Term
| What characteristics do members of the phylum Apicomplexa share? |
|
Definition
| All are parasitic, have Apical Complex at one end of the organism |
|
|
Term
| What is the function of each of the components of the apical complex? |
|
Definition
Rhoptries and Mrinemes- secretory organelles host cell penetration
Conoid and Subpellicular microtubules – structural |
|
|
Term
| Worldwide, how many people are infected with and how many die from Plasmodium? |
|
Definition
| Approx.. half the world at risk. 216 *10^6 cases and 655000 deaths. |
|
|
Term
| What are the four species of Plasmodium which infect humans |
|
Definition
| 1. Ovale 2. Malaria 3. faciparum |
|
|
Term
| Trace an overview of the life cycle of the Plasmodium parasite in the vertebrate and mosquito hosts. |
|
Definition
| Sporozoite transmission stage to the human bloodliverexoerethrocytic cycle multiplies prepatant time of development RBC erthrocytic cell multiply gametocyte transmission stage to mosquito stomach of mosquito hemocoel glands |
|
|
Term
| What species of mosquito transmits malaria? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is it the male or female mosquito? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What stage of the parasite is infective to humans? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why do sporozoites invade hepatocytes and no other cells? |
|
Definition
| circumprozoite protein cenable them to invade hepatocyte |
|
|
Term
| What is the exoerythrocytic cycle? |
|
Definition
Metamorphoses into the trophzoite stage (feeding stage) it feeds on host cell cytoplasm. After approx 1 week- mature.
Metamorphoses into the trophzoite stage (feeding stage) it feeds on host cell cytoplasm. After approx 1 week- mature.
Begin Schizogony- asexual reproduction. Nuclear division. Numerous daughter nuclei.
=schizont
=cryptozite
Cytoplasm divides –meterozoites formed
Merozoites burst out of hepatocytes – initiate the erthrocytic cycle |
|
|
Term
| . How does the mosquito transmit the parasite to the human host |
|
Definition
| Probes skin for capillary, injects salivary gland secretions which prevent clotting. Sporozoites in her salivary glands gets ingested. |
|
|
Term
| Once the sporozoite invades the hepatocyte, it transforms into a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This stage feeds for approximately one week and then undergoes a process of asexual reproduction known as |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What occurs in the two steps of this process? |
|
Definition
| Nuclear division, and cytoplasmic division |
|
|
Term
| What is the end product of this reproduction |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This stage leaves the liver, enters the blood and initiates which cycle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the function of MSP-1 |
|
Definition
| It’s the merozoite surface protein-1. Interacts with and binds to proteins on RBC surface. |
|
|
Term
| How does the apical complex function during the invasion of an RBC? |
|
Definition
| Secretions from apical complex help the merozoite push in |
|
|
Term
| How did the signet ring stage get its name? |
|
Definition
| Because of the large food vacuole within the troph. |
|
|
Term
| How did the signet ring stage get its name? |
|
Definition
| Because of the large food vacuole within the troph. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| End product of parasite. Aids in digestion of hemoglobin. |
|
|
Term
| Does schizogony occur during the erythrocytic cycle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is released when an infected RBC ruptures? |
|
Definition
| Merozoites and parasitic wastes |
|
|
Term
| What does synchrony mean in a malaria infection? |
|
Definition
| merozoites develop at the same time. |
|
|
Term
| How is this related to the fevers associated with infection? |
|
Definition
| massive release of merozoites of metozoites and wastes stimulates host response—Fevers and chills. |
|
|
Term
| What is the fate of micro- and macrogametocytes |
|
Definition
| Some merazoites enter RBCs and develop into macro and microgametocytes. |
|
|
Term
| What stage of Plasmodium is infective to the vector? |
|
Definition
| Gametocytes reeased in anopheles stomach |
|
|
Term
| What happens to the macrogametocyte in the vector |
|
Definition
| Nucleus shifts and now known as microgamete (female). |
|
|
Term
| Name and explain the process which the microgametocyte undergoes in the vector. |
|
Definition
| Exflagellation in mosquito stomach- nucleus divides into 8 daughter nuclei. Each develops flagellum, cluster breaks apart and have 8 micrgametes (male). Stimulus for exflagellation is decrease in tem and increase in Ph. |
|
|
Term
| What two cells join during fertilization and what stage is produced |
|
Definition
| Microgamete and macrogamets |
|
|
Term
| Where does the ookinete go? |
|
Definition
| Penetrate stomach wall and g to hemocoel and attach |
|
|
Term
| How many sporozoites develop in one oocyst |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do the sporozoites get to the salivary glands |
|
Definition
| Break out of the oocyte when the sporoblast divides along with the nucleus and migrate to salivary glands. |
|
|
Term
| How does feeding behavior change in an infected mosquito? |
|
Definition
| Stimulates the mosquito to feed more frequently. |
|
|
Term
| What species of mosquito transmits malaria? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is it the male or female mosquito? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What stage of the parasite is infective to humans? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why do sporozoites invade hepatocytes and no other cells? |
|
Definition
| circumprozoite protein cenable them to invade hepatocyte |
|
|
Term
| What is the exoerythrocytic cycle? |
|
Definition
Metamorphoses into the trophzoite stage (feeding stage) it feeds on host cell cytoplasm. After approx 1 week- mature.
Metamorphoses into the trophzoite stage (feeding stage) it feeds on host cell cytoplasm. After approx 1 week- mature.
Begin Schizogony- asexual reproduction. Nuclear division. Numerous daughter nuclei.
=schizont
=cryptozite
Cytoplasm divides –meterozoites formed
Merozoites burst out of hepatocytes – initiate the erthrocytic cycle |
|
|
Term
| . How does the mosquito transmit the parasite to the human host |
|
Definition
| Probes skin for capillary, injects salivary gland secretions which prevent clotting. Sporozoites in her salivary glands gets ingested. |
|
|
Term
| Once the sporozoite invades the hepatocyte, it transforms into a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This stage feeds for approximately one week and then undergoes a process of asexual reproduction known as |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What occurs in the two steps of this process? |
|
Definition
| Nuclear division, and cytoplasmic division |
|
|
Term
| What is the end product of this reproduction |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This stage leaves the liver, enters the blood and initiates which cycle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the function of MSP-1 |
|
Definition
| It’s the merozoite surface protein-1. Interacts with and binds to proteins on RBC surface. |
|
|
Term
| How does the apical complex function during the invasion of an RBC? |
|
Definition
| Secretions from apical complex help the merozoite push in |
|
|
Term
| How did the signet ring stage get its name? |
|
Definition
| Because of the large food vacuole within the troph. |
|
|
Term
| How did the signet ring stage get its name? |
|
Definition
| Because of the large food vacuole within the troph. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| End product of parasite. Aids in digestion of hemoglobin. |
|
|
Term
| Does schizogony occur during the erythrocytic cycle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is released when an infected RBC ruptures? |
|
Definition
| Merozoites and parasitic wastes |
|
|
Term
| What does synchrony mean in a malaria infection? |
|
Definition
| merozoites develop at the same time. |
|
|
Term
| How is this related to the fevers associated with infection? |
|
Definition
| massive release of merozoites of metozoites and wastes stimulates host response—Fevers and chills. |
|
|
Term
| What is the fate of micro- and macrogametocytes |
|
Definition
| Some merazoites enter RBCs and develop into macro and microgametocytes. |
|
|
Term
| What stage of Plasmodium is infective to the vector? |
|
Definition
| Gametocytes reeased in anopheles stomach |
|
|
Term
| What happens to the macrogametocyte in the vector |
|
Definition
| Nucleus shifts and now known as microgamete (female). |
|
|
Term
| Name and explain the process which the microgametocyte undergoes in the vector. |
|
Definition
| Exflagellation in mosquito stomach- nucleus divides into 8 daughter nuclei. Each develops flagellum, cluster breaks apart and have 8 micrgametes (male). Stimulus for exflagellation is decrease in tem and increase in Ph. |
|
|
Term
| What two cells join during fertilization and what stage is produced |
|
Definition
| Microgamete and macrogamets |
|
|
Term
| Where does the ookinete go? |
|
Definition
| Penetrate stomach wall and g to hemocoel and attach |
|
|
Term
| How many sporozoites develop in one oocyst |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do the sporozoites get to the salivary glands |
|
Definition
| Break out of the oocyte when the sporoblast divides along with the nucleus and migrate to salivary glands. |
|
|
Term
| How does feeding behavior change in an infected mosquito? |
|
Definition
| Stimulates the mosquito to feed more frequently. |
|
|
Term
| What species of mosquito transmits malaria? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is it the male or female mosquito? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What stage of the parasite is infective to humans? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why do sporozoites invade hepatocytes and no other cells? |
|
Definition
| circumprozoite protein cenable them to invade hepatocyte |
|
|
Term
| What is the exoerythrocytic cycle? |
|
Definition
Metamorphoses into the trophzoite stage (feeding stage) it feeds on host cell cytoplasm. After approx 1 week- mature.
Metamorphoses into the trophzoite stage (feeding stage) it feeds on host cell cytoplasm. After approx 1 week- mature.
Begin Schizogony- asexual reproduction. Nuclear division. Numerous daughter nuclei.
=schizont
=cryptozite
Cytoplasm divides –meterozoites formed
Merozoites burst out of hepatocytes – initiate the erthrocytic cycle |
|
|
Term
| . How does the mosquito transmit the parasite to the human host |
|
Definition
| Probes skin for capillary, injects salivary gland secretions which prevent clotting. Sporozoites in her salivary glands gets ingested. |
|
|
Term
| Once the sporozoite invades the hepatocyte, it transforms into a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This stage feeds for approximately one week and then undergoes a process of asexual reproduction known as |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What occurs in the two steps of this process? |
|
Definition
| Nuclear division, and cytoplasmic division |
|
|
Term
| What is the end product of this reproduction |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This stage leaves the liver, enters the blood and initiates which cycle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the function of MSP-1 |
|
Definition
| It’s the merozoite surface protein-1. Interacts with and binds to proteins on RBC surface. |
|
|
Term
| How does the apical complex function during the invasion of an RBC? |
|
Definition
| Secretions from apical complex help the merozoite push in |
|
|
Term
| How did the signet ring stage get its name? |
|
Definition
| Because of the large food vacuole within the troph. |
|
|
Term
| How did the signet ring stage get its name? |
|
Definition
| Because of the large food vacuole within the troph. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| End product of parasite. Aids in digestion of hemoglobin. |
|
|
Term
| Does schizogony occur during the erythrocytic cycle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is released when an infected RBC ruptures? |
|
Definition
| Merozoites and parasitic wastes |
|
|
Term
| What does synchrony mean in a malaria infection? |
|
Definition
| merozoites develop at the same time. |
|
|
Term
| How is this related to the fevers associated with infection? |
|
Definition
| massive release of merozoites of metozoites and wastes stimulates host response—Fevers and chills. |
|
|
Term
| What is the fate of micro- and macrogametocytes |
|
Definition
| Some merazoites enter RBCs and develop into macro and microgametocytes. |
|
|
Term
| What stage of Plasmodium is infective to the vector? |
|
Definition
| Gametocytes reeased in anopheles stomach |
|
|
Term
| What happens to the macrogametocyte in the vector |
|
Definition
| Nucleus shifts and now known as microgamete (female). |
|
|
Term
| Name and explain the process which the microgametocyte undergoes in the vector. |
|
Definition
| Exflagellation in mosquito stomach- nucleus divides into 8 daughter nuclei. Each develops flagellum, cluster breaks apart and have 8 micrgametes (male). Stimulus for exflagellation is decrease in tem and increase in Ph. |
|
|
Term
| What two cells join during fertilization and what stage is produced |
|
Definition
| Microgamete and macrogamets |
|
|
Term
| Where does the ookinete go? |
|
Definition
| Penetrate stomach wall and g to hemocoel and attach |
|
|
Term
| How many sporozoites develop in one oocyst |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do the sporozoites get to the salivary glands |
|
Definition
| Break out of the oocyte when the sporoblast divides along with the nucleus and migrate to salivary glands. |
|
|
Term
| How does feeding behavior change in an infected mosquito? |
|
Definition
| Stimulates the mosquito to feed more frequently. |
|
|
Term
| What species of mosquito transmits malaria? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is it the male or female mosquito? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What stage of the parasite is infective to humans? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why do sporozoites invade hepatocytes and no other cells? |
|
Definition
| circumprozoite protein cenable them to invade hepatocyte |
|
|
Term
| What is the exoerythrocytic cycle? |
|
Definition
Metamorphoses into the trophzoite stage (feeding stage) it feeds on host cell cytoplasm. After approx 1 week- mature.
Metamorphoses into the trophzoite stage (feeding stage) it feeds on host cell cytoplasm. After approx 1 week- mature.
Begin Schizogony- asexual reproduction. Nuclear division. Numerous daughter nuclei.
=schizont
=cryptozite
Cytoplasm divides –meterozoites formed
Merozoites burst out of hepatocytes – initiate the erthrocytic cycle |
|
|
Term
| . How does the mosquito transmit the parasite to the human host |
|
Definition
| Probes skin for capillary, injects salivary gland secretions which prevent clotting. Sporozoites in her salivary glands gets ingested. |
|
|
Term
| Once the sporozoite invades the hepatocyte, it transforms into a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This stage feeds for approximately one week and then undergoes a process of asexual reproduction known as |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What occurs in the two steps of this process? |
|
Definition
| Nuclear division, and cytoplasmic division |
|
|
Term
| What is the end product of this reproduction |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This stage leaves the liver, enters the blood and initiates which cycle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the function of MSP-1 |
|
Definition
| It’s the merozoite surface protein-1. Interacts with and binds to proteins on RBC surface. |
|
|
Term
| How does the apical complex function during the invasion of an RBC? |
|
Definition
| Secretions from apical complex help the merozoite push in |
|
|
Term
| How did the signet ring stage get its name? |
|
Definition
| Because of the large food vacuole within the troph. |
|
|
Term
| How did the signet ring stage get its name? |
|
Definition
| Because of the large food vacuole within the troph. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| End product of parasite. Aids in digestion of hemoglobin. |
|
|
Term
| Does schizogony occur during the erythrocytic cycle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is released when an infected RBC ruptures? |
|
Definition
| Merozoites and parasitic wastes |
|
|
Term
| What does synchrony mean in a malaria infection? |
|
Definition
| merozoites develop at the same time. |
|
|
Term
| How is this related to the fevers associated with infection? |
|
Definition
| massive release of merozoites of metozoites and wastes stimulates host response—Fevers and chills. |
|
|
Term
| What is the fate of micro- and macrogametocytes |
|
Definition
| Some merazoites enter RBCs and develop into macro and microgametocytes. |
|
|
Term
| What stage of Plasmodium is infective to the vector? |
|
Definition
| Gametocytes reeased in anopheles stomach |
|
|
Term
| What happens to the macrogametocyte in the vector |
|
Definition
| Nucleus shifts and now known as microgamete (female). |
|
|
Term
| Name and explain the process which the microgametocyte undergoes in the vector. |
|
Definition
| Exflagellation in mosquito stomach- nucleus divides into 8 daughter nuclei. Each develops flagellum, cluster breaks apart and have 8 micrgametes (male). Stimulus for exflagellation is decrease in tem and increase in Ph. |
|
|
Term
| What two cells join during fertilization and what stage is produced |
|
Definition
| Microgamete and macrogamets |
|
|
Term
| Where does the ookinete go? |
|
Definition
| Penetrate stomach wall and g to hemocoel and attach |
|
|
Term
| How many sporozoites develop in one oocyst |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do the sporozoites get to the salivary glands |
|
Definition
| Break out of the oocyte when the sporoblast divides along with the nucleus and migrate to salivary glands. |
|
|
Term
| How does feeding behavior change in an infected mosquito? |
|
Definition
| Stimulates the mosquito to feed more frequently. |
|
|
Term
| What species of mosquito transmits malaria? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is it the male or female mosquito? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What stage of the parasite is infective to humans? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why do sporozoites invade hepatocytes and no other cells? |
|
Definition
| circumprozoite protein cenable them to invade hepatocyte |
|
|
Term
| What is the exoerythrocytic cycle? |
|
Definition
Metamorphoses into the trophzoite stage (feeding stage) it feeds on host cell cytoplasm. After approx 1 week- mature.
Metamorphoses into the trophzoite stage (feeding stage) it feeds on host cell cytoplasm. After approx 1 week- mature.
Begin Schizogony- asexual reproduction. Nuclear division. Numerous daughter nuclei.
=schizont
=cryptozite
Cytoplasm divides –meterozoites formed
Merozoites burst out of hepatocytes – initiate the erthrocytic cycle |
|
|
Term
| . How does the mosquito transmit the parasite to the human host |
|
Definition
| Probes skin for capillary, injects salivary gland secretions which prevent clotting. Sporozoites in her salivary glands gets ingested. |
|
|
Term
| Once the sporozoite invades the hepatocyte, it transforms into a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This stage feeds for approximately one week and then undergoes a process of asexual reproduction known as |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What occurs in the two steps of this process? |
|
Definition
| Nuclear division, and cytoplasmic division |
|
|
Term
| What is the end product of this reproduction |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This stage leaves the liver, enters the blood and initiates which cycle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the function of MSP-1 |
|
Definition
| It’s the merozoite surface protein-1. Interacts with and binds to proteins on RBC surface. |
|
|
Term
| How does the apical complex function during the invasion of an RBC? |
|
Definition
| Secretions from apical complex help the merozoite push in |
|
|
Term
| How did the signet ring stage get its name? |
|
Definition
| Because of the large food vacuole within the troph. |
|
|
Term
| How did the signet ring stage get its name? |
|
Definition
| Because of the large food vacuole within the troph. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| End product of parasite. Aids in digestion of hemoglobin. |
|
|
Term
| Does schizogony occur during the erythrocytic cycle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is released when an infected RBC ruptures? |
|
Definition
| Merozoites and parasitic wastes |
|
|
Term
| What does synchrony mean in a malaria infection? |
|
Definition
| merozoites develop at the same time. |
|
|
Term
| How is this related to the fevers associated with infection? |
|
Definition
| massive release of merozoites of metozoites and wastes stimulates host response—Fevers and chills. |
|
|
Term
| What is the fate of micro- and macrogametocytes |
|
Definition
| Some merazoites enter RBCs and develop into macro and microgametocytes. |
|
|
Term
| What stage of Plasmodium is infective to the vector? |
|
Definition
| Gametocytes reeased in anopheles stomach |
|
|
Term
| What happens to the macrogametocyte in the vector |
|
Definition
| Nucleus shifts and now known as microgamete (female). |
|
|
Term
| Name and explain the process which the microgametocyte undergoes in the vector. |
|
Definition
| Exflagellation in mosquito stomach- nucleus divides into 8 daughter nuclei. Each develops flagellum, cluster breaks apart and have 8 micrgametes (male). Stimulus for exflagellation is decrease in tem and increase in Ph. |
|
|
Term
| What two cells join during fertilization and what stage is produced |
|
Definition
| Microgamete and macrogamets |
|
|
Term
| Where does the ookinete go? |
|
Definition
| Penetrate stomach wall and g to hemocoel and attach |
|
|
Term
| How many sporozoites develop in one oocyst |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do the sporozoites get to the salivary glands |
|
Definition
| Break out of the oocyte when the sporoblast divides along with the nucleus and migrate to salivary glands. |
|
|
Term
| How does feeding behavior change in an infected mosquito? |
|
Definition
| Stimulates the mosquito to feed more frequently. |
|
|
Term
| What species of mosquito transmits malaria? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is it the male or female mosquito? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What stage of the parasite is infective to humans? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why do sporozoites invade hepatocytes and no other cells? |
|
Definition
| circumprozoite protein cenable them to invade hepatocyte |
|
|
Term
| What is the exoerythrocytic cycle? |
|
Definition
Metamorphoses into the trophzoite stage (feeding stage) it feeds on host cell cytoplasm. After approx 1 week- mature.
Metamorphoses into the trophzoite stage (feeding stage) it feeds on host cell cytoplasm. After approx 1 week- mature.
Begin Schizogony- asexual reproduction. Nuclear division. Numerous daughter nuclei.
=schizont
=cryptozite
Cytoplasm divides –meterozoites formed
Merozoites burst out of hepatocytes – initiate the erthrocytic cycle |
|
|
Term
| . How does the mosquito transmit the parasite to the human host |
|
Definition
| Probes skin for capillary, injects salivary gland secretions which prevent clotting. Sporozoites in her salivary glands gets ingested. |
|
|
Term
| Once the sporozoite invades the hepatocyte, it transforms into a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This stage feeds for approximately one week and then undergoes a process of asexual reproduction known as |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What occurs in the two steps of this process? |
|
Definition
| Nuclear division, and cytoplasmic division |
|
|
Term
| What is the end product of this reproduction |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This stage leaves the liver, enters the blood and initiates which cycle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the function of MSP-1 |
|
Definition
| It’s the merozoite surface protein-1. Interacts with and binds to proteins on RBC surface. |
|
|
Term
| How does the apical complex function during the invasion of an RBC? |
|
Definition
| Secretions from apical complex help the merozoite push in |
|
|
Term
| How did the signet ring stage get its name? |
|
Definition
| Because of the large food vacuole within the troph. |
|
|
Term
| How did the signet ring stage get its name? |
|
Definition
| Because of the large food vacuole within the troph. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| End product of parasite. Aids in digestion of hemoglobin. |
|
|
Term
| Does schizogony occur during the erythrocytic cycle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is released when an infected RBC ruptures? |
|
Definition
| Merozoites and parasitic wastes |
|
|
Term
| What does synchrony mean in a malaria infection? |
|
Definition
| merozoites develop at the same time. |
|
|
Term
| How is this related to the fevers associated with infection? |
|
Definition
| massive release of merozoites of metozoites and wastes stimulates host response—Fevers and chills. |
|
|
Term
| What is the fate of micro- and macrogametocytes |
|
Definition
| Some merazoites enter RBCs and develop into macro and microgametocytes. |
|
|
Term
| What stage of Plasmodium is infective to the vector? |
|
Definition
| Gametocytes reeased in anopheles stomach |
|
|
Term
| What happens to the macrogametocyte in the vector |
|
Definition
| Nucleus shifts and now known as microgamete (female). |
|
|
Term
| Name and explain the process which the microgametocyte undergoes in the vector. |
|
Definition
| Exflagellation in mosquito stomach- nucleus divides into 8 daughter nuclei. Each develops flagellum, cluster breaks apart and have 8 micrgametes (male). Stimulus for exflagellation is decrease in tem and increase in Ph. |
|
|
Term
| What two cells join during fertilization and what stage is produced |
|
Definition
| Microgamete and macrogamets |
|
|
Term
| Where does the ookinete go? |
|
Definition
| Penetrate stomach wall and g to hemocoel and attach |
|
|
Term
| How many sporozoites develop in one oocyst |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do the sporozoites get to the salivary glands |
|
Definition
| Break out of the oocyte when the sporoblast divides along with the nucleus and migrate to salivary glands. |
|
|
Term
| How does feeding behavior change in an infected mosquito? |
|
Definition
| Stimulates the mosquito to feed more frequently. |
|
|
Term
| What species of mosquito transmits malaria? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is it the male or female mosquito? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What stage of the parasite is infective to humans? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why do sporozoites invade hepatocytes and no other cells? |
|
Definition
| circumprozoite protein cenable them to invade hepatocyte |
|
|
Term
| What is the exoerythrocytic cycle? |
|
Definition
Metamorphoses into the trophzoite stage (feeding stage) it feeds on host cell cytoplasm. After approx 1 week- mature.
Metamorphoses into the trophzoite stage (feeding stage) it feeds on host cell cytoplasm. After approx 1 week- mature.
Begin Schizogony- asexual reproduction. Nuclear division. Numerous daughter nuclei.
=schizont
=cryptozite
Cytoplasm divides –meterozoites formed
Merozoites burst out of hepatocytes – initiate the erthrocytic cycle |
|
|
Term
| . How does the mosquito transmit the parasite to the human host |
|
Definition
| Probes skin for capillary, injects salivary gland secretions which prevent clotting. Sporozoites in her salivary glands gets ingested. |
|
|
Term
| Once the sporozoite invades the hepatocyte, it transforms into a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This stage feeds for approximately one week and then undergoes a process of asexual reproduction known as |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What occurs in the two steps of this process? |
|
Definition
| Nuclear division, and cytoplasmic division |
|
|
Term
| What is the end product of this reproduction |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This stage leaves the liver, enters the blood and initiates which cycle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the function of MSP-1 |
|
Definition
| It’s the merozoite surface protein-1. Interacts with and binds to proteins on RBC surface. |
|
|
Term
| How does the apical complex function during the invasion of an RBC? |
|
Definition
| Secretions from apical complex help the merozoite push in |
|
|
Term
| How did the signet ring stage get its name? |
|
Definition
| Because of the large food vacuole within the troph. |
|
|
Term
| How did the signet ring stage get its name? |
|
Definition
| Because of the large food vacuole within the troph. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| End product of parasite. Aids in digestion of hemoglobin. |
|
|
Term
| Does schizogony occur during the erythrocytic cycle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is released when an infected RBC ruptures? |
|
Definition
| Merozoites and parasitic wastes |
|
|
Term
| What does synchrony mean in a malaria infection? |
|
Definition
| merozoites develop at the same time. |
|
|
Term
| How is this related to the fevers associated with infection? |
|
Definition
| massive release of merozoites of metozoites and wastes stimulates host response—Fevers and chills. |
|
|
Term
| What is the fate of micro- and macrogametocytes |
|
Definition
| Some merazoites enter RBCs and develop into macro and microgametocytes. |
|
|
Term
| What stage of Plasmodium is infective to the vector? |
|
Definition
| Gametocytes reeased in anopheles stomach |
|
|
Term
| What happens to the macrogametocyte in the vector |
|
Definition
| Nucleus shifts and now known as microgamete (female). |
|
|
Term
| Name and explain the process which the microgametocyte undergoes in the vector. |
|
Definition
| Exflagellation in mosquito stomach- nucleus divides into 8 daughter nuclei. Each develops flagellum, cluster breaks apart and have 8 micrgametes (male). Stimulus for exflagellation is decrease in tem and increase in Ph. |
|
|
Term
| What two cells join during fertilization and what stage is produced |
|
Definition
| Microgamete and macrogamets |
|
|
Term
| Where does the ookinete go? |
|
Definition
| Penetrate stomach wall and g to hemocoel and attach |
|
|
Term
| How many sporozoites develop in one oocyst |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do the sporozoites get to the salivary glands |
|
Definition
| Break out of the oocyte when the sporoblast divides along with the nucleus and migrate to salivary glands. |
|
|
Term
| How does feeding behavior change in an infected mosquito? |
|
Definition
| Stimulates the mosquito to feed more frequently. |
|
|
Term
| What species of mosquito transmits malaria? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is it the male or female mosquito? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What stage of the parasite is infective to humans? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why do sporozoites invade hepatocytes and no other cells? |
|
Definition
| circumprozoite protein cenable them to invade hepatocyte |
|
|
Term
| What is the exoerythrocytic cycle? |
|
Definition
Metamorphoses into the trophzoite stage (feeding stage) it feeds on host cell cytoplasm. After approx 1 week- mature.
Metamorphoses into the trophzoite stage (feeding stage) it feeds on host cell cytoplasm. After approx 1 week- mature.
Begin Schizogony- asexual reproduction. Nuclear division. Numerous daughter nuclei.
=schizont
=cryptozite
Cytoplasm divides –meterozoites formed
Merozoites burst out of hepatocytes – initiate the erthrocytic cycle |
|
|
Term
| . How does the mosquito transmit the parasite to the human host |
|
Definition
| Probes skin for capillary, injects salivary gland secretions which prevent clotting. Sporozoites in her salivary glands gets ingested. |
|
|
Term
| Once the sporozoite invades the hepatocyte, it transforms into a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This stage feeds for approximately one week and then undergoes a process of asexual reproduction known as |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What occurs in the two steps of this process? |
|
Definition
| Nuclear division, and cytoplasmic division |
|
|
Term
| What is the end product of this reproduction |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This stage leaves the liver, enters the blood and initiates which cycle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the function of MSP-1 |
|
Definition
| It’s the merozoite surface protein-1. Interacts with and binds to proteins on RBC surface. |
|
|
Term
| How does the apical complex function during the invasion of an RBC? |
|
Definition
| Secretions from apical complex help the merozoite push in |
|
|
Term
| How did the signet ring stage get its name? |
|
Definition
| Because of the large food vacuole within the troph. |
|
|
Term
| How did the signet ring stage get its name? |
|
Definition
| Because of the large food vacuole within the troph. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| End product of parasite. Aids in digestion of hemoglobin. |
|
|
Term
| Does schizogony occur during the erythrocytic cycle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is released when an infected RBC ruptures? |
|
Definition
| Merozoites and parasitic wastes |
|
|
Term
| What does synchrony mean in a malaria infection? |
|
Definition
| merozoites develop at the same time. |
|
|
Term
| How is this related to the fevers associated with infection? |
|
Definition
| massive release of merozoites of metozoites and wastes stimulates host response—Fevers and chills. |
|
|
Term
| What is the fate of micro- and macrogametocytes |
|
Definition
| Some merazoites enter RBCs and develop into macro and microgametocytes. |
|
|
Term
| What stage of Plasmodium is infective to the vector? |
|
Definition
| Gametocytes reeased in anopheles stomach |
|
|
Term
| What happens to the macrogametocyte in the vector |
|
Definition
| Nucleus shifts and now known as microgamete (female). |
|
|
Term
| Name and explain the process which the microgametocyte undergoes in the vector. |
|
Definition
| Exflagellation in mosquito stomach- nucleus divides into 8 daughter nuclei. Each develops flagellum, cluster breaks apart and have 8 micrgametes (male). Stimulus for exflagellation is decrease in tem and increase in Ph. |
|
|
Term
| What two cells join during fertilization and what stage is produced |
|
Definition
| Microgamete and macrogamets |
|
|
Term
| Where does the ookinete go? |
|
Definition
| Penetrate stomach wall and g to hemocoel and attach |
|
|
Term
| How many sporozoites develop in one oocyst |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do the sporozoites get to the salivary glands |
|
Definition
| Break out of the oocyte when the sporoblast divides along with the nucleus and migrate to salivary glands. |
|
|
Term
| How does feeding behavior change in an infected mosquito? |
|
Definition
| Stimulates the mosquito to feed more frequently. |
|
|
Term
| What species of mosquito transmits malaria? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is it the male or female mosquito? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What stage of the parasite is infective to humans? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why do sporozoites invade hepatocytes and no other cells? |
|
Definition
| circumprozoite protein cenable them to invade hepatocyte |
|
|
Term
| What is the exoerythrocytic cycle? |
|
Definition
Metamorphoses into the trophzoite stage (feeding stage) it feeds on host cell cytoplasm. After approx 1 week- mature.
Metamorphoses into the trophzoite stage (feeding stage) it feeds on host cell cytoplasm. After approx 1 week- mature.
Begin Schizogony- asexual reproduction. Nuclear division. Numerous daughter nuclei.
=schizont
=cryptozite
Cytoplasm divides –meterozoites formed
Merozoites burst out of hepatocytes – initiate the erthrocytic cycle |
|
|
Term
| . How does the mosquito transmit the parasite to the human host |
|
Definition
| Probes skin for capillary, injects salivary gland secretions which prevent clotting. Sporozoites in her salivary glands gets ingested. |
|
|
Term
| Once the sporozoite invades the hepatocyte, it transforms into a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This stage feeds for approximately one week and then undergoes a process of asexual reproduction known as |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What occurs in the two steps of this process? |
|
Definition
| Nuclear division, and cytoplasmic division |
|
|
Term
| What is the end product of this reproduction |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This stage leaves the liver, enters the blood and initiates which cycle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the function of MSP-1 |
|
Definition
| It’s the merozoite surface protein-1. Interacts with and binds to proteins on RBC surface. |
|
|
Term
| How does the apical complex function during the invasion of an RBC? |
|
Definition
| Secretions from apical complex help the merozoite push in |
|
|
Term
| How did the signet ring stage get its name? |
|
Definition
| Because of the large food vacuole within the troph. |
|
|
Term
| How did the signet ring stage get its name? |
|
Definition
| Because of the large food vacuole within the troph. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| End product of parasite. Aids in digestion of hemoglobin. |
|
|
Term
| Does schizogony occur during the erythrocytic cycle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is released when an infected RBC ruptures? |
|
Definition
| Merozoites and parasitic wastes |
|
|
Term
| What does synchrony mean in a malaria infection? |
|
Definition
| merozoites develop at the same time. |
|
|
Term
| How is this related to the fevers associated with infection? |
|
Definition
| massive release of merozoites of metozoites and wastes stimulates host response—Fevers and chills. |
|
|
Term
| What is the fate of micro- and macrogametocytes |
|
Definition
| Some merazoites enter RBCs and develop into macro and microgametocytes. |
|
|
Term
| What stage of Plasmodium is infective to the vector? |
|
Definition
| Gametocytes reeased in anopheles stomach |
|
|
Term
| What happens to the macrogametocyte in the vector |
|
Definition
| Nucleus shifts and now known as microgamete (female). |
|
|
Term
| Name and explain the process which the microgametocyte undergoes in the vector. |
|
Definition
| Exflagellation in mosquito stomach- nucleus divides into 8 daughter nuclei. Each develops flagellum, cluster breaks apart and have 8 micrgametes (male). Stimulus for exflagellation is decrease in tem and increase in Ph. |
|
|
Term
| What two cells join during fertilization and what stage is produced |
|
Definition
| Microgamete and macrogamets |
|
|
Term
| Where does the ookinete go? |
|
Definition
| Penetrate stomach wall and g to hemocoel and attach |
|
|
Term
| How many sporozoites develop in one oocyst |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do the sporozoites get to the salivary glands |
|
Definition
| Break out of the oocyte when the sporoblast divides along with the nucleus and migrate to salivary glands. |
|
|
Term
| How does feeding behavior change in an infected mosquito? |
|
Definition
| Stimulates the mosquito to feed more frequently. |
|
|
Term
| What species of mosquito transmits malaria? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is it the male or female mosquito? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What stage of the parasite is infective to humans? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why do sporozoites invade hepatocytes and no other cells? |
|
Definition
| circumprozoite protein cenable them to invade hepatocyte |
|
|
Term
| What is the exoerythrocytic cycle? |
|
Definition
Metamorphoses into the trophzoite stage (feeding stage) it feeds on host cell cytoplasm. After approx 1 week- mature.
Metamorphoses into the trophzoite stage (feeding stage) it feeds on host cell cytoplasm. After approx 1 week- mature.
Begin Schizogony- asexual reproduction. Nuclear division. Numerous daughter nuclei.
=schizont
=cryptozite
Cytoplasm divides –meterozoites formed
Merozoites burst out of hepatocytes – initiate the erthrocytic cycle |
|
|
Term
| . How does the mosquito transmit the parasite to the human host |
|
Definition
| Probes skin for capillary, injects salivary gland secretions which prevent clotting. Sporozoites in her salivary glands gets ingested. |
|
|
Term
| Once the sporozoite invades the hepatocyte, it transforms into a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This stage feeds for approximately one week and then undergoes a process of asexual reproduction known as |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What occurs in the two steps of this process? |
|
Definition
| Nuclear division, and cytoplasmic division |
|
|
Term
| What is the end product of this reproduction |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This stage leaves the liver, enters the blood and initiates which cycle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the function of MSP-1 |
|
Definition
| It’s the merozoite surface protein-1. Interacts with and binds to proteins on RBC surface. |
|
|
Term
| How does the apical complex function during the invasion of an RBC? |
|
Definition
| Secretions from apical complex help the merozoite push in |
|
|
Term
| How did the signet ring stage get its name? |
|
Definition
| Because of the large food vacuole within the troph. |
|
|
Term
| How did the signet ring stage get its name? |
|
Definition
| Because of the large food vacuole within the troph. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| End product of parasite. Aids in digestion of hemoglobin. |
|
|
Term
| Does schizogony occur during the erythrocytic cycle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is released when an infected RBC ruptures? |
|
Definition
| Merozoites and parasitic wastes |
|
|
Term
| What does synchrony mean in a malaria infection? |
|
Definition
| merozoites develop at the same time. |
|
|
Term
| How is this related to the fevers associated with infection? |
|
Definition
| massive release of merozoites of metozoites and wastes stimulates host response—Fevers and chills. |
|
|
Term
| What is the fate of micro- and macrogametocytes |
|
Definition
| Some merazoites enter RBCs and develop into macro and microgametocytes. |
|
|
Term
| What stage of Plasmodium is infective to the vector? |
|
Definition
| Gametocytes reeased in anopheles stomach |
|
|
Term
| What happens to the macrogametocyte in the vector |
|
Definition
| Nucleus shifts and now known as microgamete (female). |
|
|
Term
| Name and explain the process which the microgametocyte undergoes in the vector. |
|
Definition
| Exflagellation in mosquito stomach- nucleus divides into 8 daughter nuclei. Each develops flagellum, cluster breaks apart and have 8 micrgametes (male). Stimulus for exflagellation is decrease in tem and increase in Ph. |
|
|
Term
| What two cells join during fertilization and what stage is produced |
|
Definition
| Microgamete and macrogamets |
|
|
Term
| Where does the ookinete go? |
|
Definition
| Penetrate stomach wall and g to hemocoel and attach |
|
|
Term
| How many sporozoites develop in one oocyst |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do the sporozoites get to the salivary glands |
|
Definition
| Break out of the oocyte when the sporoblast divides along with the nucleus and migrate to salivary glands. |
|
|
Term
| How does feeding behavior change in an infected mosquito? |
|
Definition
| Stimulates the mosquito to feed more frequently. |
|
|
Term
| What species of mosquito transmits malaria? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is it the male or female mosquito? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What stage of the parasite is infective to humans? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why do sporozoites invade hepatocytes and no other cells? |
|
Definition
| circumprozoite protein cenable them to invade hepatocyte |
|
|
Term
| What is the exoerythrocytic cycle? |
|
Definition
Metamorphoses into the trophzoite stage (feeding stage) it feeds on host cell cytoplasm. After approx 1 week- mature.
Metamorphoses into the trophzoite stage (feeding stage) it feeds on host cell cytoplasm. After approx 1 week- mature.
Begin Schizogony- asexual reproduction. Nuclear division. Numerous daughter nuclei.
=schizont
=cryptozite
Cytoplasm divides –meterozoites formed
Merozoites burst out of hepatocytes – initiate the erthrocytic cycle |
|
|
Term
| . How does the mosquito transmit the parasite to the human host |
|
Definition
| Probes skin for capillary, injects salivary gland secretions which prevent clotting. Sporozoites in her salivary glands gets ingested. |
|
|
Term
| Once the sporozoite invades the hepatocyte, it transforms into a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This stage feeds for approximately one week and then undergoes a process of asexual reproduction known as |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What occurs in the two steps of this process? |
|
Definition
| Nuclear division, and cytoplasmic division |
|
|
Term
| What is the end product of this reproduction |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This stage leaves the liver, enters the blood and initiates which cycle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the function of MSP-1 |
|
Definition
| It’s the merozoite surface protein-1. Interacts with and binds to proteins on RBC surface. |
|
|
Term
| How does the apical complex function during the invasion of an RBC? |
|
Definition
| Secretions from apical complex help the merozoite push in |
|
|
Term
| How did the signet ring stage get its name? |
|
Definition
| Because of the large food vacuole within the troph. |
|
|
Term
| How did the signet ring stage get its name? |
|
Definition
| Because of the large food vacuole within the troph. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| End product of parasite. Aids in digestion of hemoglobin. |
|
|
Term
| Does schizogony occur during the erythrocytic cycle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is released when an infected RBC ruptures? |
|
Definition
| Merozoites and parasitic wastes |
|
|
Term
| What does synchrony mean in a malaria infection? |
|
Definition
| merozoites develop at the same time. |
|
|
Term
| How is this related to the fevers associated with infection? |
|
Definition
| massive release of merozoites of metozoites and wastes stimulates host response—Fevers and chills. |
|
|
Term
| What is the fate of micro- and macrogametocytes |
|
Definition
| Some merazoites enter RBCs and develop into macro and microgametocytes. |
|
|
Term
| What stage of Plasmodium is infective to the vector? |
|
Definition
| Gametocytes reeased in anopheles stomach |
|
|
Term
| What happens to the macrogametocyte in the vector |
|
Definition
| Nucleus shifts and now known as microgamete (female). |
|
|
Term
| Name and explain the process which the microgametocyte undergoes in the vector. |
|
Definition
| Exflagellation in mosquito stomach- nucleus divides into 8 daughter nuclei. Each develops flagellum, cluster breaks apart and have 8 micrgametes (male). Stimulus for exflagellation is decrease in tem and increase in Ph. |
|
|
Term
| What two cells join during fertilization and what stage is produced |
|
Definition
| Microgamete and macrogamets |
|
|
Term
| Where does the ookinete go? |
|
Definition
| Penetrate stomach wall and g to hemocoel and attach |
|
|
Term
| How many sporozoites develop in one oocyst |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do the sporozoites get to the salivary glands |
|
Definition
| Break out of the oocyte when the sporoblast divides along with the nucleus and migrate to salivary glands. |
|
|
Term
| How does feeding behavior change in an infected mosquito? |
|
Definition
| Stimulates the mosquito to feed more frequently. |
|
|
