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Definition
| outermost layer of the bone, made up of fibrous tissue |
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Definition
| dense, hard layers of bone tissue that lie underneath the periosteum |
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Definition
| contains little spaces like a sponge and is encased in the layers of compact bone |
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Definition
| membranous lining of the hollow cavity of the bone |
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Definition
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Term
| epiphysis (pl. epiphyses) |
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Definition
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Definition
| material found in the cavities of bones |
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Definition
| thick, blood-like material found in flat bones and the ends of long bones; location of blood cell formation |
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Definition
| soft, fatter material found in the medullary cavity of long bones |
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| made up of bones called vertebrae (pl.) or vertebra (sing.) through which the spinal cord runs; the vertebral column protects the spinal cord, supports the head, and provides a point of attachment for ribs and muscles |
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Definition
| C1 to C7; first set of seven bones, forming the neck |
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Definition
| T1 to T12; second set of 12 vertebrae; they articulate with the 12 pairs of ribs to form the outward curve of the spine |
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Definition
| L1 to L5; third set of five larger vertebrae, which forms the inward curve of the spine |
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Definition
| next five vertebrae (below the lumbar vertebrae), which fuse together to form a triangular bone positioned between the two hip bones |
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Definition
| four vertebrae fused together to form the tailbone |
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Definition
| part of the vertebral arch |
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| extension of the scapula, which forms the high point of the shoulder |
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| lower portion of the sternum |
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Definition
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Term
| phalanges (sing. phalanx) |
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Definition
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Definition
| made up of three bones (ischium, ilium, pubis) fused together |
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Definition
| lower, rear portion of pelvic bone on which one sits |
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Term
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Definition
| upper, wing-shaped part of pelvic bone on each side |
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Definition
| anterior portion of the pelvic bone |
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Definition
| large socket in the pelvic bone for the head of the femur |
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| joint; hold our bones together and make movement possible |
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Definition
| smooth layer of gristle covering the contacting surface of joints |
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Definition
| crescent shaped cartilage found in the knee |
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Term
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Definition
| cartilaginous pad found between the vertebrae in the spine |
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Definition
| cartilaginous joint at which two pubic bones fuse together |
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Term
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Definition
| fluid secreted by the synovial membrane and found in joint cavities |
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Term
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Definition
| fluid-filled sac that allows for easy movement of one part of a joint over another |
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Term
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Definition
| flexible, tough band of fibrous connective tissue that attaches one bone to another at a joint |
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Term
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Definition
| band of fibrous connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone |
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Term
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Definition
| strong sheet of tissue that acts as a tendon to attach muscles to bones |
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Term
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Definition
| striated muscles; attached to bones by tendons and make body movement possible; produce action by pulling and by working in pairs; also known as voluntary muscles because we have control over these muscles |
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Term
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Definition
| unstriated muscles; located in internal organs such as the walls of blood vessels and the digestive tract; also called involuntary muscles because they respond to impulses form the autonomic nerves and are not controlled voluntarily |
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Term
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Definition
| myocardium; forms most of the wall of the heart; its involuntary contraction produces the heartbeat |
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Definition
| movement of drawing away from the middle |
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Definition
| movement of drawing toward the middle |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| movement in which a limb is placed in a straight position |
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Definition
| movement in which a limb is bent |
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Definition
| movement that turns the palm down |
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Definition
| movement that turns the palm up |
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Definition
| turning around its own axis |
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| loin, lumbar region of the spine |
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Definition
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| phalanges (finger or toe bones) |
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Definition
| synovia, synovial membrane |
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Definition
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Definition
| lamina (thin, flat plate or layer) |
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Definition
| surgical fixation, fusion |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| abnormal condition of stiffness (often referring to a joint, such as the result of chronic rheumatoid arthritis) |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of a joint(the most common forms of arthritis are rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis) |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of joint cartilages |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| drooping wrist (wristdrop) |
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Definition
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Definition
| (congenital) fissure of the skull |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of an (intervertebral) disk |
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Term
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Definition
| pain in the fibrous tissues and muscles (a common condition characterized by widespread pain and stiffness of muscles, fatigue, and disturbed sleep) |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal condition of a hump (of the thoracic spine); also called hunchback or humpback |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal condition of bending forward (forward curvature of the lumbar spine); also called swayback |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the maxilla |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of a meniscus |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| (malignant) tumor of the bone marrow |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the bone and joint |
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Term
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Definition
| cancerous tumor of the bone |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the bone and cartilage |
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Term
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Definition
| tumor of the bone and fibrous tissue |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the bone and bone marrow |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal condition of stonelike bone (marblelike bones caused by increased formation of bone) |
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Term
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Definition
| malignant tumor of the bone |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of many muscles |
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Term
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Definition
| (congenital) fissure of teh vertebral column; also called spina bifida |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal (lateral) curve (of the spine) |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the vertebral joints |
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Term
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Definition
| malignant tumor of the synovial membrane |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of a tendon (also spelled tendonitis) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the tendon and synovial membrane |
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Term
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Definition
| form of arthritis that first affects the spine and adjacent structures, and that, as it progresses, causes a forward bend of the spine; also called Strumpell-Marie arthritis or disease, and rheumatoid spondylitis |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe; it is a common problem, often hereditary or caused by poorly fitted shoes; also called hallux valgus |
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Term
| carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) |
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Definition
| a common, painful disorder of the wrist caused by compression of a nerve |
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Term
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Definition
| a type of wrist fracture (the fracture is at the lower end of the radius, the distal fragment being displaced backward) |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal benign growth on the surface of a bone; also called spur |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| disease in which an excessive amount of uric acid in the blood causes sodium urate crystals (tophi) to be deposited in the joints, especially that of the great toe |
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Term
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Definition
| rupture of the intervertebral disk cartilabe, which allows the contents to protrude through it, putting pressure on teh spinal nerve roots; also called slipped disk, ruptured disk, herniated intervertebral disk, or herniated nucleus pulposus |
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Term
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Definition
| group of hereditary diseases characterized by degeneration of muscle and weakness |
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Term
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Definition
| chronic disease characterized by muscle weakness and thought to be caused by a defect in the transmission of impulses from nerve to muscle cell; the face, larynx, and throat are frequently affected; no true paralysis of the muscles exists |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal loss of bone density occurring frequently in postmenopausal women |
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Term
| rheumatoid arthritis (RA) |
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Definition
| a chronic systemic disease characterized by autoimmune inflammatory changes in the connective tissue throughout the body |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| (surgical) breaking of a (stiff) joint |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical fixation of a joint |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical repair of a joint |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| excision of a carpal bone |
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Definition
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Definition
| surgical repair of a cartilage |
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Definition
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Definition
| surgical repair of the skull |
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Term
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Definition
| incision of the skull (as for surgery of the brain) |
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Term
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Definition
| excision of an intervertebral disk; also spelled discectomy |
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Term
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Definition
| excision of a lamina (often performed to relieve pressure on the nerve roots in the lower spine caused by a herniated disk and other conditions) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| excision of the meniscus (performed for a torn cartilage) |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| (surgical) breaking of a bone (to correct a deformity) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| excision of a finger or toe bone |
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Term
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Definition
| incision into the vertebral column |
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Term
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Definition
| fusing together of the vertebrae (spinal fusion) |
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Term
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Definition
| excision of the synovial membrane (of a joint) |
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Term
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Definition
| excision of (one or more) tarsal bones |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical repair of the tendon and muscle |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| surgical repair of the vertebra |
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Term
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Definition
| x-ray imaging of a joint (with contrast medium) |
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Term
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Definition
| visual examination of a joint |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical puncture of a joint to aspirate fluid |
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Term
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Definition
| record of the (intrinsic) electrical activity in a (skeletal) muscle |
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Definition
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Definition
| without development (wasting) |
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| pertaining to the cranium |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| pertaining to the humerus |
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Definition
| excessive movement (overactive) |
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Definition
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Definition
| pertaining to the ilium and femur |
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Definition
| pertaining to between the ribs |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to between the vertebrae |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to within the cranium |
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Definition
| pertaining to the ischium and fibula |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to the ischium and pubis |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to the loins (the part of the back between the thorax and pelvis |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to the loins and the ribs |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to the lumbar regions (loin) and the sacrum |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| abnormal death of bone (tissues) |
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Definition
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Definition
| pertaining to the pelvis and the sacrum |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to the pubis and femur |
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Definition
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Definition
| pertaining to the sacrum and vertebrae |
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Definition
| pertaining to the sternum and clavicle |
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Definition
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Definition
| pertaining to below the rib |
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Definition
| pertaining to below the mandible |
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Definition
| pertaining to below the maxilla |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to below the scapula |
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Definition
| pertaining to below the sternum |
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Definition
| pertaining to above the scapula |
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Definition
| pertaining to above the patella |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to the vertebrae and ribs |
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Definition
| specialist in treating and diagnosing diseases and disorders of the foot, including medical and surgical treatment |
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Term
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Definition
| system of therapy that consists of manipulation of the vertebral column |
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Term
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Definition
| specialist in chiropractic |
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Term
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Definition
| branch of medicine dealing with the study and treatment of diseases and abnormalities of the musuloskeletal system |
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Term
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Definition
| physician who specializes in orthopedics |
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Term
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Definition
| making and fitting of orthopedic appliances, such as arch supports, used to support, align, prevent, or correct deformities |
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Term
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Definition
| a person who specializes in orthotics |
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Term
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Definition
| physician who specializes in osteopathy |
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Term
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Definition
| system of medicine that uses the usual forms of diagnosis and treatment but places greater emphasis on the role of the relation between body organs and the musculoskeletal system; manipulation may be used in addition to other treatments |
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Term
| prosthesis (pl. prostheses) |
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Definition
| an artificial substitute for a missing body part such as a leg, eye, or total hip replacement |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| herniated nucleus pulposus |
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