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| the system of rules that governs the ordering of values. |
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| Situation, problem or opportunity in which an individual must choose among several actions that must be evaluated as morally right or wrong. |
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| the moral principles and standards that guide behavior in the world of business. |
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| An act passed into law by Congress in 2002 to establish strict accounting and reporting in order to make senior managers more accountable and to improve and maintain investor confidence. |
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| In an organization, the processes by which decisions are evaluated and made on the basis of right and wrong. |
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| One who is both a moral person and a moral manager influencing others to behave ethically. |
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| compliance-based ethics programs |
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| Company mechanisms typically designed by corporate counsel to prevent, detect, and punish legal violations. |
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| integrity-based ethics programs |
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| Company mechanisms designed to instill in other people a personal responsibility for ethical behavior. |
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| corporate social responsibility |
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| Obligation towards society assumed by business. |
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| To obey local, state, federal, and relevant international laws. |
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| Meeting other social expectations, not written as law. |
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| philanthropic responsibilities |
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| Additional behaviors and activities that society finds desirable and that the values of the business support. |
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| An education with five higher goals that balance self-interest with responsibility to others. pg183 |
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| Its goal is the creation of sustainable economic development and improvement of quality of life worldwide for all organizational stakeholders. |
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| Economical growth and development that meet present needs without harming the needs of future generations. |
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| life-cycle analysis (LCA) |
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| A process of analyzing all inputs and outputs, though the entire "cradle-to-grave" life of a product, to determine total environmental impact. |
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| economic responsibilities |
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| To produce goods and services that society wants at a price that perpetuates the business and satisfies its obligations to investors. |
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Excessive emphasis on short term revenues over long term considerations. Failure to establish a written code of ethics. A desire for a "quick fix" solutions to ethical problems. An unwillingness to take an ethical stand that may impose financial costs. Consideration of ethics solely as a legal issue or a public relations tool. Lack of clear procedures for handling ethical problems. Responding to the demands of shareholders at the expense of other constituencies. |
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