digestive  prefixes 

• abdomin/o: Refers to the abdomen.
• an/o: Refers to the anus.
• antr/o: Refers to the antrum (a cavity or chamber, often in the stomach).
• append/o: Refers to the appendix.
• appendic/o: Also refers to the appendix.
• cec/o: Refers to the cecum (the first part of the large intestine).
• celi/o: Refers to the abdomen or abdominal cavity.
• cheil/o: Refers to the lip.
• chol/e: Refers to bile or gall.
• cholangi/o: Refers to bile ducts.
• choledoch/o: Refers to the common bile duct.
• col/o: Refers to the colon.
• colon/o: Also refers to the colon.
• diverticul/o: Refers to a diverticulum (a small pouch or sac opening from a hollow organ).
• duoden/o: Refers to the duodenum (the first part of the small intestine).
• hemi half

urinary prefixes

• a- and an-: Both mean "without" or "absence of" (e.g., anuria - absence of urine production). 
   
• dia-: Means "through" or "complete" (e.g., dialysis - a process of filtering waste from the blood when the kidneys are not working properly). 
   
• dys-: Means "painful," "abnormal," or "difficult" (e.g., dysuria - painful urination). 
   
• poly-: Means "many" or "much" (e.g., polyuria - excessive urination). 
   
• albumin/o: Refers to albumin, a protein found in the urine. 
   
• azot/o: Refers to urea or nitrogen, waste products filtered by the kidneys. 
   
• cyst/o: Refers to the bladder or sac (e.g., cystitis - inflammation of the bladder). 
   
• glomerul/o: Refers to the glomerulus, a structure within the kidney that filters blood. 
   
• hydr/o: Refers to water (e.g., hydronephrosis - swelling of a kidney due to a backup of urine). 
   
• lith/o: Refers to stone or calculus (e.g., nephrolithiasis - kidney stones). 
   
• meat/o: Refers to the meatus, the opening of the urethra. 
   
• nephr/o: Refers to the kidney (e.g., nephritis - inflammation of the kidney). 
   
• olig/o: Means "few" or "scanty" (e.g., oliguria - decreased urine output). 
   
• pyel/o: Refers to the renal pelvis, the funnel-shaped part of the kidney that collects urine. 
• ia - condition of diseased state

digestive system suffixes

1. -ac: Pertaining to.
2. -al: Pertaining to.
3. -algia: Pain.
4. -ase: Enzyme.
5. -cele: Hernia, protrusion.
6. -centesis: Surgical puncture to aspirate fluid.
7. -chezia: Defecation, elimination of wastes.
8. -dynia: Pain.
9. -eal: Pertaining to.
10. -ectasis, -ectasia: Stretching, dilation, widening.
11. -ectomy: Excision.
12. -emesis: Vomiting.
13. -gram: The record, radiographic image.
14. -graph: Instrument used to record.
15. -graphy: Process of recording.
16. -ia: Condition of, diseased state, abnormal state.
17. -iasis: Abnormal condition.
18. -ic: Pertaining to.
19. -ism: Condition.
20. -ist: Specialist.
21. -itis: Inflammation.
22. -lith: Stone.
23. -logist: Specialist who studies and treats.
24. -logy: Study of.
25. -lysis: Destruction, breakdown.
26. -malacia: Softening.
27. -megaly: Enlargement.
28. -oma: Tumor.
29. -orrhaphy: Suturing, repairing.
30. -osis: Abnormal condition.
31. -pathy: Disease.
32. -pepsia: Digestion.
33. -phagia: Eating or swallowing.
34. -plasty: Surgical repair.
35. -ptosis: Prolapse, drooping.
36. -rrhea: Flow, discharge

urinary suffixes

• al and -ary: Pertaining to.
• -cele: Hernia, protrusion.
• -emia: In the blood.
• -esis and -iasis: Condition.
• -gram: The recorded radiographic image.
• -graph: Instrument used to record.
• -graphy: Process of recording, radiographic imaging.
• -itis: Inflammation.
• -lith: Stone.
• -lysis: Loosening, dissolution, separating.
• -megaly: Enlarged, enlargement.
• -oma: Tumor, swelling.
• -osis: Abnormal condition.
• -pexy: Surgical fixation, suspension.
• -ptosis: Drooping, sagging, prolapse.
• -rrhaphy: Suturing, repairing.
• -scope: Instrument used for visual examination.
• -scopic: Pertaining to visual examination.
• -scopy: Visual examination.
• -stomy: Creation of an artificial opening.
• -tomy: Cut into, incision.
• -tripsy: Surgical crushing.
• -uria: Urine, urination. 

digestive root words

Abdomin/o, an/o, antr/o, append/o, appendic/o, cec/o, celi/o, cheil/o, chol/e, cholangi/o, choledoch/o, col/o, colon/o, diverticul/o, duoden/o, enter/o, esophag/  gastr/o, gingiv/o, gloss/o, gnath/o, hepat/o, herni/o, ile/o, jejun/o, lapar/o, lingu/o, or/o, palat/o, pancreat/o, peritone/o, pharyng/o, polyp/o, proct/o, pylor/o, rect/o, sial/o, sigmoid/o, steat/o, stomat/o, uvul/o, xer/o, -ac, -cele, -centesis, -ectomy, -gram, -graph, -graphy, -pepsia, -phagia

urinary root words

• albumin/o: albumin (a protein).
• azot/o: urea, nitrogen.
• cyst/o: bladder, sac.
• glomerul/o: glomerulus (a cluster of capillaries in the kidney).
• hydr/o: water.
• lith/o: stone, calculus.
• nephr/o: kidney.
• pyel/o: renal pelvis (the funnel-like dilated part of the ureter in the kidney).
• ren/o: kidney.
• ureter/o: ureter (the tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder).
• urethr/o: urethra (the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body).
• urin/o: urine, urinary tract.
• vesic/o: bladder, sac.
• di(a): through, across
• dys: painful, difficult
• hyper: excessive, above normal
• hypo: deficient, below normal
• poly: many, much
• retro: backward, behind
• py/o: pus
• olig/o: scanty, few

31 digestive abreviations acroynms and eponyms.

• ABC: Aspiration biopsy cytology.
• a.c.: Before meals.
• ALT: Alanine aminotransferase.
• APR: Abdominoperineal resection.
• AST: Aspartate aminotransferase.
• Ba: Barium.
• BE: Barium enema.
• BM: Bowel movement.
• BMI: Body mass index.
• CD: Crohn's disease.
• CBD: Common bile duct.
• CT: Computed tomography.
• EGD: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy.
• ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.
• EUS: Endoscopic ultrasound or endoscopic ultrasonography.
• FOBT: Fecal occult blood test.
• GB: Gallbladder.
• GERD: Gastroesophageal reflux disease.
• GI: Gastrointestinal.
• HAV: Hepatitis A virus.
• HBV: Hepatitis B virus.
• HCV: Hepatitis C virus.
• IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease.
• IBS: Irritable bowel syndrome.
• LES: Lower esophageal sphincter.
• LFT: Liver function test.
• LLQ: Left lower quadrant.
• LUQ: Left upper quadrant.
• N&V: Nausea and vomiting.
• NG: Nasogastric.
• NPO: Nothing by mouth. 

31 urinary abreviations acroynms and eponyms

• ADH: Antidiuretic hormone
• AGN: Acute glomerulonephritis
• ARF: Acute renal failure
• ATN: Acute tubular necrosis
• BNO: Bladder neck obstruction
• BUN: Blood urea nitrogen
• CAPD: Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis
• Cath: Catheter or catheterization
• CC: Clean catch urine specimen
• CCPD: Continuous cycling peritoneal dialysis
• CKD: Chronic kidney disease
• C&S: Culture and sensitivity testing
• CrCl: Creatinine clearance
• CRF: Chronic renal failure
• Cysto: Cystoscopy
• DRE: Digital rectal exam
• ESRD: End-stage renal disease
• ESWL: Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy
• EU: Excretory urography
• GFR: Glomerular filtration rate
• GU: Genitourinary
• HD: Hemodialysis
• IC: Interstitial cystitis
• IPSS: International Prostate Symptom Score
• IVP: Intravenous pyelogram
• KUB: Kidney, ureter, and bladder X-ray
• OAB: Overactive bladder
• PD: Peritoneal dialysis
• PKD: Polycystic kidney disease
• PSA: Prostate-specific antigen
• UA: Urinalysis
• UTI: Urinary tract infection
• VCUG: Voiding cystourethrogram