Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| coronary obstructive pulmonary disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| DO YOU ADJUST BODY WEIGHT TO FIGURE OUT CALORIC NEEDS? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| activities of daily living |
|
|
Term
| WHAT ARE THE EQUATIONS USED TO DETERMINE IDEAL BODY WEIGHT? |
|
Definition
hamwi
male: 106 lbs for 5 ft plus 6 lbs per inch
female: 100 lbs for 5 feet plus 5 per inch |
|
|
Term
| HOW DO YOU CALCULATE PERCENT WEIGHT CHANGE |
|
Definition
weight change
divided by usual weight |
|
|
Term
| HOW DO YOU CALCULATE PERCENT USUAL BODY WEIGHT? |
|
Definition
| actual weight divided by usual weight |
|
|
Term
| HOW DO YOU CALCULATE PERCENT DESIRED OR IDEAL WEIGHT |
|
Definition
| actual weight divided by desired or ideal weight |
|
|
Term
| HOW MANY CM ARE IN AN INCH? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| WHAT ARE THE 2 WAYS TO CALCULATE BMI? |
|
Definition
weight (kg)/(height in meters squared)
weight (lbs) x 703, divided by height in inches twice. |
|
|
Term
| WHAT ARE HEALTHY WAIST:HIP RATIOS AND WAIST CIRCUMFERENCES? |
|
Definition
men: <.9 or 40 in
women: <.8 or 35 in |
|
|
Term
| WHAT IS THE DENSITY OF FAT MASS AND FAT-FREE MASS? |
|
Definition
1.1 g/cm^3 ff
and .9 g/cm^3 fat |
|
|
Term
| WHAT ARE STATIC ASSAY AND FUNCTIONAL ASSAY MEASUREMENTS? |
|
Definition
static measures actual nutrient level.
functional measures magnitude of a metabolic activity for which the nutrient is needed. |
|
|
Term
| WHAT IS VISCERAL PROTEIN? |
|
Definition
| in organs, RBCs, WBCs, and internal organs (serum proteins). 25%, lab values |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| HOW MUCH BODILY PROTEIN DO SOMATIC AND VISCERAL STORES MAKE UP? |
|
Definition
| 30-50%. the rest is in skin and connective tissue that is not readily exchangeable. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| albumin, transferrin, pre-albumin, retinol-binding protein, insulin like growth factor, fibronectin |
|
|
Term
| WHAT ARE THE FUNCTIONS OF ALBUMIN? |
|
Definition
| maintains oncotic pressure (tiny sponges), carries small molecules like lipids, hormones, drugs, bilirubin, metals) |
|
|
Term
| WHAT IS ALBUMIN A GOOD MEASURE FOR? |
|
Definition
| shows "what you've been eating" for last 3 weeks. is therefore a poor indicator of early depletion. |
|
|
Term
| WHAT ARE APPROPRIATE LEVELS OF ALBUMIN? |
|
Definition
mild depletion: 2.8-3.4 g/dL
moderate: 2.1-2.7 g/dL
severe: <2.1 g/dL |
|
|
Term
| WHAT COULD ALTER THE MEASUREMENTS OF ALBUMIN? |
|
Definition
| inflammation and hydration decreases albumin levels |
|
|
Term
| HOW IS TRANSFERRIN USED TO ASSESS PROTEIN STATUS? |
|
Definition
| half life is 8-9 days, shorter than albumin. mostly used for iron, so iron stores must be normal for it to work |
|
|
Term
| WHY MIGHT TRANSFERRING LEVELS (USED TO ASSESS PROTEIN) BE INACCURATE? |
|
Definition
decreased levels with chronic infection, trauma, kidney disease.
increased levels with pregnancy, estrogen therapy, acute hepatitis |
|
|
Term
| WHY WOULD PRE-ALBUMIN BE USED TO ASSESS PROTEIN STATUS? |
|
Definition
| half life of 2-3 days. most sensitive to early changes in nutrition. |
|
|
Term
| IS SERUM RETINOL BINDING PROTEIN USED TO ASSESS LEVELS OF PROTEIN? |
|
Definition
| very rarely. very small body pool. similar to pre-albumin |
|
|
Term
| HOW IS NITROGEN BALANCE DIFFERENT THAN OTHER METHODS OF PROTEIN ASSESSMENT? |
|
Definition
| both visceral and somatic stores are tested. considered accurate because protein is only signif. source of N2 |
|
|
Term
| WHAT ARE SOME EXAMPLES OF POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE NITROGEN BALANCES? |
|
Definition
neg: fever, trauma (intake < losses)
pos: pregnancy growth in children, athletes in training (intake > losses) |
|
|
Term
| WHAT IS THE EQUATION OF NITROGEN BALANCE? |
|
Definition
(protein intake (g/d) divided by 6.25)
minus (UNN g/d + 4) |
|
|
Term
| HOW DOES CREATININE DETERMINE PROTEIN STATUS? |
|
Definition
| measures muscle mass and uses creatinine-height index. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| measure of total lymphocyte count, is a good indicator of early nutritional deficiency. |
|
|
Term
| WHAT ARE THE LABORATORY TESTS FOR IRON DEFICIENCY? |
|
Definition
| ferritin, transferrin saturation, TIBC, serum iron, zinc protoporphyrin, serum transferrin receptor test |
|
|
Term
| WHAT IS THE MOST SENSITIVE INDICATOR OF ANEMIA, AND WHY? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| WHAT IS THE MOST SENSITIVE INDICATOR OF ANEMIA, AND WHY? |
|
Definition
| ferritin is primary sorage form of iron (30%), is easily mobilized, found in organs and blood. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
total iron binding capacity
increases with low iron, decreases with inflammation & iron overload |
|
|
Term
| WHAT IS THE MOST WIDELY USED SCREEN FOR ANEMIA? |
|
Definition
| Hgb, but is last to show up (late deficiencies) 12-14 is normal. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| percent RBCs making up whole blood. not good indicator for early deficiency. 36-42 normal |
|
|
Term
| WHAT ARE TESTS TO ASSESS ABILITY TO ABSORB NUTRIENTS? |
|
Definition
| breath hydrogen test asses carb digestion and absorption. D-xylose levels reflect absorptive capacity of sm. intestine. fat absorption done by observing fecal samples |
|
|
Term
| WHAT IS DIFF BETWEEIN KWASHIORKOR AND MARASMUS? |
|
Definition
kwasiorkor- normal weight, intact muscles, decreased protein
marasmus-serum proteins intact |
|
|
Term
| WHAT DEFICIENCY IS THIN, BRITTLE, PLUCKABLE, OR DEPIGMENTED HAIR MOST ASSOCIATED WITH? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| WHAT DEFICIENCY IS MOST ASSOCIATED WITH PALE, THINNING, SPOON NAILS |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| WHAT DEFICIENCY IS MOST ASSOCIATED WITH GLOSSITIS, AND OTHER PROBLEMS WITH TONGUE/LIPS |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| WHAT DEFICIENCIES COULD CAUSE NEUROLOGICAL PROBLEMS |
|
Definition
|
|
