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| Oceans cover roughly how much of the earths surface? |
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| name earths five principle oceans |
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| Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Arctic, Antarctic |
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Which ocean does the following data describe?
- Worlds largest ocean
- Worlds deepest ocean
- Earths largest geographic feature
- Named in 1520 by Ferdinand Magellan |
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Which ocean does the following data describe?
- half the size of the worlds largest ocean
- shallower than the worlds largest ocean
- seperates the old world from the new world |
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Which ocean does the following data describe?
- Smaller than the worlds second largest ocean
- similar depth as the worlds second largest ocean
- primarily in the souther hemisphere
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Which ocean does the following data describe?
- seven percent the size of the worlds largest ocean
- shallowest world ocean
- permanent layer of sea ice a few meters thick
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Which ocean does the following data describe?
- Circumnavigates ____
- lies 50 S latitude |
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| ______ sailed on a balsa raft in 1947 to demonstrate migration of South Americans to Pacific Ocean islands was also possible. |
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| ____ were the first from the Western Hemisphere to develop navigation arts |
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| what group of people are known to have navigated circa 2000 BC |
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| ____ Explored Med. Sea, Red Sea and Indian ocean. |
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| ____ First circumnavigation of Africa |
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| __ Sailed northward using a simple method to determine latitude in 325 BC |
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| _____ Navigated using the North Star |
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| ____ determined earths circumference fairly accurately |
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| Who developed latitude and longitude |
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| ____ produced fairly accurate world map around 150 A.D. |
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| ___ erroneously updated Aratosthenes original circumference estimation, later causing Columbus to believe he had reached Asia! |
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| _____ explored the North Atlantic Ocean |
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| ____ settled Iceland and Greenland in 9th and 10th centuries A.D. |
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| _____ designated part of eastern Canada "Vinland" AKA Newfoundland in 995 A.D. |
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| What did Leif Eriksson accomplish in 995 A.D.? |
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Definition
| he designated Vinland (now Newfoundland) |
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| ____ sought trade routes around africa |
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Definition
| Prince Henry the Navigator |
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| ____ was financed by the spanish to find new trade routes to Asia. |
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| ___ arrived in northeast North America in 1497 |
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| Spaniard ________ circumnavigated the globe |
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| what country defeated the spanish armada |
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| when did spains maritime dominance end ? |
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| What years were Peter Pans rival alive? |
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| Captain James Cook lived from 1728 to 1779 |
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| who mapped the islands in Pacific? |
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Term
who was it that commanded the following ships?
- HMS Endeavour
- Resolution
- Adventure |
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| ____ systematically measured ocean characteristics |
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Term
| all bodies in the solar system formed from nebula describes what hypothesis? |
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| ____________ describes the layers of water in a body of water with a layer of cold dense water at the bottom and, at temperatures above freezing, a warmer layer floating on top. |
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| ____ is low density and mainly silicate minerals |
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| ______ is mainly iron (Fe) and magnesium (Mg) silicate minerals |
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| _____ High-density, mainly iron (Fe) and nickel (Ni) |
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| ____ occurred during density stratification |
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true or false:
physical laws of nature havent changed through time |
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| ____ == using a weighted line that has distances marked |
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| bouncing and measuring sonar waves off the sea floor is a form of: |
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Earths surface is covered by a series of rigid slabs that move in relation to one another and interact at the margins is a description of: _____ |
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| one large continent existed 200 million years ago is known as: |
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| who was a famous WW2 submarine captain / geologist ? |
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| regular pattern of north-south magnetism stripes |
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| spreading center in the middle ocean is called |
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| oceanic trench site of crust destruction is |
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| ____ tectonic plates that float on ductile asthenosphere |
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| mid ocean ridge also known as |
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| slow spreading steep slopes mid atlantic describes what: |
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| fast spreading gentle slopes east pacific describes what: |
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| denser plate is subducted deep trenches generated volcanic island arcs generated |
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Definition
| oceanic-oceanic convergence |
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Term
| ocean plate is subducted continental arcs generated |
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Definition
| oceanic continental convergence |
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| no subduction tall mountains uplifted |
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Definition
| continental-continental convergence |
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| what's a term for a hotspot track? |
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| transforms faults occur between mid-ocean ridge segments |
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| cuts across continent - such as the san andreas fault |
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| continental transform fault |
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| part of continent not ocean |
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| usually in the center where oceanic crust is created |
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| broad flat bounded by continental shelves ridges trenches |
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| usually at margin where oceanic crust returns the mantle |
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| are coincident with plate boundaries |
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| do not coincide with plate boundaries |
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| velocity 6-8km per second |
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| particle motion is parallel to direction of wave propagation |
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| travel through solids liquids gasses |
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| particle motion is perpendicular to direction of propagation |
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| do not pass through liquids |
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| where do most large earthquakes occur? |
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| broad slightly domed volcano is a |
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| this type of volcano is most often found adjacent to the Pacific ocean |
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Term
| granitic rocks are also refered to as: |
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Definition
| felsic, feldspar and silica |
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Term
| basaltic rocks are also referred to as |
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Definition
| mafic- magnesium and iron |
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Term
| shallow water areas close to shore |
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| deep water areas farther from land |
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Term
| active continental volcanoes is a feature of a |
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| linear islands banks and deep basins close to shore is an example of |
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Definition
| transform continental margin |
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Term
continental shelf
shelf break
continental slope
continental rise
are all features of: |
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Term
| ____ is where a marked increase in slope angle occurs |
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| californias transform active margin has a: |
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| narrow deep v shape in profile is a description of a |
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| submarine canyons are often carved out by: |
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| continental rise can often be marked by ___ _____ and are caused by turbidity currents |
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Term
| deposites generate ____ fans or _____ fans |
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Definition
| deposites generate deep sea fans or submarine fans |
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| settling of very fine particles is known as: |
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how high in KM must the following be above sea floor:
seamounts, table mounts guyots |
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how far above the sea floor must the following be located:
abyssal hills or seaknolls |
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| true / false volcanic islands are below sea level |
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| convergent margins generate ____________ |
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| mountains on land such as the andes mountains are example of: |
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| downdropped area on crest of ridge |
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| shapes formed when hot basaltic lava quickly cools |
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| pillow lava or pillow basalt |
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| sea floor hot springs are also known as |
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| along mid ocean ridge offset spreading zones |
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| along pacific ocean mid ocean rise |
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| marine sediment derived from land |
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| marine sediment derived from organisms |
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| marine sediment derived from water |
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| marine sediment derived from outser space |
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| terrigenous sediment composition mainly contains what mineral? |
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| terrigenous sediment grain size can be measured how? |
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Definition
| with the wentworth scale of grain size |
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| shallow water deposites are |
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| deeper water deposites are |
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| at least 70% clay sized particles from continents describes: |
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| visible to the naked eye, shells bones teeth can be described as |
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| tiny shells or tests biogenic ooze can be described as |
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| two most common chemical compounds in sediment composition are: |
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| photosythetic algae are known as |
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| protozoans use external food and are known as |
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| shells of microsocpic organisms are |
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| diatoms and readiolarians generate |
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| nannoplankton are also known as |
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| individual plates from dead organisms are known as |
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| lithified coccolith-rich ooze is known as: |
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| protozoans, use external food |
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| carbonate minerals containing CO3 |
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| marine carbonates are primarily |
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| depth where CaCO3 readily dissolves |
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Definition
| CCD calcite compensation depth |
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| ancieant remains of microscropic organisms |
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| Also called clathrates, high pressures squeeze chilled water and gas into icelike solid |
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| is gypsum an evaprative salt ? |
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| fertilizer from plants also contains |
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