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| difficult, painful, abnormal |
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| a mixture or blending (often used in relation to blood) |
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| bursting forth, excessive flow |
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| producing, originating, or causing |
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| instrument used to record |
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| field of medicine, treatment |
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| madness or excessive preoccupation |
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| cutting or surgical incision |
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| having an affinity for, influencing |
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| vessel (usually blood or lymph) |
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| capillaries (the smallest blood vessels) |
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| dura mater (outermost layer of the meninges) |
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| ganglion (a cluster of nerve cell bodies) |
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| meninges (membranes covering the brain and spinal cord) |
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| gray matter (of the brain or spinal cord) |
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| pons (a part of the brainstem) |
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| radic/o, radicul/o, rhiz/o |
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| vagus nerve (a cranial nerve) |
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(Atrial Fibrillation)_x000D_
_x000D_
Definition: A-fib is an irregular and often rapid heart rate that can lead to poor blood flow. The atria (upper chambers of the heart) beat chaotically, which can increase the risk of stroke and heart-related complications. |
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(Automated External Defibrillator)_x000D_
Definition: An AED is a portable device that can detect life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias and deliver an electrical shock to restore normal heart rhythm, typically used during sudden cardiac arrest. |
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(Coronary Artery Bypass Graft)_x000D_
Definition: CABG is a surgical procedure that improves blood flow to the heart by using a healthy blood vessel from another part of the body to bypass a blocked coronary artery, restoring oxygen-rich blood flow to the heart muscle. |
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(Coronary Artery Disease)_x000D_
Definition: CAD is the narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries due to the buildup of plaque, reducing blood flow to the heart. It is the most common cause of heart attacks. |
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(Cardiac Catheterization)_x000D_
Definition: Cardiac catheterization is a procedure used to diagnose and treat cardiovascular conditions by inserting a thin tube (catheter) into the heart through blood vessels, often used to examine blockages or perform treatments like angioplasty. |
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(Chronic Venous Insufficiency)_x000D_
Definition: CVI occurs when veins in the legs don’t allow blood to flow back properly to the heart, causing blood to pool in the veins. This can lead to symptoms such as swelling, varicose veins, and skin changes. |
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(Electrocardiogram)_x000D_
Definition: An EKG (or ECG) is a test that measures the electrical activity of the myocardium to detect abnormalities in heart rhythm, structure, or function. |
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(Hypertension)_x000D_
Definition: Hypertension, commonly known as high blood pressure, occurs when the force of blood against artery walls is too high, increasing the risk of heart disease, stroke, and other cardiovascular problems. |
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(Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator)_x000D_
Definition: An ICD is a device implanted in the chest or abdomen to monitor heart rhythm and deliver shocks if dangerous arrhythmias are detected, preventing sudden cardiac arrest. |
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(Myocardial Infarction)_x000D_
Definition: A myocardial infarction, or heart attack, occurs when blood flow to a part of the heart is blocked, causing damage to the heart muscle. This is often caused by a blockage in one or more coronary arteries. |
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(Peripheral Artery Disease)_x000D_
Definition: PAD is a condition where narrowed arteries reduce blood flow to the limbs, commonly the legs. It can cause leg pain and increase the risk of heart disease or stroke. |
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(Peripheral Vascular Disease)_x000D_
Definition: PVD is a circulation disorder that affects blood vessels outside the heart and brain, often causing reduced blood flow to the arms and legs, leading to pain or cramping. |
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(Tissue Plasminogen Activator)_x000D_
Definition: Tpa is a clot-dissolving medication used in the treatment of stroke or heart attack by breaking down blood clots that obstruct blood flow to vital organs. |
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(Treadmill Stress Test)_x000D_
Definition: A TST is a diagnostic test that involves walking on a treadmill while monitoring heart activity to assess how the heart functions during physical stress. |
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(Ventricular Fibrillation)_x000D_
Definition: V-fib is a life-threatening arrhythmia in which the lower chambers of the heart (ventricles) quiver instead of pumping blood effectively, often leading to cardiac arrest. |
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(Alzheimer's Disease)_x000D_
Definition: Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurological disorder that leads to memory loss, cognitive decline, and behavioral changes. It primarily affects older adults and is the most common cause of dementia. |
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(Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis)_x000D_
Definition: ALS, also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord, leading to muscle weakness, paralysis, and eventually respiratory failure. |
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(Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder)_x000D_
Definition: ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent patterns of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsiveness that interfere with daily functioning or development. |
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(Cerebral Palsy)_x000D_
Definition: Cerebral palsy is a group of disorders that affect movement, muscle tone, or posture, caused by damage to the developing brain, typically before or at birth. |
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(Cerebrospinal Fluid)_x000D_
Definition: Cerebrospinal fluid is the clear fluid that surrounds and protects the brain and spinal cord, providing cushioning and acting as a medium for nutrient and waste exchange. |
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(Electroencephalogram)_x000D_
Definition: An EEG is a diagnostic test that records electrical activity in the brain using electrodes placed on the scalp, often used to detect seizures, brain disorders, or sleep disturbances. |
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(Intracranial Pressure)_x000D_
Definition: Intracranial pressure refers to the pressure inside the skull and brain. Elevated ICP can result from head injury, brain swelling, or other neurological conditions and can lead to serious complications if not managed. |
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(Level of Consciousness)_x000D_
Definition: Level of consciousness refers to a person's state of awareness, ranging from full alertness to deep coma. It is often used to assess a patient's neurological function after injury or illness. |
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(Lumbar Puncture)_x000D_
Definition: A lumbar puncture, or spinal tap, is a medical procedure in which a needle is inserted into the lower back to collect cerebrospinal fluid for diagnostic testing, often used to diagnose conditions like meningitis or multiple sclerosis. |
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(Multiple Sclerosis)_x000D_
Definition: Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system, leading to damage to the myelin sheath that protects nerve fibers, causing symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, and difficulty with coordination. |
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(Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder)_x000D_
Definition: OCD is a mental health disorder characterized by recurring, unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors (compulsions) that a person feels driven to perform to reduce anxiety. |
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(Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder)_x000D_
Definition: PTSD is a mental health condition triggered by experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event. It is characterized by flashbacks, severe anxiety, and uncontrollable thoughts about the event. |
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(Seizure)_x000D_
Definition: A seizure is a sudden, uncontrolled electrical disturbance in the brain that can cause changes in behavior, movements, feelings, or consciousness. Seizures can vary in severity and are often associated with epilepsy. |
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(Transient Ischemic Attack)_x000D_
Definition: A TIA, or mini-stroke, occurs when there is a temporary blockage of blood flow to the brain, causing stroke-like symptoms that resolve within a few minutes to hours without permanent damage. |
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