Term
| Structures of the Lymphatic System |
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Definition
· primary organs: bone marrow (in the hollow center of bones) and the thymus gland (located behind the breastbone above the heart), and
· secondary organs at or near possible portals of entry for pathogens: adenoids, tonsils, spleen (located at the upper left of the abdomen), lymph nodes (along the lymphatic vessels with concentrations in the neck, armpits, abdomen, and groin), Peyer's patches (within the intestines), and the appendix. |
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Term
| Characteristic of Lymph Capillaries |
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Definition
| Permits excess tissue fluid and some other substances as dissolved protein molecules to leave the tissue spaces |
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Term
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Definition
| Blood plasma filters out of the capillaries into the microscopic spaces between tissue cells because of the pressure generated by the pumping action of the heart. There, the liquid is called interstitial fluid, or tissue fluid. Much of the interstitial fluid goes back into the blood by the same route it came out (that is, through the capillary membrane). The remainder of the interstitial fluid enters the lymphatic system before it returns to the blood. |
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Term
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Definition
| Empties the lymph into the blood in veins in the neck region. It is the largest lymphatic vessel in the body. |
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Term
| Common characteristic shared by blood and lymph vessel |
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Definition
| Both are microscopic and both are formed from sheets consisting of a cell layer of simple squamous epithelium called endothelium |
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Term
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Definition
| Large pouchlike structure in thoracic duct in the abdomen that serves as a storage area for lymph moving toward its point of entry into the venous system |
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Term
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Definition
A lymphatic capillary that absorbs dietary fats in the villi of the small intestine
Fat transfortation from food to bloodstream |
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Term
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Definition
Filter's lymph
Located in clusters along the pathways of lymphatic vessels
Functions include defense and WBC formation
Flow of lymph to node via several afferent lymph vessels and drained from the node by a single efferent lymph vessel |
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Term
| ______ are the white blood cells that protect the body by ingesting harmful foreign particles, bacteria, and dead or dying cells. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Small lymphoid tissue organ located in the mediastinum, extending upward in the middle of the neck. It is a source of lymphocytes before birth and is then especially important in the "maturation," or development, of specialized lymphocytes that then leave the thymus and circulate to the spleen, tonsils, lymph nodes, and other lymphatic tissues. The thymus completes most of its work early in childhood and is then replaces by largely by fat and connective tissue, a process called involution. |
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Term
| Palatine tonsils are located.. |
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Definition
| either side of the throat |
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Term
| Pharyngeal and Adenoidstonsils are located |
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Definition
| near the posterior opening of the nasal cavity |
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Term
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Definition
| Removed by filtration and phagocytosis many bacteria and other foreign substances, destroys worn out red blood cells and salvages the iron found in hemoglobin for future use, and serves as a reservoir for blood that can be returned to the circulation. |
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Term
| Heat is an inflammation caused by |
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Definition
| Increased blood flow to the inflamed area |
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Term
| Swelling is an inflammation by |
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Definition
| Increased vessel permeability |
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Term
| What type of immunity is inflammatory response? |
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Definition
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Term
| Example of Natural active immunity |
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Definition
| A child develops measles and acquires immunity to a subsequent infection |
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Term
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Definition
| A fetus receives protection from the mother through the placenta, or an infant receives protection via the mother's milk |
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Term
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Definition
| A substance that when introduced into the body stimulates the production of an antibody. Antigens include toxins, bacteria, foreign blood cells, and the cells of transplanted organs |
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Term
| What happens when an antigen and a complement protein combine? |
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Definition
| Formation of highly specialized protein molecules that target foreign cells for destruction |
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Term
| What is a Complement usually found in an inactive form in the blood, activated by antibodies, consists of a group of protein molecules? |
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Definition
| Complement Antimicrobial Proteins |
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Term
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Definition
| Specialized cells in the liver that destroy bacteria, foreign proteins, and worn-out blood cells |
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Term
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Definition
| Specific antibodies in their cell membranes |
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Term
| Antigens cause immature B cells to become what type of daughter cells? |
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Definition
| Plasma cells and memory cells |
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Term
| T cells developing in the thymus, cell-mediated immunity, respond to |
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Definition
| Antigens by releasing antibodies |
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Term
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Definition
| Poisons that can directly kill cells |
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Term
| Main function of Lacteals |
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Definition
| It absorbs dietary lipids into the lymphatic system |
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Term
| Part of the body's nonspecific immunity |
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Definition
Skin
Antimicrobial Proteins
Cilia
Gastric Juice
Symbiotic bacteria of the GI |
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Term
| Complement-binding sites location |
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Definition
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Term
| Lymphocytes can be found in.. |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of fluid is called lymph when it enters a lymph Vessel |
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Definition
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Term
| Pharyngeal tonsils are called _____ when they become swollen |
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Definition
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Term
| Artificial Active Immunity |
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Definition
| Injection of the causative agent, such as vaccination against polio, confers immunity |
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Term
| Artificial Passive Immunity |
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Definition
| Injection of protective material (antibodies) that was developed by another individual's immune system is given |
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Term
| What causes Long-Term immunity? |
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Definition
| Humoral immunity is mediated by B-lymphocytes or B-cells. They stay in the lymph node and secret antibodies into blood, a body humor. They become memory cells for long-term immunity |
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Term
| Lymph can carry ____ _____ that can be trapped in lymph nodes, possible route for the spread of cancer, carry _____ to lymph nodes |
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Definition
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Term
| Antibodies are important in what type of immune response? |
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Definition
help fight against foreign substances called antigens.
antibodies attach, or bind, themselves to the antigen and inactivate it. |
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