, that affects blood circulation, such as atherosclorsis and Raynaud disease. Common symptom is intermittent claudication. |
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Term
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Definition
| damage to the heart muscle or heart valves caused by one or more episodes of rheumatic fever |
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Definition
| distended or tortuous veins usually found in the lower extremities |
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Term
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Definition
| reduction in the amount of hemoglobin in the red blood cells |
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Term
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Definition
| blood clot or foreign material, such as air or fat, that enters the bloodstream and moves until it lodges at another point in the circulation. |
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Term
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Definition
| inherited bleeding disease most commonly caused by deficiency of the coagulation factor VII |
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Definition
| malignant disease characterized by essesive increase in abnormal white blood cells formed in the bone marrow |
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Term
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Definition
| malignant disorder of the lymphatic tissue characterized by progressive enlargement of the lymph nodes. |
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Term
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Definition
| an acute infections caused by the Epstein-Barr virus characterized by swollen lymph nodes, sore throat, fatigue, and fever. Common in young people and usually transmitted by salvia. |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical repair of a blood vessel |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| excision within the artery. This procedure is usually names for the artery to be cleaned out, such as carotid endarectomy, which means removal of plaque from the wall of the carotid artery. |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical puncture to aspirate fuid from the outer layer. used to treat cardiac tamponade |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| incision into a vein ( aka venipuncture) |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical repair of a val (cardiac or venous) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| surgical fixation of the spleen |
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Term
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Definition
| excision of the thymus gland. |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical excision of an aneurysm |
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Term
| atrial fibrillation ablation |
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Definition
| a procedure in which abnormal cells that trigger atrial fibrillation are destroyed by using radiofrequency energy. |
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Term
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Definition
| battery-powered apparatus implanted under the skin with leads placed on the heart or the chamber of the heart. |
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Term
| coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) |
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Definition
| surgical technique to bring a new blood supply to heart muscle by detouring around blocked arteries. |
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Term
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Definition
| a supportive scaffold device implanted in the coronary artery; used to prevent closure of the artery after angioplasty or atherectomy |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical removal of an embolus or clot ( usually with a balloon catheter, inflating the balloon beyond the clot, then pulling the balloon back to the incision and bringing the clot with it) |
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Term
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Definition
| surgery to establish an alternate route from femoral artery to popliteal artery to bypass an obstruction |
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Term
| implantable cardiac defibrillator (ICD) |
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Definition
| a device implanted in the body that conintuously monitors the heart rhythm. If life-threatening arrhythmias occur, the device delivers an electric shock to convert the arrhythmia back to a normal rhythm. |
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Term
| intracoronary thrombolytic therapy |
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Definition
| an injection of an intravenous medication to dissolve blood clots in the coronary vessel |
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Term
| percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) |
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Definition
| procedure in which a balloon is passed through a blood vessel into a coronary artery to the area where plaque is formed. Inflation of the balloon compressess the plaque against the vessel wall, expanding the inner diameter of the blood vessel, allowing blood to circulate more freely. (aka balloon angioplasty) |
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Term
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Definition
| a syringe is used to aspirate a sample of the liquid portion of the bone marrow, usually from the ilium, for study; used to diagnose, stage, and monitor disease and condition of the blood cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| a needle puncture to obtain a sample of bone marrow, usually from the ilium, for study; used to diagnose , stage and monitor disease and condition of the blood cells |
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Term
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Definition
| infusion of normal bone marrow cells from a donor with matching cells and tissue to a recipient with a certain type of leukemia or anemia. |
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Term
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Definition
| radiographic imaging of blood vessels (femoral angiography) |
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Term
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Definition
| instrument used for visual examination of a blood vessel |
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Term
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Definition
| visual examination of a blood vessel |
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Term
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Definition
| radiographic image of the aorta |
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Term
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Definition
| radiographic image of an artery(injection of contrast media) |
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Term
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Definition
| radiographic image of a vein (injection of contrast media) |
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Term
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Definition
| radiographic imaging of a vein (injection of contrast media) |
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Term
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Definition
| record of the heart (structure and motion) using sound (used to detect valvular disease and evaluate heart function) |
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Term
| electrocardiogram (ECG, EKG) |
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Definition
| record of the electrical activity of the heart |
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Term
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Definition
| instrument used to record the electrical activity of the heart |
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Term
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Definition
| process of recording the electrical activity of the heart |
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Term
| digital subtraction angiography (DSA) |
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Definition
| a process of digital radiographic imaging of the blood vessels that "subtracts" or removes structures not being studied |
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Term
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Definition
| a study that uses sound for detection of blood flow within the vessels; used to assess intermittent claudication, deep vein thrombosis, and other blood flow abnormalities |
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Term
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Definition
| a study that evaluates cardiac function during physical stress by riding bike or walking treadmill. ECHO, EKG, and nuclear medicine scanning are three types of tests performed to measure cardiac function. |
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Term
| single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) |
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Definition
| a nuclear medicine scan that visualizes the heart from several different angles. A tracer substance such as sestamibi or thallium is injected intravenously. the SPECT scanner creates images from the tracer absorbed by the body tissues. It is used to assess damage to cardiac tissue. |
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Term
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Definition
| a nuclear medicine test used to diagnose coronary artery disease and assess revasularization after coronary artery bypass surgery. Thallium. a radioactive isotope, is injected into the body intravenously; a radiation detector is placed of the heart and images are recorded. |
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Term
| transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) |
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Definition
| an ultrasound test that examines cardiac function and structure by using an ultrasound probe placed in the esophagus, which provides views of the heart structures. |
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Term
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Definition
| an examination to determine the condition of the heart and surrounding blood vessels. A catheter is passed into the heart through a blood vessel and is used to record pressures and inject a contrast medium, allowing visualization of the coronary arteries, great vessels and the heart chambers. |
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Term
| impedance plethysmography (IPG) |
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Definition
| measures venous flow of the extremities with a plethysmograph to detect clots by measuring changes in blood volume and resistance in the vein; used to detect deep vein thrombosis. |
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Term
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Definition
| hearing sounds within the body through a stethoscope |
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Term
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Definition
| pressure exerted by the blood against the blood vessel walls. BP measurment written as systolic pressure (120) and diastolic pressure (80) is commonly recorded as 120/80. |
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Term
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Definition
| tapping of a body surface with the fingers to determine the density of the part beneath |
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Term
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Definition
| the number of times per minute the heartbeat is felt on the arterial wall. |
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Term
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Definition
| device used for measuring blood pressure |
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Term
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Definition
| an instrument used to hear internal body sounds. |
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Term
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Definition
| a blood test to measure the amount of C-reactive protein in the blood; when elevated indicates inflammation in the body. |
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Term
| creatine phosphokinase (CPK) |
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Definition
| a blood test used to measure the level of creatine phosphokinase, an enzyme of heart and skeletal muscle released into the blood after muscle injury or necrosis. |
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Term
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Definition
| a blood test used to measure the amount of homocysteine in the blood. Homocysteine is an amino acid that, if elevated, may indicate an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. |
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Term
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Definition
| blood test used to measure the amount of lipids in a sample of blood. Used to evaluate the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Measures HDL, LDL, VLDL and triglycerides. |
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Term
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Definition
| blood test measures troponin, a heart muscle enzyme. Troponins are released into the blood approximately 3 hours after necrosis of the heart muscle and may remain elevated from 7-10days. Diagnose myocardial infarction. |
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Term
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Definition
| blood test to determine the time it takes for blood to form a clot. |
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Term
| complete blood count (CBC) and differential count (Diff) |
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Definition
| basic blood screening that measures hemoglobin, hematocrit, red blood cell number and morphology, leukocyte count, and white blood cell differential and platelet count. |
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Term
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Definition
| blood test to measure the volume and number of red blood cells. diagnosis of anemic pts. |
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Term
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Definition
| blood test used to determine the concentration of oxygen-carrying components (hemoglobin) in red blood cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| blood test used to determine certain coagulation activity defects and to monitor anticoagulation therapy for patients taking Coumadin. (oral anticoagulant medication) |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to the atrium and ventricle |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| physician who studies and treats diseases of the heart |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| condition of body temperature that is below normal. |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to within the veins |
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Term
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Definition
| physician who studies and treats diseases of the veins |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| physician who studies and treats diseases of the blood |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| dissolution of red blood cells |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| removal of plasma from withdrawn blood |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) |
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Definition
| emergency procedure consisting of artificial ventilation and external cardiac massage. |
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Term
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Definition
| application of an electric shock to the myocardium through the chest wall to restore normal cardiac rhythm |
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Term
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Definition
| phase in the cardiac cycle in which the ventricles relax between contractions |
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Term
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Definition
| occurring outside the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| escape of blood from the blood vessel into the tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| rapid, quivering, noncoordinated contractions of the atria and ventricles |
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Term
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Definition
| a short duration humming sound of cardiac or vascular origin |
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Term
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Definition
| excessive amount of cholesterol in the blood; associated with heightened risk of cardiovascular disease |
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Term
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Definition
| excessive amounts of fats in the blood (triglycerides and cholesterol) |
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Term
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Definition
| blood pressure that is above normal (>140/90) |
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Term
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Definition
| excessive amount of triglycerides in the blood; associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease |
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Term
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Definition
| blood pressure that is blow normal (<90/60) |
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Term
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Definition
| fats and fatlike substances that serve as a source of fuel in the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| space within a tubular part or organ.(space within a blood vessel) |
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Term
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Definition
| to close tightly, to block |
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Term
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Definition
| phase in the cardiac cycle in which the ventricles contract. |
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Term
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Definition
| agent or nerve that narrows the blood vessels |
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Term
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Definition
| agent or nerve that enlarges the blood vessels |
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Term
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Definition
| puncture of a vein to remove blood, instill a medication, or start an intravenous infusion |
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Term
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Definition
| agent that slows the clotting process |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal or pathologic condition of the blood |
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Term
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Definition
| rapid loss of blood, as in bleeding |
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Term
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Definition
| an environmental substance capable of producing an immediate hypersensitivity in the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| a physician who studies and treats allergic conditions |
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Term
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Definition
| an exaggerated, life-threatening reaction to a previously encountered antigen such as bee venom, peanuts, or latex. |
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Term
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Definition
| a drug that targets microorganisms to kill or halt growth or replication |
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Term
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Definition
| a substance produced by lymphocytes that inactivates or destroys antigens |
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Term
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Definition
| a substance that triggers an immune response when introduced into the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| a disease caused by the body's inability to distinguish its own cells from foreign bodies, thus producing antibodies that attack its own tissue. |
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Term
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Definition
| being resistant to specific invading pathogens |
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Term
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Definition
| deficient immune response caused by the immune system dysfunction brought on by disease or immunosuppressive drugs. |
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Term
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Definition
| a physician who studies and treats immune system disorders |
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Term
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Definition
| the branch of medicine dealing with immune system disorders |
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Term
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Definition
| the invasion of pathogens in body tissue. |
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Term
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Definition
| a process in which some of the white blood cells destroy the invading microorganism and old cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| a suspension of inactivated microorganisms administered by injection, mouth or nasal spray to prevent infectious diseases by inducing immunity |
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