Term
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Definition
| Inflammation of the spermatic cord |
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Term
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Definition
Gonorrhea
Schistosomiasis
Tuberculosis
Flariasis ( endemic) |
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Term
| Contents of spermatic cord |
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Definition
Ductus deferens
Cremasteric Muscle and fascia
Panpiniform plexus of veins |
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Term
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Definition
| accumulation of serous fluid in the tunica vaginalis. |
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Term
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Definition
| idiopathic, patent processes vaginalis, secondary tumors and inflammations of testes and epididmysis |
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Term
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Definition
| processus vaginalis does not close, or closes after fluid from the abdomen has become trapped in the scrotal cavity, |
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Term
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Definition
| when the processus vaginalis fails to close |
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Term
| Transillumination test is tested by |
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Definition
| holding a light behind the scrotum one can easily determine whether the mass is cystic or solid |
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Term
| Transillumination test is positive |
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Definition
| light shines through (mass is cystic) |
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Term
| Transillumination test is negative |
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Definition
| solid tumor is present (light blocked by mass) |
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Term
|
Definition
Varicosity of the veins of the pampiniform plexus in the
spermatic cord |
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Term
|
Definition
| infertility (number 1 cause) |
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Term
|
Definition
| idiopathic (mostly in left testis) |
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Term
| Secondary cause of Varicocele |
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Definition
| pressure on the spermatic vein by enlarged organ or tumor in the left kidney |
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Term
|
Definition
| veins that contain inadequate valves. seen as a tortuous mass on the surface of the scrotum |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Hematocele is caused by a |
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Definition
| hemorrhage into the hydrocele |
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Term
| Hematocele may be caused by |
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Definition
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Term
| Malignant tumors may cause |
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Definition
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Term
| Hemorrhagic diathesis may cause |
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Definition
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Term
| Torsion of testis may cause |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| cyst-like mass that forms within the epididymis. |
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Term
| A spermatocele is usually |
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Definition
| filled with fluid and dead sperm cells |
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Term
| Torsion disturbance of the testis is |
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Definition
| twisting of the spermatic cord cutting the venous drainage and the arterial blood supply |
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Term
| Torsion disturbance of the testis is caused by |
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Definition
| violent movement or trauma |
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Term
| With prompt diagnosis and treatment of testicular torsion the testicle |
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Definition
| can be saved in high number of cases |
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Term
| Testicular torsion is an emergency that requires |
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Definition
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Term
| Treatment of testicular torsion |
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Definition
| if within 6 hours there is an excellent chance of saving the testicle |
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Term
| Treatment of testicular torsion within 12 hours |
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Definition
| the success rate drops to 70% |
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Term
| Treatment of testicular torsion within 24 hours |
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Definition
| the success rate drops to 20% |
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Term
| After 24 hours the treatment of testicular torsion |
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Definition
| success rate approaches 0% |
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Term
| Once the testicle is dead it must be |
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Definition
| removed to prevent gangrenous infection |
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Term
| A doppler ultrasound scan of the scrotum is nearly 100% accurate at detecting |
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Definition
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Term
| Torsion imaging identifies |
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Definition
| the absence of blood flow in the twisted testicle, which distinguishes the condition from epididymitis. |
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Term
| Epididymitis is characterized by |
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Definition
| large amount of blood flow |
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Term
| Torsion disturbance of the testis is prevalent in |
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Definition
| patients 1 year of life to 12-18 year olds |
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Term
| Torsion disturbance of the testis will present with |
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Definition
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Term
| Torsion disturbance of the testis is is characterized by |
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Definition
| testis being high in the scrotum |
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Term
| Torsion disturbance of the testis onset is |
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Definition
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Term
| Torsion disturbance of the testis Prehn's Sign is |
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Definition
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Term
| Torsion disturbance of the testis could be caused by |
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Definition
| previous exercise or heavy lifting |
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Term
| Torsion disturbance of the testis patient presents with |
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Definition
| nausea, vomiting, and blood in semen |
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Term
| Epididymitis is prevalent in |
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Definition
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Term
| Epididymitis will present with |
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Definition
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Term
| Epididymitis position of testis is |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Epididymitis is relieved by |
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Definition
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Term
| Epididymitis (Prehn's Sign) is |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| superior-posterior-laterally |
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Term
| Epididymitis is commonly diagnosed as |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the testes |
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Term
|
Definition
Trauma
Viral infection-Mumps
Bacterial: gonococcal
Non specific
Tuberculosis
Syphilis |
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Term
|
Definition
| fibrous replacement of the tubules |
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Term
| Causes of testicular atrophy |
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Definition
Atherosclerosis
Severe malnutrition
Hypothyroidism
Hypopituitarism
Liver cirrhosis
Prolonged estrogen therapy
Ionizing radiation
Obstruction of ductus epididymis
Cryptorchidism
Agenesis ( Klinefelter’s syndrome) |
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Term
| Causes of mass within the scrotum |
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Definition
Enlarged testes
Cystic swellings
Indirect inguinal hernia
tumors |
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Term
| Causes of enlarged testes |
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Definition
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Term
| Interstitial Leydig cell tumor |
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Definition
| Small brown encapsulated tumor within the testicular substance |
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Term
| Interstitial Leydig cell tumor will cause |
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Definition
| decreased production of testosterone and increased amounts of estrogen causing (gynecomastia) |
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Term
| Effect of Interstitial Leydig cell tumor |
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Definition
Sexual precocity
Feminization: gynecomastia, impotence and testicular atrophy. |
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Term
|
Definition
| male starting to inherit female traits |
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Term
|
Definition
| Very rare , usually benign ( rarely malignant) |
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Term
| Other benign tumors include |
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Definition
| Benign Teratoma Leiomyoma, Fibroma and Lipoma. |
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Term
|
Definition
| the most common testicular tumor (malignant) |
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Term
|
Definition
| germ cells of the seminiferrous tubules |
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Term
|
Definition
| diffusely enlarge and is replaced by homogenous tumor mass |
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Term
| Direct infiltration of Seminoma affects |
|
Definition
| the epididymis and spermatic cord |
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Term
| Lymph spread of Seminoma is to the |
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Definition
| lumbar, para-aortic and mediastenial lymph nodes |
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Term
| Blood spread of Seminoma is to |
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Definition
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Term
| Seminoma effects the testes by |
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Definition
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Term
| Seminoma causes excess of |
|
Definition
| chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) |
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Term
| Germ cell tumor Seminoma is in |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| malignant germ cell tumor |
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Term
| Embryonal carcinoma is the |
|
Definition
| second most common germ cell tumor,20%-30%. |
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Term
| Embryonal carcinoma presenting conditions often include |
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Definition
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Term
| Embryonal carcinoma causes increase of |
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Definition
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Term
| Endodermal sinus tumor /Yolk sac tumor peak incidence is |
|
Definition
infancy and early childhood
(most common tumor in this age group) |
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Term
| Endodermal sinus tumor /Yolk sac tumor causes increase in |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Symtom of testicular cancer |
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Definition
| A pain, lump, enlargement, collection of fluid, in either testicle |
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Term
| Cancer generally only affects only |
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Definition
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Term
| Risk factors of Testicular Cancer are |
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Definition
cryptorchidism (undescended testicle)
abnormal testicle development
family history (age, race) |
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Term
| Abnormal testicle development is |
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Definition
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|
Term
| sperm production begins in the |
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Definition
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|
Term
| the production of testosterone in the interstitial cells is stimulated by |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| sperm final maturation occurs in the |
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Definition
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|
Term
| specifically where are sperm cells formed in the testes |
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Definition
| within the seminiferous tubules |
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Term
| during spermatogenesis which stage is first to be haploid in the the chromosomes |
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Definition
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|
Term
| what secrete fructose and prostoglandin |
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Definition
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Term
| which favors spermatozoa development |
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Definition
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|
Term
| inferior to urinary bladder |
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Definition
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|
Term
| source of male of androgen testosterone |
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Definition
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|
Term
| the testies decend normally |
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Definition
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|
Term
| cells are present at age 5 |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| the end of the vas deferens iwth a dilated sac |
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Term
|
Definition
| secretion of alkaline mucus |
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Term
| Infertility could develop when the sperm cells display |
|
Definition
| a count of less than 20 million |
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Term
| urethra passes through the |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| prostate converts testosterone to |
|
Definition
| dihydrotestosterone (DST) by 5 alpha reductase stimulating hypertrophy or hyperplasia |
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|
Term
| transilumination is positive shows |
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Definition
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