Term
|
Definition
| non industrial system of plant cultivation characterized by continuous and intensive use of land and labor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| exchange of goods, barrowing, peopleuse what they need to use. no sense of private property |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| immediate or set time frame of barrowing goods. e.g: barrowing clothes from someone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bartering, silent trade, theft, explotation. calcualted and social distance is the greatest |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| basic unit of social organization among foragers. A band includes fewer than 100 people; often splitting up seasonally |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a populations system of production, distribution and consumption of sources |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Nonindustrial system of plant cultivation in which plots lie fallow for varying lengths of time |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| profit oriented principle of exchange that dominates in states. Goods and services are bought and sold and values are determined by suply and demand |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| land, labor, technology and capital - major productive resources |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| way of organizing production- set of social relations through which labor is deployed to wrest energy from nature by means of tools, skills and knowledge |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| people who use a food producing stradegy of adaptation based on care of herds and domesticated animals. egaltarian society, ownership of animals determins politics and social organization:ranking |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the entire group -women, men and children moves with the animals throughout the year |
|
|
Term
| pastoralists transhumance |
|
Definition
| only part of the group moves with the herds but most people stay in the home village |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| small-scale agriculturalist living in a state, with rent fund obligations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| competitive feat among indians on the north pacific coast of north america |
|
|
Term
| redistributions issues: typology of adaptive strategies |
|
Definition
| foraging, horticulture, agriculture, pastoralism, industrialism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| foraging was primary human means of making a living until advent of food production incldes food collecting: (hunting and gathering), small group sized, high mobility within home range, low population, egaltairian society,no headman, food sharing (horticulture/agriculture/pastoralism) – 10 K years ago |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| food production, ranked stree crops, root crops, seed crops, hand labor, not much food surplus, ocial structure,some specialized roles, division of labor by sex |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| food production, acquisition, factory workers, alienation from there product, no strong pride or personal idenification in their work. |
|
|
Term
| features of agriculture on “cultivating continuum;” |
|
Definition
| requires more labor than horticulture , uses land continuously. demands include, domesticated animals, irrigation and terracing |
|
|
Term
| pastoral strategy – always mixed – know how |
|
Definition
| activities focus on domesticated animals such as cattle, sheeps, goats camels common to live in sybiosis with their herds.they consume their meat blood and milk |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the cross culture study of systems of production, distribution and consumption. in non industiral societies, kinbased mode of production prevails. one aquires rights to resources and labor through membership ans social groups not impersonally through purchse and sale |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the system of production, distribution, exchange. the science of allocating scarce means to alternative ends. |
|
|
Term
| anthropologist perspective on economics |
|
Definition
| how production,distribution, and consumtion organized in different societies. nonindustrial societies there is a more intimate relationshipbetween the worker and the means of production (land labor and technology) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| three modes of distribution: reciprocity, re distribution and market exchange |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| market principle, redistribution and reciprocity |
|
|
Term
| Polanyi’s exchange principles |
|
Definition
| reciprocity, redistribution, market exchange, money; correlations of exchange modes with other features of economy; |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one of the 3 principles of exchange, governs exchange between social equals major exchange mode in band and tribal societies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
inward flow,outward dispersal, requires centralized government and political figure motives which include
1.) main authority(collects tribute, display wealth)
2.)assure that needs are met
3.)establish alliances
operates when goods services or other equivilant mmove from othe local level to a canter. the cneter may be a captial, regional collectiion point, or store house near cheifs residence. e.g: cherokee, productive farmers who subsidted on maided beans amd squash. evveryone would bring tthem together and was agreed upon that the food was there for whoever needed it |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dominates in states, buying and selling for profit, sedintary societies with surplus and labor specialization, buyer and seller, no other relationship, standard currency |
|
|
Term
| correlations of exchange modes with other features of economy |
|
Definition
| tax money going to the goventment-redistribution, sale of consumer goods- market place principle, exchange of gifts (balanced) reciprocity |
|
|
Term
| ritual patterns of feasting and exchange among nonindustrial food producing societies |
|
Definition
| a villiage who had a good year and had a surplus of substance items which could be trade for more durable wealth items such as blankets, canooes, pieces of copper. wealth in trun, by being distributed, could be converted into prestige. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
