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| concise summary of a research article, highlighting the objective, hypothesis, partcipants, methods, setting, conclusion |
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| true difference between two or more groups |
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| Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) |
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| type of analysis of variance that controls for pre-existing differences between groups |
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| Analysis of variance (ANOVA) |
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| commonly used test of significance for multiple group that compares variance between group to variance within groups |
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| another term for a quantative, experimental study |
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| One of three core ethical values- refers to value of doing no harm, max. potential benefits and min. potential risks of research participants |
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| design strategy where knowledge of the group assignment is concealed from either participants or researchers |
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| Case-control design or study |
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| type of observational study in which both the exposure and outcome have already occurred and are being analyzed |
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Definition
detailed account of the history, presenting, symptoms,observations, assessment
Case report= more oftern used in health care literature |
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| reference to a journel article |
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| expermential studey where the reseacher randomly assigns treatment to group of participants |
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| group formed at a common point in time |
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| patient or reseach participant has multiple health conditions, usually exclusion criterion |
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| adherence to the study protocal |
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| variable that blurs the relationship between two othe variables |
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| Control group/comparsion group |
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Definition
| group of study participants who do not receive treatment being studied |
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Definition
| comparing an exposure and outcome using data from large population |
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| study that provides a record/description of events or activities |
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| acquiring knowledge by observation and verification through physical examination |
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| conscientious, explicit and judicious use of current best reserach evidence in making decision about the care of individual patients |
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| capacity of a study to be generalized to other groups or clinical setting |
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| Idea that science progresses best through demonstrating that a hypothesis is false |
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Definition
| another name for a cohort study |
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| threat to internal valididty, an event that occurs during the course of a study and influences the outcome but is unrelated to the treatment |
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Definition
| capacity of study to link case and effect |
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| One of the three core ethical values- refers to fairness in the distribution of the benefits and burdens of the research participation |
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| journal feature where readers write in response to previously published articles |
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Definition
| estimated amount of possible statisical error |
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| threat to internal validity, events that occur naturally with passage of time |
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| summary review using a group of studies selected according to pre-established criteria |
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| freedom from bias in the qualitative research process |
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| opposite of placebo effect |
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| more accurate term for the placebo response, which is positive response to inactive sham treatment |
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| calculation of number of participants needed in the study have 80% probability of detecting geniune effect |
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| chances of particular outcome |
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| research methods based on the collection and analysis of numerical data |
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| capacity of the study to be replicated by another |
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| one of the three core ethical values= treating people as autonomous beings who can make choices based on own interests or preferences |
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| case report that makes use of existing data that have already been observed and recorded |
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| process by which participants in a study are selected to represent experimental population |
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| study participants with pre existing and systemic differences are assigned to groups |
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| evidence that the results of a study are not due to chance or random error |
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| specific group of participants in a given study, subset of total experimental population |
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Definition
| most basic test of statistical signficance used to compare the means of two groups |
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| Test of statocstocal significance |
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Definition
| determine the statistical probablilty or extent to which any observed differences between two or more group means being compared due to chance |
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| capacity of a qualitative study's findings to be applied to other context, settings, or groups |
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| use of more then one method or strategy of data collection |
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| mistake based on random error |
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| statistical signficiance despite the presence of a true effect often due to lack of statistical power from too small of group |
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Definition
| too many types= test or instrument measures what it is suppose to measure |
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