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Definition
| Largest artery in the body. |
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| Largest type of blood vessel. |
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Definition
| Specialized muscle fibers connecting the atria with the ventricles and transmitting electrical impulses between them. |
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Term
| Atrioventricular node( AV node) |
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Definition
| Specialized tissue in the wall between the atria. Electrical impulses pass from the pacemaker(SA node) through the AV node. |
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Definition
| One of two upper chambers of the heart |
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Definition
| Gas(waste) released by body cells, transported via veins to the heart. |
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Definition
| Blood vessels that branch from the aorta and carry oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. |
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Definition
| Blood that is oxygen-poor. |
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Definition
| Relaxation phase of the heartbeat. |
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Definition
| Record of the electricity flowing through the heart. |
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Definition
| Inner lining of blood vessels. |
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Definition
| Innermost lining of blood vessels. |
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Definition
| Valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle, bicuspid valve. |
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Definition
| Abnormal swishing sound caused by improper closure of the heart valves. |
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Definition
| Muscular, middle layer of the heart. |
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Definition
| Heart rhythm origination in the sinoatrial node with a rate in patients at rest 60 to 100 beats per minute. |
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Definition
| Gas that enters the blood through the lungs and travels to the heart to be pumped via arteries to all body cells. |
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Term
| Pacemaker(sinoatrial node) |
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Definition
| Specialized nervous tissue in the right atrium that begins the heartbeat. |
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Term
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Definition
| Double-layered membrane surrounding the heart. |
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Definition
| Artery carrying oxygen-poor blood from the heart to the lungs. |
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Definition
| Flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart. |
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Term
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Definition
| Valve positioned between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery. |
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Term
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Definition
| One of two pairs of vessels carrying oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart. |
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Term
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Definition
| Beat of the heart as felt through the walls of the arteries. |
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Term
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Definition
| Partition or wall dividing a cavity; such as between the right and left atria(interatrial septum) and right and left ventricles(interventricular septum). |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Instrument to measure blood presure. |
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Definition
| Flow of blood from body tissue to the heart and then from the heart back to body tissues. |
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Term
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Definition
| Contraction phase of the heartbeat. |
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Term
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Definition
| Located between the right atrium and the right ventricle. |
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Definition
| Structure in veins or in the heart that temporarily closes an opening so that blood flows in only one direction. |
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Term
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Definition
| Thin-walled vessels that carries blood from body tissues and lungs back to the heart. |
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Term
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Definition
| Largest vein in the body. The superior and inferior venae cavae return blood to the right atrium of the heart. |
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Definition
| One of two lower chambers of the heart. |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| Yellowish plaque, fatty substance |
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Definition
| Atrium, upper heart chamber. |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| Cholesterol(a liquid substance) |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| Ventricle, lower heart chamber |
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Term
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Definition
| Abnormal heart rhythms(dysrhythmias). |
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Term
| Bradycardia and heart block(atrioventricular block) |
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Definition
| Failure of proper conduction of impulses from the SA node through the AV node to the atrioventricular bundle(bundle of His). |
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Term
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Definition
| Rapid but regular contractions, usually of the atria |
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Term
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Definition
| Very rapid, random, inefficient, and irregular contractions of the heart (350 beats or more per minute). |
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Term
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Definition
| Abnormalities in the heart at birth. |
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Term
| Coarctation of the aorta(CoA) |
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Definition
| Narrowing (coarctation) of the aorta |
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Term
| Patent ductus arteriosus(PDA) |
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Definition
| Passageway (Ductus arteriosus) between the aorta and the pulmonary artery remains open(patent) after birth. |
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Term
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Definition
| Small holes in the wall between the atria(atrial septal defects)or the ventricles(ventricular septal defects) |
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Term
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Definition
| Congenital malformation involving four(tetra-)distinct heart defects. |
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Term
| Congestive heart failure(CHF) |
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Definition
| Heart is unable to pump is required amount of blood. |
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Term
| Coronary artery disease(CAD) |
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Definition
| Disease of the arteries surrounding the heart. |
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Term
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Definition
| Inflammation of the Inner lining of the heart. |
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Term
| Hypertensive heart disease |
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Definition
| High blood pressure affecting the heart. |
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Term
| Mitral valve prolapse(MVP) |
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Definition
| Improper closure of the mitral valve |
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Term
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Definition
| Extra heart sound, heart between normal beats. |
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Term
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Definition
| Inflammation of the membrane(pericardium)surrounding the heart. |
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Term
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Definition
| Heart disease caused by rheumatic fever. |
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Term
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Definition
| Local widening(dilation) of an arterial wall. |
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Term
| Deep vein thrombosis(DVT) |
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Definition
| Blood clot(thrombus) forms in a large vein, usually in a lower limb. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Peripheral arterial disease(PAD) |
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Definition
| Blockage of arteries carrying blood to the legs, arms, kidneys, and other organs. |
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Term
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Definition
| Recurrent episodes of pallor and cyanosis primarily in fingers and toes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Abnormally swollen and twisted veins, usually occurring in the legs |
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Term
| Acute coronary syndromes(ACSs) |
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Definition
| Unstable angina and myocardial infarction(heart attack), which are consequences of plaque rupture in coronary arteries. |
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Term
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Definition
| Chest pain resulting from myocardial ischemia. Stable angina occurs predictably with exertion; unstable angina is chest pain that occurs more often and with less exertion. |
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Term
| Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)inhibitor |
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Definition
| Antihypertensive drug that blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, causing blood vessels to dilate. |
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Term
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Definition
| Listening for sounds in blood vessels or other body structures, typically using a stethoscope. |
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Term
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Definition
| Drug used to treat angina, hypertension, and arrhythmias. It blocks the action of epinephrine(adrenaline)at receptors sites on cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| Device enabling ventricles to beat together (in synchrony) so that more blood is pumped out of the heart. |
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Term
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Definition
| Abnormal blowing or swishing sound heard during auscultation of an artery or organ. |
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Term
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Definition
| Drug used to treat angina and hypertension. It dilates blood vessels by blocking the influx of calcium into muscle cells lining vessels. |
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Term
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Definition
| Sudden, unexpected stoppage of heart condition, often leading to sudden cardiac death. |
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Term
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Definition
| Pressure on the heart caused by fluid in the pericardial space. |
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Term
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Definition
| Pain, tension, and weakness in a leg after walking has begun, but absence of pain at rest. |
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Term
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Definition
| Drug that treats arrhythmias and strengthens the heartbeat. |
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Term
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Definition
| Clot or other substances that travels to a distant location and suddenly blocks a blood vessel. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Drugs used in the treatment of angia. They dilate blood vessels, increasing blood flow and oxygen to myocardial tissue. |
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Term
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Definition
| Nitrate drug used in the treatment of angina. |
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Term
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Definition
| Closure of a blood vessel due to blockage |
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Term
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Definition
| Uncomfortable sensations in the chest related to cardiac arrhythmias, such as premature ventricular contractions(PVCs) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Scraping or grating noise heard on auscultation of the heart; suggestive of pericarditis. |
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Term
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Definition
| Small, pinpoint hemorrhages. |
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Term
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Definition
| Drugs used to lower cholesterol in the bloodstream |
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Term
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Definition
| Vibration felt over an area of turmoil in blood flow (as a blocked artery). |
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Term
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Definition
| Clumps of platelets, clotting proteins, microorganism, and red blood cells on diseased heart valves. |
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Term
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Definition
| Measurement of BNP (brain natriuretic peptide)in blood. |
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Term
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Definition
| Chemicals are measured in the blood as evidence of a heart attack. |
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Term
| Lipid tests(lipid profile) |
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Definition
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Term
| Lipoprotein electrophoresis |
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Definition
| Lipoproteins(combinations of fat and protein) are physically separated and measured in a blood sample. |
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Term
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Definition
| X-ray imaging of blood vessels after injection of contrast material. |
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Term
| Computed tomography angiography(CTA) |
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Definition
| Three-dimensional x-ray images of the heart and coronary arteries using computed tomography(64-slice CT scanner) |
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Term
| Digital subtraction angiography(DSA) |
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Definition
| Video equipment and a computer produce x-ray images of blood vessels. |
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Term
| Electron beam computed tomography(EBCT or EBT) |
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Definition
| Electron beams and CT identify calcium deposits in and around coronary arteries to diagnose early CAD. |
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Term
| Doppler ultrasound studies |
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Definition
| Sound waves measure blood flow within blood vessels. |
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Term
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Definition
| Echoes generated by high-frequency sound waves produce images of the heart |
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Term
| Positron emission tomography (PET) scan |
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Definition
| Images show blood and myocardial function following uptake of radioactive glucose. |
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Term
| Technetium Tc 99m sestamibi scan |
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Definition
| Technetium Tc 99m sestamibi injected intravenously is taken up in cardiac tissue, where it is detected by scanning. |
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Term
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Definition
| Concentration of radioactive thallium is measured to give information about blood supply to the heart muscle. |
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Term
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Definition
| Images of the heart are produced using radiowave energy in a magnetic field. |
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Term
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Definition
| Thin, flexible tube is guided into the heart via a vein or an artery. |
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Term
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Definition
| Recording of electricity flowing through the heart. |
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Term
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Definition
| An ECG device is worn during a 24-hour period to detect cardiac arrhythmias. |
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Term
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Definition
| Exercise tolerance test(ETT) determines that heart's response to physical exertion(stress). |
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Term
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Definition
| Brief delivery of radiofrequency energy to destroy areas of heart tissue that may be causing arrhythmias. |
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Term
| Coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG) |
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Definition
| Arteries and veins are anastomosed to coronary arteries to detour around blockages. |
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Term
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Definition
| Brief discharges of electricity are applied across the chest to stop dysrhythmias(ventricular fibrillation). |
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Term
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Definition
| Surgical removal of plaque from the inner layer of an artery. |
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Term
| Extracorporeal circulation |
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Definition
| Heart-lung machine diverts blood from the heart and lungs while the heart is repaired. |
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Term
| Percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) |
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Definition
| Balloon-tipped catheter is inserted into a coronary artery to open the artery; stents are put in place. |
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Term
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Definition
| Drugs to dissolve clots are injected into the bloodstream of patients with coronary thrombosis. |
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Term
| Transcatheter aortic valve replacement(TAVR) |
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Definition
| Placement of a balloon-expandable aortic heart valve into the body via a catheter. |
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Term
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Definition
| Abdominal aortic aneurysm |
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Term
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Definition
| Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor |
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Term
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Definition
| Advanced cardiac life support; CPR plus drugs and defibrillation |
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Term
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Definition
| Adenosine diphosphate; ADP blockers are used to prevent cardiovascular-related death, heart attack, and strokes and after all stent procedures. |
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Term
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Definition
| Automatic external defibrillator |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| automatic implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. |
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Term
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Definition
| Acute myocardial infarction |
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Term
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Definition
| angiotensin II receptor blocker |
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Term
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Definition
| arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Brain natriuretic peptide; elevated in congestive heart failure. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Coronary artery bypass grafting |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Creatine kinase; enzyme released after injury to skeletal or heart muscles. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Cardiopulmonary resuscitation |
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Term
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Definition
| Cardiac resynchronization therapy; biventricular pacing |
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Term
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Definition
| Cardiac troponin-I and cardiac troponin-T |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Digital subtraction angiography |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation |
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Term
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Definition
| Ejection fraction; measure of the amount of blood that pumps out of the heart with each beat. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Exercise tolerance test combined with a radioactive tracer( sestamibi) scan |
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Term
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Definition
| Endovascular aneurysm repair |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| High-density lipoprotein; high blood levels are associated with lower incidence of coronary artery disease. |
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Term
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Definition
| High-sensitivity C-reactive protein- biomarker for inflammation in prediction of heart attack risk |
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Term
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Definition
| Hypertension(high blood pressure) |
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Term
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Definition
| Intra-aortic balloon pump; used to support patients in cardiogenic shock |
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Term
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Definition
| Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Left anterior descending(coronary artery) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Low-molecular-weight heparin |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Left ventricular assist device |
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Term
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Definition
| Left ventricular hypertrophy |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Multiple-gated acquisition scan; a radioactive test of heart function. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| N-terminal pro-peptide of BNP |
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Term
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Definition
| Non-ST elevation myocardial infarction |
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Term
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Definition
| Premature atrial contraction |
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Term
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Definition
| Peripheral arterial disease |
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Term
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Definition
| Percutaneous coronary intervention |
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Term
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Definition
| Patent ductus arteriosus; posterior descending artery |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Premature ventricular contraction |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Single photon emission computed tomography, used for myocardial imaging with sestamibi scans |
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Term
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Definition
| ST elevation myocardial infarction |
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Term
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Definition
| Supraventricular tachycardia; rapid heartbeat arising from the atria |
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Term
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Definition
| Transcatheter aortic valve replacement |
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Term
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Definition
| Transesophageal echocardiography |
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Term
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Definition
| Thoracic endovascular aneurysm repair |
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Term
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Definition
| Transposition of the great arteries |
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Term
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Definition
| Tissue-type plasminogen activator; a drug used to prevent thrombosis |
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Term
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Definition
| Unstable angina; chest pain at rest or of increasing frequency |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Ventricular septal defect |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome; an abnormal ECG pattern often associated with paroxysmal tachycardia. |
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