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| culture, nationality, class, etc. |
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| who they are that makes them them. |
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| Traditional counseling has focused on |
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Definition
| intrapsychic and interpersonal influences in human behavior. |
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| Instead of studying customs, traditions, values, and beliefs |
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| focused on universal human traits, and individual human characteristics. |
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| Three tradional psychotherapy orientations |
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| psychodynamic, behaviorism, and humanism |
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| 2 shortcomings of of traditional approaches |
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| thesociopolitical context of trad counseling, and conceptualization of culturally diverse patients. |
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| a holistic concept that ties together the belief systems, values, lifestyles, and modes of problem-solving for a particular group. |
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| 5 dimensions to worldview |
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Definition
view of human nature. (good, bad, neutral)
perspective on time (past, present, future)
human activity (being, being in becoming, doing)
social relationships (lineal, collateral, individualistic)
relationship with nature ( harmony with, mastery over, subjugated by) |
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neg. view of nature (drives)
an emphasis on the past (childhood experiences)
doing
individualistic
mastery over nature
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Definition
neutral view of human nature (blank slate)
present time focus (observable behaviors)
a doing system (behaviors and token system)
individualistic nature
Mastery over nature ( control over behavior)
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Definition
positive view of human nature (caapacity for growth and self-actualization)
present time orientation (here and now)
being in becoming
individualistic
mastery over nature
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| The three traditional approaches hold what kind of wrk ethic? |
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| MC Counseling- what force? |
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minority/majority
dominate/subordinate
oppressed/privileged
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3 things multicultural theory aproaches
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intercultural and intracultural issues
oppression and its effects
language and communication |
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Definition
1. It's a metatheory, thus biased to the clients it's designed for.
2. Both clients and counselors develop identities within multiple contexts and layers and the totality of all those needs to be considered in a clinical setting.
3. for clients/counselors, the devt of cultural identity influences attitude for both self and groups
4. MCT is most successful when counselors are using multiple modalities in their work with clients.
5. multiple forms of intervention
6. stresses the liberation of consciousness as the basic goal of MCT. |
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| psychotherapy are used to continue oppression by |
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Definition
| not understanding clients' sociopolitical |
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| Instead of holding to the western view of individualism- that people should focus on self-improvement and strong responsibility, no matter how hard their circumstances, counselors should |
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Definition
| understand social justice, social action, and advocacy. |
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inequality in power.
unjustly denied the opportunity of "resiliant autonomy" |
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| contemporary US oppresssion |
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| based on systematic and structural constraints that do not strain from individual tyrannical leader but rather the result of of rules and practices related to the power afforded by the privilege and domination of some groups with severe consequences to those in the subordinate group. |
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| Allport's model of oppression |
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Definition
1. prejudical talk
2. avoidance of people
3. discrimination
4. physical attack
5. Extermination |
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| Young's model of oppression |
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Definition
| exploitation, marginalization, powerlessness, cultural imperialism, and violence. |
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| menial work. unskilled, low-paying. Energies of the exploited are expended at the system's benefit to maintain power, status or wealth to a group. |
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| Affecting people who the system cannot or will not use. Usually dependent on social services |
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| universalization of the values of a particular group |
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| When a person can't funtion as a complete human beimg due to violence from others. (burdened) |
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| psychological and physical effects |
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| discrimination of disability |
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| fear/hatred of strangers or foreigners |
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(not a fixed characteristic)
defined as: requiring exposure to risk/adversary, overcoming it and succeeding beyond expectations |
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| 4 basic protective factors |
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1. strong sense of self efficacy and personal identity
2. Did not accept culture's assesment of themselves
3. Strong sense of purpose and mission
4. learned to advocate for a whole group of people. |
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| most influential determinant in identity |
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