Term
| Name 4 roles of the vet tech when it comes to dentistry. |
|
Definition
1. assist vet in diagnosis and treatment
2. preform oral examination and record findings
3.take radiographs
4.provide home care instructions to clients |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 most common treatments are requested by the DMV? |
|
Definition
1. supra and subgingival scaling
2. crown polishing
3. root planning |
|
|
Term
| Medium shaped head, mandible is shorter and less wide then the upper jaw |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Short pug like muzzle, shorter than normal upper jaw and mandible |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Maxilla is longer than normal |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Portion of the tooth you can see |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| part that covers the tooth |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Makes up the majority of the tooth |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The inside of the tooth (is made up of nerves and blood vessels) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The scientific word for the gums |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| bone that holds the tooth in |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| is between the free gingiva and the tooth (the part pop corn gets stuck in) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The dentin is constantly made during the animals life. It is continuously deposited throughout the animals life. What makes the dentin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is laid down by odontoblasts.Primary 1: |
|
Definition
| laid down before the tooth comes through |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is laid down by odontoblasts. Secondary 2 |
|
Definition
| it is continuous throughout the animals life |
|
|
Term
| What is laid down by odontoblasts. Tertiary 3 |
|
Definition
| only occurs if the tooth is damaged |
|
|
Term
| T/F periodontal disease is common in all animals |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 4 parts of the periodontal? |
|
Definition
1.gingiva
2.cementum
3.periodontal ligament
4.aveolar bone |
|
|
Term
| Directional terminology: Portion of the tooth that is closest to the middle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Directional terminology: portion of the tooth that is furthest away from the middle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Directional terminology: labial |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Directional terminology: palatal |
|
Definition
| direction of the tooth facing the palate |
|
|
Term
| Directional terminology: buccual |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the canine dental formal (deciduous) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many deciduous teeth does a canine have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the canine dental formal: permanent |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many permanent teeth does a dog have |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many roots does a canine top molar have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many roots does a bottom molar have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many roots does an bottom canine premolar have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many roots does do incisors and canines have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the deciduous dental feline formula? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the permanent feline dental formula? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many roots does the top feline premolar have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how many roots does the upper feline second premolar have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how many roots does the upper feline third premolar have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many roots do the feline molars and premolars have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When is the age of eruption for dog incisors? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the age of eruption for dog canines? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When is the age of eruption for canine premolars? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When is the age of eruption for molars? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When is the age of eruption for feline incisors? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When is the age of eruption for feline canines? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When is the age of eruption for feline premolars? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When is the age of eruption for feline molars? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are carnassial teeth? |
|
Definition
| the teeth meant for meat cutting |
|
|
Term
| What is the 04 and 09 rule? |
|
Definition
| 04 is always a canine and 09 is always the first molar |
|
|
Term
| Write out the modified triadan system |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the TMJ and why is it important? |
|
Definition
| TMJ stands for temporomandibular joint. The TMJ is the hinge joint. We must be careful with this joint due to its limited lateral capability. When we have an animal under we must make sure not to have its jaw open for to long |
|
|
Term
| What do the salivary glands do? |
|
Definition
- dilute bacteria and rinse debri
-buffer and neutralize acids in the mouth
- antibodies and a complement factor |
|
|
Term
| What nerve should we always be aware of? |
|
Definition
| the C5 or trigminal nerve. This nerve branches out to the maxillary and mandibular branches |
|
|
Term
| What are the majior glands? |
|
Definition
-parotid
-zygomatic
-mandibular
-sublingual |
|
|
Term
| Watch the video on how to do an Iv catheter |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What dental tool does this describe?
- long
-thin
-straight and have a blunt ends
-measure periodontal depth |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the purposes of a periodontal probe? |
|
Definition
-measure the periodontal pocket depth
-determine the degree of gingival inflammation
-evaluate furcation lesions
-evaluate the extent of tooth mobility |
|
|
Term
| How to periodontal probes measure? |
|
Definition
| They use notches or bands. |
|
|
Term
| When using a periodontal probe with notches sometimes it skips 4 and 6. Why is this? |
|
Definition
| It skips them in order to give you a better visual to be able to tell if you are over or under 5mm |
|
|
Term
| If a periodontal probe is using bands how apart would they be? |
|
Definition
| they would have a 3 mm width |
|
|
Term
| What species are flat probes impossible to use in? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When using a periodontal probe how much pressure should you use? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which dental tool does this describe?
- sharp ended (curved or straight ended)
determines the presence of cavities or other defects |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does a Shepard hook explorer look like? |
|
Definition
| these are curved on one end |
|
|
Term
| What does a pig tail explorer look like? |
|
Definition
-usually come hooked to the right or left
- these have a pointed tip but no cutting edge |
|
|
Term
| What are dental mirrors used for? |
|
Definition
-can visualize paltal/lingual surfaces
-reflect light onto areas
- retracts and protect soft tissue |
|
|
Term
| What are the two most common hand tools used for periodontal therapy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hand scalers can only be used _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are curettes best used for? |
|
Definition
| these are best used for subgingival calculi removal |
|
|
Term
| What are scalers best used for? |
|
Definition
| used for scaling ( removal of dental deposits from the supra and subgingival surfaces) |
|
|
Term
| What are some advantages of using a mechanical scaler? |
|
Definition
| they are faster and cause less exhaustion to the tech |
|
|
Term
| What shape do is the tip of the curette? |
|
Definition
| the curette is round/circular |
|
|
Term
| What shape is the tip of the scaler? Why is this a concern? |
|
Definition
| The scaler tip is triangle. Due to this of you are not careful the tip could damage the gingiva |
|
|
Term
| Which way would you stroke when using a scaler? |
|
Definition
| always stroke away from the gingiva |
|
|
Term
| T/F you can use a hand scaler supragingivally |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the two kinds of curettes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are calculus removal forceps used for? |
|
Definition
| used for scrapping or cracking tartar off |
|
|
Term
| What are luxators and root picks used for? |
|
Definition
| They are iused to cut the periodontal ligament |
|
|
Term
| What are periosteal elevators used for? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are two disadvantages of mechanical scalers? |
|
Definition
| they have an increased risk of patient injury and cost maintenance is a factor |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 kinds of mechanical scalers? |
|
Definition
| Ultra sonic, sonic, rotary |
|
|
Term
Which mechanical scaler is this describing?
- converts sound waves into mechanical
-has a magetostrictive and piezoelectric |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which mechanical scaler is this describing?
-converts air into mechanical vibration
-compressed air is the most common |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which mechanical scaler is this describing?
-converts air into mechanical vibration |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 kinds of ultra sonic scalers? |
|
Definition
| piezoelectric, odontoson, magnetostrictive |
|
|
Term
| What kind of scaler has stacks and what is important about them? |
|
Definition
| ultra sonic, when sound goes though the stacks it vibrates at 18,000-30,000. These stacks wear out and will need changing |
|
|
Term
| How do pieozoelectric scalers work? |
|
Definition
| when electricity passes through the piezoeletic crystal it causes the the scaler to vibrate at 25,000-45,000. |
|
|
Term
| What direction does the piezoelectric scaler move in? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do odontoson scalers work? |
|
Definition
| an electric current goes through a bar of graphite in the handle |
|
|
Term
| Odontoson scalers produce ____ heat |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How would you change a magnetostrictive ultra sonic scaler tip? |
|
Definition
| These change with a pull out-push in |
|
|
Term
| How would you change a piezoelectric tip? |
|
Definition
| you would need a changing tool |
|
|
Term
| How are sonic scalers run? |
|
Definition
| they are run by compressed air which is then converted to mechanical vibration |
|
|
Term
| Which scaler has no heat build up? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are some disadvantages to sonic scalers? |
|
Definition
| They are slow to clean everything up. They need a continuous air pressure of 30-40 psi. They also need constant lubrication. There air compressor requires maintenance. |
|
|
Term
| What is the psi found in air pressure tanks? |
|
Definition
| 80-100 psi. The machine turns on when the pressure goes below the minimum of 60 psi |
|
|
Term
| What what you must do with compressors oil? |
|
Definition
| You need to check the oil (make sure it is checked and filled). Also watch for condensation |
|
|
Term
| How many times a week must you maintain the water bottle? |
|
Definition
| you need to rinse the water bottle out at least once a week with a disinfectant |
|
|
Term
| T/F you should minimize the amount of time on a tooth (you can always go back but if you go to long heat will build up and damage the tooth. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What PPE should you wear when doing a dental? |
|
Definition
| You should wear a surgical mask, gloves and glasses to protect against bacterial aerosol |
|
|
Term
| t/f you must wash/sterilize your instruments after each use to prevent the spread of bacteria |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F you should never point the tip of the scaler at the tooth. This has the potential to cause damage. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How should you hold the instrument against the tooth? |
|
Definition
| You should hold it so that the side of the instrument is against the tooth |
|
|
Term
| Why are rotary scalers discouraged? |
|
Definition
| these convert air into mechanical vibration and can rotate at 300,000- 4000,000. These high speeds can cause severe tooth damage. |
|
|
Term
| How would you hold the instrument? |
|
Definition
| modified pencil position. Pinch and have tool resting against other fingers while using your pinky to prevent back drag |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| used to prevent heat build up. Use cross strokes and then in varied directions, 5 seconds then move on |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| This is when the patient has missing teeth. This is usually due to the teeth just failing to develop. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| too few teeth, rare, radiograph 12-16 weeks to check |
|
|
Term
| How do supernumerary teeth occur? |
|
Definition
| Supernumeary is the result of a genetic defect or tooth disturbance during development |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 2 developing teeth with different tooth buds that have joined |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 2 teeth from one enamel origin, one tooth bud partially divided to form 2 teeth |
|
|
Term
| How would you deal with root abnormalities? |
|
Definition
| you need to do a radiography to detect, usually is change in shape or number of roots. Not a problem unless it needs to be extracted |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| debilitation of ameloblasts. dull,flakes easily |
|
|
Term
| Is enamel hypoplasia a temporary or permanent condition? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why symptoms do enamel hypoplasia usually cause? |
|
Definition
| high fever, nutritional deficiency |
|
|
Term
| Why are retained decidous teeth an issue? |
|
Definition
| these teeth may not allow for the eruption of permanent teeth |
|
|
Term
| What would you check if you have retained decidous teeth? |
|
Definition
| check for mobility before extracting (if grade 3 or greater mobility it is likely to fall out on its own. If not you have to extract) |
|
|
Term
| What problems can retained decidous teeth cause? |
|
Definition
| may see a cyst form with unerupted teeth, may cause abnormal positioning of permanent teeth |
|
|
Term
| In which species are retained roots the most common? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What can cause uneruption? |
|
Definition
-lack of space
-cyst
-tumors
-infection
-trauma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| obstructed by other erupted or unerupted teeth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| not erupt, remain covered by bone/soft tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What will happen if fractured primary teeth are left un treated |
|
Definition
| This can cause abcesses and fistulas( enamel hypoplasia) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
wearing away of tooth, due to teeth friction against each other
* this is not against contact surfaces of tooth |
|
|
Term
| What other causes are there of abrasions besides teeth friction against each other |
|
Definition
| cage biting, rock chewing |
|
|
Term
| What would you tell your client to do to prevent abrasions AB? |
|
Definition
| tell them to avoid having thier dog do stone chewing. Avoid giving them hard bones, hard toys and the sandy tennis ball |
|
|
Term
| T/F abrasions can cause loss of teeth |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Occlusal wear and dentine exposure |
|
|
Term
| What part of the tooth is sensitive to staining? |
|
Definition
| Dentine is sensitive to staining |
|
|
Term
| What are 4 causes for canine cavities |
|
Definition
- can be due to the shape of teeth
-diet
-PH of 7.5
-decreased salivary amylase |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How would you treat pulpitis or apical periapical disease |
|
Definition
| to treat you would extract or so endodomic therapy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Enamel fracture
-chip loss of only enamel
-does not need treatment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Uncomplicated crown fracture
-fracture involving both enamel and dentin but not pulp chamber |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Uncomplicated Crown Root Fracture
-fracture of the crown and root that does NOT expose the pulp |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
complicated crown root fracture
-fracture of the crown and root that does not expose the pulp |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fracture that involves the root |
|
|
Term
| Injuries of specific tooth types: incisors |
|
Definition
| wearing down from objects,friction,skin or chewing |
|
|
Term
| Injuries of specific tooth types: canines |
|
Definition
| fights,wearing from chewing or catching tennis balls |
|
|
Term
| Injuries of specific tooth types: premolars |
|
Definition
| slab fractures, chewing hard objects |
|
|
Term
| Injuries of specific tooth types: molars |
|
Definition
| if the pulp is exposed this could be due to excess attrition,abrasion or fraction. Injury to the molars usually require extraction of endodonic therapy |
|
|
Term
| What molar most commonly has injuries? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What species are Resorptive Lesions seen the most |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Feline stomatitis and faucitis |
|
Definition
| often an underlying disease, interferes with the cats local immunity in the gingiva, screen for calicivirus, FELV,FIV,FIP, Gram- VE anaerobic bacteria, allergic reactions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| see lesions on buccal or lingual mucosa (usually in premolars and molars |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is a misnomer as fauca are atcually medial to palatosiossal. Inflamation is actually lateral to the folds. Usally seen in the premolars and molars |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| round well defined, Treatment with coricosteroids |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflamation of the soft tissues of the oral cavitity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| from dogs licking away nasal discharge causing damage to the upper tooth |
|
|
Term
| electric cord shock, with this one you may not know the damage to the tooth till later. What teeth does it often affect |
|
Definition
| 108/109 or 208/209 and 309/409 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| you see this if their is advanced renal disease (may see ulcers on the tip of the tongue) |
|
|
Term
| Epulis (EP) is a ______ tumor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the most common. usally a tumor that is located at the margin of the gums. Generally are smooth, pink and no not have ulcerated (raw surface) |
|
|
Term
| Peripheral odontosenic fibromas |
|
Definition
| smooth,pink,do not usually displace teeth |
|
|
Term
| A peripheral odontosenic fibromas is a ____ tumor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| peripheral odontosenic fibromas |
|
Definition
| is a ossifying epulis (part of the bone) |
|
|
Term
| Acanthomotous epulis is a ______ tumor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-large
-can be pigmented or not
-usually rostal
- locally invasive to bone |
|
|
Term
| Squamous cell careinoma is a ______ tumor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe a Squamous cell careinoma tumor |
|
Definition
| grayish white, irregularly surfaced, locally invasive, bleed easily |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-hard tissue lesion of the oral cavity
- infection of the bone
-found in maxilla and mandible |
|
|
Term
| When examining a dog under anesthesia what do you look at? |
|
Definition
You want to be organized. Go in a pattren
oropharnyx, lips and cheecks, oral mucusal membrane, hard palate,floor of mouth and tongue.
For the teeth look at ALL aspects (example gingiva color,plague, texture, mobility and pocket depth) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Thin plaque film along the gingival margin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Moderate plaque along the margin, plaque can be found in the suclus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Heavy and abundant plaque in the soft material and in the sulcus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| supragingival calculus extending only slightly below the free gingival margin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| moderate amounts of supra and sub gingival calculus or subgingival calculus only |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abundant supra and sub gingival calculus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Marginal gingivitis, bit of redness, no bleeding on probing, no pocket |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Moderate gingivitis, start of inflammation, no pockets, bleeding on gentle probing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| gingivitis, advanced edema, bleeds spontaneously, pocket beginning, no root exposure |
|
|
Term
| What does a pocket depth measure? |
|
Definition
| It measures from the current free gingival margin to the bottom of the pocket |
|
|
Term
| What do you do if you are trying to understand the pocket depth but there is gingival recession? |
|
Definition
| You would measure from the cementoenamel junction to the current free gingival margin. Add 1-2 mm to account for the fact that the gingival margin to the the cementoenamel junction is usally 1-2 mm |
|
|
Term
| What does the furcation index measure? |
|
Definition
| It measures how much you can see the fracture of a multi rooted tooth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-do not see any bone loss clinically or on a radiograph
- probe extends less than half under the crown |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Can place probe in furcation
-see less density in aveolar bone or radiograph
-probe extends greater than half way under the crown |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-probe goes through to the other side
- ovious bone loss in furcation on radiograph |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| -can see through to the other side |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| no tooth mobility (can be up to 0.22 mm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 0.2-0.5 tooth mobility laterally no vertical mobility |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| o.5mm-1 mm lateral movement with no vertical movement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| greater than 1 mm lateral mobility or any vertical mobility |
|
|
Term
| At what level of mobility would you extract a tooth |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is periodontal/clinical attachment level (PAL) |
|
Definition
| it is the measurement of the periodontal loss with regard for current level of inflammation (it looks at attachment loss, gingivitis and periodontitis into account) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| this is because PPD may not be accurate (there may be hyperplasia,gingival recession) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| healthy gingival and deeper periodontal structures, no clinical disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| periodontal disease stage 1 (early to advanced gingivitis or gingivitis with no attachment loss) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| early stage (periodontitis) less than 25% attachment loss, no bleeding on probe |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| established stage, 25-50% attachment loss |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| advanced stage, greater than 50% attachment loss |
|
|
Term
| Match the stages of dental disease: stage 1 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Match the stages of dental disease: stage 2 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Match the stages of dental disease: stage 3 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Match the stages of dental disease: stage 4 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Epulis, benign gingival tumor |
|
|
Term
| What does COHAT stand for? |
|
Definition
| Comprehensive Oral Health Assessment and Treatment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Assessment of all the hard and soft tissue that make up and surround the oral cavity, followed by treatment of all problems found |
|
|
Term
| What are the goals of periodontal therapy |
|
Definition
Treat periodontal disease & prevent progression of disease
Important to educate, train and motivate the owner
Daily home care
Professional periodontal therapy –
Periodontal probing and charting
Intraoral radiographs
Remove biofilm
Supragingival scaling
Subgingival scaling
Polishing
Root planning
Extractions and wound closure
Minimize attachment loss
Minimize pocket depth and maintain adequate attached gingiva (2 – 3 mm)
Regular check ups and home care |
|
|
Term
| What are the steps of COHAT? |
|
Definition
1.Preliminary examination, charting of GI and CI
2.Gross calculus removal and mechanical scaling (supra and subgingival)
3.Comprehensive examination with periodontal probing
4.Intraoral radiographs
5.Periodontal surgery
6.Supragingival hand scaling
7.Subgingival curettage and root planing
Polishing
8.Missed plaque / calculus detection
Sulcus irrigation
Fluoride treatment
Antibiotics
9.Final charting
10.Home Care Plan |
|
|
Term
| For COHAT what would you do in the Preliminary Examination and evaluation stage |
|
Definition
-Charting gingivitis and calculus
-evaluate necessary diagnosis and treatment |
|
|
Term
| Do you remove the gross calculus before or after probing |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the important steps to remember when doing supra and sub gingival scaling |
|
Definition
. Hold the handpiece lightly in a modified pen grasp. 2. Use eye, ear, and respiratory protection.
3. Hold the fulcrum or finger rest at a distance farther from the tooth than with hand instruments, because the tips do not have cutting edges.
4. Adjust water spray to deliver a steady drip with a small mist halo
5. Apply light pressure to the tip working in a coronal-to-apical direction. The sound waves should do most of the work. Note: Efficiency decreases with increased pressure.
6. Pass the side of the working end over calculus and plaque in short, light vertical strokes. Heavy lateral pressure should he avoided.
7. Keep the lateral surface working end in constant motion. Leaving it in one place too long increases the amount of tooth material removed. Never hold the tip perpendicular to the surface of the tooth. This will either etch or groove the tooth surface.
8. Specially designed subgingival periodontal tips may be used subgingivally. To avoid iatrogenic injury, decrease the power with subgingival use.
9. After ultrasonic teeth cleaning is completed, use air from the air/ water syringe to gently blow/lift off the gingival margin away from the tooth and examine for missed calculus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| measure edge of free gingival margin to base of pocket (if gingival recession – attachment loss > pocket depth – attachment loss more important |
|
|
Term
| When measuring pocket depth were do you measure? |
|
Definition
| You measure all 4 sides. Only record abnormal findings |
|
|
Term
| What does a gross calculus remover look like? |
|
Definition
| curved end top and long end bottom |
|
|
Term
| For supragingival hand scaling can you use both the cutting edge and the tip? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When using a hand scaler for supragingival scaling how would you adjust to the tooth's surface? |
|
Definition
Keep tip 1/3 in contact with tooth
Face of instrument at 70 – 80° to tooth surface |
|
|
Term
| What are curettes used for? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F Teeth are not properly cleaned if not proper subgingival curettage |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does root planning do? |
|
Definition
| cleans necrotic cemental surface of the tooth |
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of polishing? |
|
Definition
Remove the etching from enamel due to the scaling
Prevent plaque adherence – can form within 2-3 hours |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A prophy cup and prophy paste are used to polish the teeth
Low speed
Maximum 5 sec /tooth
Light but enough pressure to flare cup for subgingival
Use fine or medium paste
Wet teeth with water periodically
Be careful not to burn the tissue with the rotary friction of the instrument |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Removes debris, pumice and loose calculus |
|
|
Term
| If you dont use the water pik on the dental machine what eles can you use? |
|
Definition
| Large syringe, 18 - 23 g blunt needle or cannula |
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of fluoride? |
|
Definition
Antibacterial
Strengthens enamel
Desensitizes pulp |
|
|
Term
| Although we dont often need to use antibiotics what antibotic would we use in dental? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tetracycline has a _ to _ times more concentration in the gingival suculus then in the blood stream |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When is it conterdictery to use Tetracycline in a patient |
|
Definition
| contraindicated in pregnancy, tooth development, hypersensitivity and liver disease |
|
|
Term
| If you dont use proper subgingival curettes what will happen? |
|
Definition
| you will leave stuff behind and the body will treat it like an invasion. |
|
|
Term
| How would you detect missed plaque and calculus? |
|
Definition
| discoloration and air dry |
|
|
Term
| Why do we do periodontal surgery? |
|
Definition
Helps contribute to preservation of periodontium
Facilitate plaque removal and control
Creates accessible scaling and root planing
Helps establish healthy gingiva for home care |
|
|
Term
| What are some advantages to home care? |
|
Definition
| increase the bond and gingival health |
|
|
Term
| What are some disadvantages to home care? |
|
Definition
Dangers of home care:
Can cause pain
Lead to false sense of security
Not a treatment for dental Disease
Not a substitute for professional treatment |
|
|
Term
| What are potential complications of extractions? |
|
Definition
Thermal bone injury
Tooth fracture
Oronasal communication
Sublingual edema
Jaw fracture
Hemorrhage
Sensory deficits |
|
|
Term
| What are the two kinds of extractions and what are the differences between them? |
|
Definition
Closed (non-surgical) – simple luxation
Open ( surgical) – mucoperiosteal flap –when alveolar bone needs to be assessed |
|
|
Term
| What kind of teeth would would you do a closed extraction on? |
|
Definition
| Single rooted teeth (Only canines if extensive bone loss) |
|
|
Term
| What are the steps to doing a closed extraction? |
|
Definition
Cut gingival attachment (scalpel blade or sharp luxator)
Sharp luxator advanced in gingival sulcus
Luxator is worked around full tooth
Important to loosen the periodontal ligament
Radiograph recommended |
|
|
Term
| What are 3 principles to keep in mind when doing an extraction? |
|
Definition
1. Never pull a tooth that has not been loosened
2.Luxate, luxate, luxate
3.Stretch and tire |
|
|
Term
| How long would you hold to to fatigue deeper periodontal ligaments |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How would you lift a tooth out after the ligament has been stretched and fatigued? |
|
Definition
Gently lift loosened tooth with dental forceps (not for temporary or feline teeth)
Do not use force or will fracture root |
|
|
Term
| What tool do you use to extract a tooth? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What would you do for a multi rooted tooth? |
|
Definition
Ensure roots are what is expected
Cut gingival attachment
Expose furcations- elevate the gingiva
Section into single rooted units
Use a bur – fissure, round or pear shaped
Single root units – luxated
Also insert horizontally and gently rotate to lift roots |
|
|
Term
| How would you remove a maxillary canine tooth? |
|
Definition
-Cut full circumference
-Short releasing incisions at the rostral and distal end
-Use periosteal elevators to lift the gingiva and mucosa from bone
-Drill away buccal bone plate
-Create a trough between the tooth root and alveolar bone
-Insert elevator to rotate tooth along the long axis
-Want to break down palatal periodontal fibres + root tip
-Stretch the fibres and hold for 10 – 30 sec and repeat all around
-Use bur to smooth the edges of alveolus (alveolectomy)
-Removes sharp bony spicules protrusions or ridges
-Allows gingiva to heal
-If socket is filled with debris (bony fragments, granulation tissue)gently flush – need a clean clot
May pack
-Replace flap and suture without tension to close socket |
|
|
Term
| With canine teeth you always want to so a ____ extraction unless.. |
|
Definition
| open extraction unless severe periodontitis |
|
|
Term
| What is a concern about multi rooted teeth when doing an extraction? |
|
Definition
| multi rooted teeth fracture easily |
|
|
Term
| What are the advantages of a gel matrix product used for antibiotic therapy |
|
Definition
Decreased Pocket depth
Increased Attachment levels
Decreased Gingival inflammation |
|
|
Term
| How would you make up/use doxirobe gel? |
|
Definition
Mix 2 syringes
A – polymer delivery system
B – doxycycline
Connect to each other
Transfer material
Gel hardens in water
Place in pocket |
|
|
Term
| What is Dry Socket – acute alveolar osteitis? |
|
Definition
| Clot that usally forms gets disturbed winch exposes the nerves to air. This can be very very painful |
|
|
Term
| How would you prevent Dry Socket – acute alveolar osteitis |
|
Definition
| Antibiotic control, good surgical technique, surgical dressings |
|
|
Term
| How would you treat Dry Socket – acute alveolar osteitis? |
|
Definition
Allow healing to occur
Anesthetize, radiograph, curettage, absorbable dressing, suture gingiva over alveolus, antibiotics |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| remove diseased gingiva to eliminate suprabony pockets |
|
|
Term
| How much gingiva do you need to preform a gingivoplasty? |
|
Definition
| You need at least 2mm of gingiva to remain post op |
|
|
Term
| What is the treatment of endontic disease? |
|
Definition
Pulp capping
Partial pulpectomy with direct pulp capping
Root canal therapy |
|
|
Term
| When doing endontics what are 3 important things to remember? |
|
Definition
Clean and disinfect pulp chamber and root canals
Fill root canals with non irritant antibacterial material to seal the apex
Close access and exposure sites – restorative |
|
|
Term
| What is the Porphyromonas vaccine? |
|
Definition
| suppose to prevent bacteria |
|
|
Term
| How long would you keep fluoride sit for? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the goal of home care? |
|
Definition
| the goal of home care is to remove or at least reduce the accumulation of dental plaque on the tooth surface |
|
|
Term
| T/F studies have shown that without home care gingivitis scores can be back to periodontal treatments levels within just 3 months |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are positives of home care |
|
Definition
1. increased bond with the pet
2. increased ginigival health
3. decreased PD |
|
|
Term
| What are the disadvantages to home care |
|
Definition
can cause pain
not a treatment for dental disease
not a proper substitute for professional treatment |
|
|
Term
| How do you brush the teeth? |
|
Definition
| Rotate in a circular fashion at a 50 degree angle with emphasis on the stroke away from the gingiva. Back and forth motion and 30 seconds per quadrant if possible. |
|
|
Term
| Before using any home care products what are 4 things to look for? |
|
Definition
1.saftey
2.high compliance has been shown in using these products
3. efficiency
4. product has VOHC seal of approval |
|
|
Term
| What does VOHC stand for? |
|
Definition
| veterinary oral health council |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a volunteer organization that ensures that the research demonstrates the product in question is therapeutically beneficial. |
|
|
Term
| What does Chlorhexidine gluconate do? |
|
Definition
-reduces plaque by 55-60%
-reduces gingivitis by 45-60% |
|
|
Term
| Which is considered the most effective oral antiseptic |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which oral antiseptic forms an ionic bond to the tooth for 12-24 hours( which increases) substanivity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which listed is true about Chlorhexidine Gluconate?
A) antifungal
B) antiviral
C) antibacterial
D) all of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is important to remember about Chlorhexidine |
|
Definition
| You can not use at the same time with fluoride (they bind making each product non effective) wait 1 hr to 30 min in between use |
|
|
Term
| What are some disadvantages of using Chlorhexidine? |
|
Definition
-can stain teeth over long use
-may change intestinal flora if swallowed over a long period of time
-may enhance mineralization of plaque to spread calculus formation
-in humans can alter sense of taste |
|
|
Term
| What are three kinds of oral spray/maxi guard? |
|
Definition
1. Zinc (displaces mg++ (disrupts bacteria enzyme)
2. ZN ascorbute/taurine (decreases halitosos,stops ZnSo4)
3. Taurine (helps bind sulfurs to decrease halitosis) |
|
|
Term
| What are good things about oral spray/maxi guard ? |
|
Definition
| tasteless, OH free, good antiseptic for post recovery period |
|
|
Term
| What can be one negative effect of oral spray/maxi guard? |
|
Definition
| since its PH is 4.6 it may cause salivating |
|
|
Term
| What does a oral hygiene rinse do and why is it used? |
|
Definition
| contains zinc chlorhexidate (which helps with dental) and is used for dogs and cat owners who cant or wont brush |
|
|
Term
| What are Plaque retardants and what do they do? |
|
Definition
| enzymatic toothpaste, CHX (also zinc ascorbate). Displaces mg++ which stimulates collagen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Dentacetic effectively brightens and whitens teeth
Cleaning (mechanical means)
Sequestering agent: binds minerals effectively inhibiting the transformation (mineralization) of dental plaque into tartar |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| replacement for provseal. Reduces plaque and tartar formation. Creates an invisible barrier that prevents bacteria from attaching |
|
|
Term
| When it comes to chew toys/food what is the knee cap rule? |
|
Definition
| if it would hurt to hit off your knee dont feed to your dog |
|
|
Term
| When it comes to chew toys/food what is the chew it rule? |
|
Definition
| if it would hurt to chew it yourself dont give it to your dog |
|
|
Term
Is this statement true?
-good to chew
-better to rinse
-best to brush |
|
Definition
|
|
