Term
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Definition
| Chronic, organic mental disorder consisting from dementia that is more prevalent in adults between 40 and 60. Involves progressive disorientation, apathy, speech and gait disturbances, and loss of memory. |
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Term
| Bell's palsy (facial paralysis) |
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Definition
| One-sided facial paralysis with an unknown cause. The person cannot control salivation, tearing of the eyes, or expression. The patient will eventually recover. |
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Term
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Definition
| erve that carries impulses to the brain and spinal cord from the skin and sense organs. Also called sensory neurons. |
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Term
| amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) |
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Definition
| Disease with muscular weakness and atrophy due to degeneration of motor neurons of the spinal cord. Also called Lou Gehrig's disease, after the New York Yankees' baseball player who died from the disease. |
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Term
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Definition
| Relieves pain without the loss of consciousness. May be either narcotic or non-narcotic. Narcotic drugs are derived from the opium poppy and act on the brain to cause pain relief and drowsiness. |
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Term
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Definition
| Partial or complete loss of sensation with or without a loss of consciousness as a result of a drug, disease, or injury. |
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Term
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Definition
| Inability to communicate through speech. Often an aftereffect of a stroke (CVA). |
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Term
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Definition
| Having a lack of muscle coordination as a result of a disorder or disease. |
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Term
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Definition
| he portion of the nervous system that consists of nerves to the internal organs that function involuntarily. It regulates the functions of glands (especially the salivary, gastric, and sweat glands), the adrenal medulla, heart, and smooth muscle tissue. This system is divided into two parts: sympathetic and parasympathetic. |
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Term
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Definition
| Having a lack of muscle coordination as a result of a disorder or disease. |
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Term
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Definition
| The portion of the nervous system that consists of nerves to the internal organs that function involuntarily. It regulates the functions of glands (especially the salivary, gastric, and sweat glands), the adrenal medulla, heart, and smooth muscle tissue. This system is divided into two parts: sympathetic and parasympathetic. |
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Term
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Definition
| The portion of the nervous system that consists of nerves to the internal organs that function involuntarily. It regulates the functions of glands (especially the salivary, gastric, and sweat glands), the adrenal medulla, heart, and smooth muscle tissue. This system is divided into two parts: sympathetic and parasympathetic. |
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Term
| Bell's palsy (facial paralysis) |
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Definition
| One-sided facial paralysis with an unknown cause. The person cannot control salivation, tearing of the eyes, or expression. The patient will eventually recover. |
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Term
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Definition
| Surgical procedure for removing an obstruction within the carotid artery, a major artery in the neck that carries oxygenated blood to the brain. Developed to prevent strokes but found to be useful only in severe stenosis with TIA. |
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Term
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Definition
| The second largest portion of the brain, it is located beneath the posterior portion of the cerebrum. This part of the brain aids in coordinating voluntary body movements and maintaining balance and equilibrium. It is attached to be the brain stem by the pons. The cerebellum refines the muscular movement that is initiated in the cerebrum. |
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Term
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Definition
| A group of disabilities caused by injury to the brain either before or during birth or very early in infancy. This is the most common permanent disability in childhood. |
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Term
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Definition
| Watery clear fluid found in the ventricles of the brain. It provides protection from shock or sudden motion to the brain. |
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Term
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Definition
| Also called a stroke. The development of an infarct due to loss in the blood supply to an area of the brain. Blood flow can interrupted by a ruptured blood vessel (hemorrhage), a floating clot (embolus), a stationary clot (thrombosis), or compression. The extent of damage depends on the size and location of the infarct and often includes speech problems and muscles paralysis. |
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Term
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Definition
| nerves that arise from the brain. |
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Term
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Definition
| Nerves that carry impulses away from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles and glands. Also called motor neurons. |
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Term
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Definition
| Recurrent disorder of the brain in which convulsive seizures and loss of consciousness occur. |
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Term
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Definition
| Paralysis on only one side of the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| Removal of a portion of a vertebra in order to relieve pressure on the spinal nerve. |
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Term
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Definition
| Three connective tissue membrane layers that surround the brain and spinal cord. The three layers are dura mater, arachnoid layer, pia mater. The dura mater and arachnoid layer are separated by the subdural space. The arachnoid layer and pia mater are separated by the subarachnoid space. |
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Term
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Definition
| A specific type of headache characterized by severe head pain, photophobia, vertigo, and nausea. |
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Term
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Definition
| Inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. Rare in children. Generally strikes adults between the ages of 20 and 40. There is progressive weakness and numbness. |
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Term
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Definition
| Tissue that wraps around many of the nerve fibers. It is composed of fatty material and functions as an insulator. |
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Term
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Definition
| Physician who specializes in disorders of the nervous system |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Chemical messenger that carries an electrical impulse across the gap between two neurons |
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Term
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Definition
| Paralysis of the lower portion of the body and both legs. |
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Term
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Definition
| Chronic disorder of the nervous system with fine tremors, muscular weakness, rigidity, and a shuffling gait. |
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Term
| peripheral nervous system (PNS) |
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Definition
| The portion of the nervous system that contains the cranial nerves and spinal nerves. These nerves are mainly responsible for voluntary muscle movement, smell, taste, sight, and hearing. |
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Term
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Definition
| Acute viral disease that causes an inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord, resulting in paralysis in some cases. Has been brought under almost total control through vaccinations. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Nerves that carry sensory information from sensory receptors to the brain; also called afferent neurons. |
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Term
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Definition
| Nerve fibers that are located directly under the surface of the skin. These receptors detect temperature, pain, touch, and pressure. The messages for these sensations are conveyed to the brain and spinal cord from the nerve endings in the skin. |
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Term
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Definition
| Congenital defect in the walls of the spinal canal in which the laminae of the vertebra do not meet or close. Results in membranes of the spinal cord being pushed through the opening. Can also result in other defects, such as hydrocephalus. |
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Term
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Definition
| A nerve that arises from the spinal cord. |
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Term
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Definition
| The point at which the axon of one neuron meets the dendrite of the next neuron. |
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Term
| transient ischemic attack (TIA) |
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Definition
| Temporary interference with blood supply to the brain, causing neurological symptoms such as dizziness, numbness, and hemiparesis. May lead eventually to a full-blown stoke (CVA). |
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