Term
|
Definition
| Good, normal Example: Euthyroid: A state in which the thyroid gland functions normally , Producing the right levels of thyroid hormones necessary for metabolism and growth. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Above, excessive Example: Hyperthyroidism: A condition in which the thyroid gland produces excessive thyroid hormones, leading to symptoms such a as rapid heartbeat, weight loss, and nervousness. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Below, under, deficient Example: Hypoglycemia: A condition characterized by abnormally low blood sugar levels, often causing symptoms such a as dizzinessm shakiness, and confusion. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Rapid, sharp, acid Example: Oxytocin: A hormone released by the pituitary gland that stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth and the release of milk during breastfeeding. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| All, total Example: Panhypopituitarism: A condition in which the pituitary gland fails to produce or secretes all of its hormones, leading to a wide range of endocrine dysfunctions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Around, beside, beyond, abnormal Example: Parathyroid: small glands located beside the thyroid gland, responsible for regulating calcium levels in the blood an bone metabolism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Many or much Example: Polyuria: Excessive urination, a common symptom of diabetes mellitus due to high blood sugar levels affecting kidney function |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Joined, together Example: Synergistic hormones that work together to amplify their effects, such as insulin and growth hormone in promoting cell growth. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Four Example: Tetralogy of Fallot: A condition involving four congenital heart defects that may indirectly affect endocrine function due to oxygenation issues. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Run, running together Example: Syndrome: A group of symptoms or signs that occur together, such as Cushing's syndrome, which results from excessive cortisol production by the adrenal glands. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| excision, cut out Example: Thyroidectomy: Surgical removal of the thyroid gland, often performed to treat conditions such as hyperthyroidism, thyroid cancer, or goiters. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Condition of the blood Example: Hyperglycemia: High levels of glucose in the blood, commonly associated with diabetes mellitus and requiring careful monitoring and management. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| State of Example: Hypothyroidism: A state of underactive thyroid function, resulting in reduced production of thyroid hormones and symptoms like fatigue, weight gain, and cold intolerance. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation Example: Thyroiditis: Inflammation of the thyroid gland, which may result from autoimmune conditions like Hashimoto's thyroiditis or infections. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Specialist who studies and treats Example: Endocrinologist: A medical specialist who studies and treats disorders of the endocrine system, such as diabetes, thyroid diseases, and hormonal imbalances. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| study of Example: Endocrinology; The study of the endocrine system, including the glands, hormones, and their related diseases. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Enlarged, Enlargement Example: Acromegaly: Abnormal enlargement of extremities cause by excessive growth hormone secretion from the pituitary gland in adulthood. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Resembling Example: Adrenoid: Resembling the adrenal glands in shape or function, possibly used in anatomical studies or to describe tissue with adrenal-like characteristics. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Absence of, without Example: Azoospermia: The absence of sperm in semen, which can cause male infertility and may result from blockages or testicular failure. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Absence of, without Example: Anovulation: The absence of ovulation, often leading to infertility and irregular menstrual cycles, commonly caused by hormonal imbalances or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Painful, difficult Example: Dysmenorrhea- Painful menstrual cramps, often caused by uterine contractions or underlying conditions like endometriosis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| within Example: Endometriosis: Inflammation of the inner lining of the uterus (endometrium), often caused by infections or retained tissue after childbirth or miscarriage. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Above: Example: Epidural: Pertaining to the area upon or above the dura mater of the spinal cord, commonly referrering to a type of anesthesia used during g childbirth to provide pain relief while allowing the patient to remain awake and alert. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Above, excessive Example: Hypergonadism: A condition characterized by excessive activity of the gonads (testes in m,ales and ovaries in females), leading to overproduction of sex hormones, which can result in early puberty, menstrual irregularities, or fertility issues. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Below Example: Hypogonadism: Reduced function of the gonads (testes or ovaries), leading to decreased hormone production and issues like infertility or delayed puberty. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Small amount Example: Oligospermia: a condition characterized by alow sperm count in semen, often contributing to male infertility. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Near Example: Parovarian cyst: A fluid filled cyst near the ovary, usually arising from the remnants of embryonic structures. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Surrounding Example: Perimetrium: The outer most layer of the uterus, surrounding the uterine wall and providing structural support. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to Example: Pertaining to the vagina, as in vaginal delivery, which refers to childbirth through the birth canal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pain Example: Orchidalgia: Pain in one or both testicles.The a pain can vary from mild discomfort to severe and may be a cute (sudden) or chronic (lasting for a longer time) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to Example: Seminiferous: Pertaining to the production of semen, such as in seminiferous tubules found in the testes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Occlusion, closure Example: Vagina atresia: Congenital closure or absence of the vaginal canal, which may require surgical correction. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Process of cutting Example: Incision: A surgical cut made during procedures, such as a cesarean section ( c-section). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Surgical closure Example: Colpoclesis: Surgical closure of the vaginal canal, often performed to treat uterine prolapse in elderly patients who are not sexually active. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Excision or surgical removal Example: Hysterectomy: Surgical removal of the uterus, commonly performed to treat fibroid, cancer, or severed uterine bleeding. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Beginning, development, or production Example: Spermatogenesis: The production and development for sperm in the testes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Record Example: Hysterosalpingogram: A radiographic image of the uterus and fallopian tubes, used to assess fertility or detect blockages. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Process of recording Example: Mammography: The process of obtaining x-ray images of the breasts to screen for abnormalities such as tumors . |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Male Example: A group of male sex hormones , including testosterone, responsible for the development of male characteristics such a s facial hair, deep voice and muscle mass. Androgens also play roles in libido, bone density, and reproductive health in both males and females. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| First, begining Example: Menarche: The first occurrence of menstruation , marking the onset of reproductive capability in females. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Glans penis Example: Balanitis: Inflammation of the glans penis, often caused by poor hygiene, infection, or irritants. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cervix Example: Cervicitis: Inflammation of the cervix, often caused by infections such as chlamydia or gonorrhea. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Vagina Example: Colposcopy: A visual examination of the vagina and cervix using a specialized magnifying instrument to detect abnormalities. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hidden Example: Cryptomenorrhea: A condition where menstrual blood is produced but cannot exit the body due to an obstruction, most commonly an imperforate hymen. It causes pelvic pain without visible menstruation and typically requires a minor surgical procedure to restore the normal menstrual flow. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Endometrium Example: A condition where endometrial tissue grows outside the uterus, causing pain, heavy periods, and potentially infertility. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Epididymis Example: Epididymitis: Inflammation of the epididymis, a coiled tube at the back of the testicle that stores and carries sperm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Vulva Example:Episiotomy: A surgical incision made in the vulva to enlarge the vaginal opening during childbirth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Gonad Example: The surgical removal of the gonads (testes in males or ovaries in females) This procedure is performed to treat conditions such as gonadal cancer, hormone sensitive cancers like breast or prostate cancer, or as part of gender-affirming surgeries. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Woman Example: Gynecomastia: A condition in males characterized by the enlargement of breast tissue, giving a female-like appearance . It is often caused by hormonal imbalance, medications, or such underlying health conditions and can occur during puberty or adulthood. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Blood Example: Hematosalpinx: The presence of blood in the fallopian tubes, often associated with ectopic pregnancy or trauma. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hymen: Example: Hymenotomy: A surgical procedure to remove or open the hymen, often performed to address issues like imperforate hymen. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Uterus Example: Hysterectomy: Surgical removal of the uterus,often performed to treat fibroids, uterine cancers, or severe bleeding. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| White Example: Leukoplakia: The formation of white patches on mucous membranes, such as the vulva in reproductive health. Vulvar leukoplakia can cause discomfort and may sometimes be precancerous, requiring further medical evaluation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Breast Example: Mammogram: An x-ray image of the breast used to screen for abnormalities such as lumps pr tumors. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Menstruation Example: Menopause: The cessation of menstruation, marking the end of reproductive capability in women. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Uterus Example: Metritis: Inflammation of the uterus, often caused by infections following childbirth or miscarriage. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ovary Example: Oophorectomy: Surgical removal of one or both ovaries, often performed to treat ovarian cancer or cysts. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A hormone produced by the adrenal glands that helps regulate blood pressure and balance electrolytes by promoting sodium retention and potassium excretion. |
|
|
Term
| ACTH= Adrenocorticotropic Hormone |
|
Definition
| A hormone produced by the pituitary gland that stimulates the adrenal glands to release cortisol, which helps regulate stress, metabolism, and immune response . |
|
|
Term
| ADH= Antidiuretic Hormone |
|
Definition
| A hormone produced by the hypothalamus and stored in the pituitary gland that regulates water balance in the body by reducing urine production and increasing water reabsorption in the kidneys. |
|
|
Term
| DKA= Diabetic Ketoacidosis |
|
Definition
| A serious complications of diabetes where the body produces high levels of blood acids (keystones) due to insuffiecient insulin, often accompanied by high blood sugar levels and dehydration. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A group of metabolic disorders characterized by high blood sugar levels resulting from either insufficent insulin production (type 1) or resistance to insulin (type 2) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A hormone and neurotransmitter, also known as adrenaline, produced by the adrenal glands to prepare the body for "fight or flight" response by increasing heart rate, blood flow, and energy availability |
|
|
Term
| FBS = Fasting Blood Sugar |
|
Definition
| A test that measures blood glucose levels after an overnight fast to help diagnose diabetes or monitor blood sugar control. |
|
|
Term
| FSH= Follicle-Stimulating Hormone |
|
Definition
| A hormone produced by the pituitary gland that plays a critical role in the reproduction process, including the maturation of eggs in females and the production of sperm in males. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism, where the immune system attacks the thyroid gland, leading to overproduction of thyroid hormones. |
|
|
Term
| HGH= Human Growth Hormone |
|
Definition
| A hormone produced by the pituitary gland that stimulates growth, cell reproduction, and regeneration in the body, particularly during childhood and adolescence. |
|
|
Term
| LADA= Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults |
|
Definition
| A form of type 1 diabetes that develops more slowly and typically occurs in adults, often misdiagnosed as type 2 diabetes due to its gradual onset. |
|
|
Term
| OGTT= Oral Glucose Tolerance Test |
|
Definition
| A test that measures blood sugar levels before and after drinking a glucose-containing solution to diagnose diabetes or gestational diabetes. |
|
|
Term
| RAI= Radioactive Iodine Treatment |
|
Definition
| A therapy using radioactive iodine to destroy overactive thyroid cells, commonly used to treat hyperthyroidism or thyroid cancer. |
|
|
Term
| TSH= Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone |
|
Definition
| A hormone produced by the pituitary gland that regulates the production of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) by stimulating the thyroid gland. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A diagnostic procedure in which a needle is inserted into the amniotic sac to collect amniotic fluid, often used to detect chromosomal abnormalities or infections during pregnancy. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A common vaginal infection caused by imbalance in the natural bacteria of the vagina, often resulting in unusual discharge, order, and irritation. |
|
|
Term
| C-section= Cesarean Section |
|
Definition
| A surgical procedure used to deliver a baby through incisions made in the abdomen and uterus, often performed when a vaginal delivery is unsafe. |
|
|
Term
| HRT= Hormone Replacement Therapy |
|
Definition
| A treatment involving supplemental hormones, typically estrogen and or progesterone, used to alleviate symptoms of menopause or hormonal imbalances. |
|
|
Term
| HPV= Human Papillomavirus |
|
Definition
| A group of viruses that can cause genital warts and are associated with cervical cancer, as well as other types of cancer in both men and women. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A minimally invasive procedure in which a thin, lighted scope is inserted into the uterus through the vaginal cavity and treat abnormalities. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A small, t-shaped device inserted into the uterus for long- term contraception, available in hormonal and non-hormonal (copper)
type. |
|
|
Term
| NICU= Neonatal Intensive Care Unit |
|
Definition
| A specialized unit in a hospital that provides intensive care to premature or critically ill newborns. |
|
|
Term
| PID= Pelvic Inflammatory Disease |
|
Definition
| An infection of the female reproductive organs, often caused by sexually transmitted bacteria, which can lead to infertility if untreated. |
|
|
Term
| PMS= Premenstrual Syndrome |
|
Definition
| A group of symptoms, including mood swings, bloating, and irritability, that occur in the days leading up to menstruation. |
|
|
