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| organizations that are affected by, and that affect, their environment. |
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| Goods and services organizations take in to create products or services. |
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| The products and services organizations create. |
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| All relevant forces outside a firm's boundaries, such as competitors, customers, the government, and the economy. |
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| The immediate environment surrounding a firm; includes suppliers, customers, rivals, and the like. |
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| The general environment; includes governments, economic conditions, and other fundamental factors that generally affect all organizations. |
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| Measures of various characteristics of the people who make up groups or other social units. |
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| Conditions that prevent new companies from entering an industry. |
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| Fixed cost buyers face when they change suppliers. |
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| The managing of the network of facilities and people that obtain materials from outside the organization, transform them into products, and distribute them to customers. |
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| Those who purchase products in their final form. |
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| A customer who purchases raw materials or wholesale products before selling them to final customers. |
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| environmental uncertainty |
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| Lack of information needed to understand or predict the future. |
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| Searching for and sorting through information about the environment. |
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| Information that helps managers determine how to compete better. |
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| A narrative that describes a particular set of future conditions. |
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| Method for predicting how variables will change the future. |
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| The process of comparing an organization's practices and technologies with those of other companies. |
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| The process of sharing power with employees, thereby enhancing their confidence in their ability to preform their jobs and their belief that they are influential contributors to the organization |
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| creating supplies of excess resources in case of unpredictable needs. |
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| leveling normal fluctuations at the boundaries of the environment. |
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| methods for adapting the technical core the changes in the environment. |
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| strategies that an organization acting on its own uses to change some aspect of it's current environment. |
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| strategies used by two or more organizations together to manage the environment. |
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| an organization's conscious efforts to change the boundaries of its task environment. |
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| entering a new market or industry with an existing enterprise. |
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| a firm's investment in a different product, business, or geographic area. |
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| one or more companies combining with another. |
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| a firm selling one or more business. |
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| companies that continually change the boundaries for their task environments by seeking new products and markets, diversifying and merging , or acquiring new enterprises. |
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| companies that stay within a stable product domain as a strategic maneuver. |
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| the set of important assumptions about the organization and its goals and practices that members of the company share. |
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