Term
| What are the 4 major types of T cells? |
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Definition
| Cytotoxic T cells (Tc), Helper T cells (Th), Suppressor T cells (Ts) and Memory T cells |
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Term
| Which T cells attacks foreign cells? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which T cell activates T cells and B cells? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which T cell inhibits T and B cells? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which T cells respond to antigens they ahve already encoutnered? What specifically do they do? |
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Definition
| Memory T cells; they clone more lymphocytes |
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Term
| How are antigens displayed? |
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Definition
| Anitgens are displayed by MHC proteins on the cell membrane |
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Term
| What is MHC and what does it do (2)? |
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Definition
| MHC is Major Histocompatibility Complex and it is important in tissue transplant rejection and may play a role in mate selection |
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Term
| If a T-cell is sensitive to the antigen what happens? |
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Definition
| (T-cells sensitive to the antigen are) activated upon contact |
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Term
| What are the two classes of MHC? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where are Class I (MHC) found? |
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Definition
| Class I are found on all nucleated cells |
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Term
| What do Class I (MHC) do? |
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Definition
| Display antigens found inside the cell (E.g., viral proteins) |
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Term
| Where are Class II (MHC) found? |
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Definition
| Class II is found on antigen presenting cells and lymphocytes |
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Term
| What do Class II (MHC) do? |
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Definition
| Display antigens brought into the cell by phagocytosis or endocytosis |
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Term
| What responds to antigesn bound to MHC? |
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Definition
| Lymphocytes respond to antigens bound to MHC |
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Term
| What is the T-cell programmed to respond to? |
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Definition
| The T-cell is programed to respond to specific MCH protiens |
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Term
| Do all T-cells recognize Class I/II? |
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Definition
| No, some T-cells recognize antigens bound to Class I MCH proteins and others to class II MCH proteins |
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Term
| _______ recognition by the T-cell is ______. |
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Definition
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Term
| When is costimulation needed? |
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Definition
| Costimulation is needed before the T-cells are activated |
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Term
| Pertaining to costimulation, binding at a second site prevents what from happening? |
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Definition
| binding at a second site prevents mistakenly attacking a normal cell |
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Term
| What destorys abnormal cells? |
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Definition
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Term
| Give two examples of Cytotoxic T-cells |
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Definition
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Term
| What cell functions during a second exposure to an antigen? |
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Definition
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Term
| If re-infected, will the response be faster or slower? Why? |
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Definition
| It will be faster due to the memory Tc cells |
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Term
| What cell inhibits the immune response? |
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Definition
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Term
| After an initial response, how will the effects of the suppressor T cells appear? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does activated helper T cells secrete? What is the function of this secreation? |
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Definition
| Secretes lymphokines taht coordinate specific and nonspecific defenses |
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Term
| What do helper T cells stimulate? |
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Definition
| Th cells stimuate NK cells |
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Term
| What cell promotes the activation of B cells? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is another name for antibody-mediated immunity (paired with B cells)? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| B cells lauch a chemical attack that produces antibodies |
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Term
| Pertaining to B cells, what is sensitization? |
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Definition
| Sensitization is when the antigen binds to a superficial antibody on a B cell membrane |
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Term
| When sensitization happens, how are antigens displayed? |
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Definition
| antigens are displayed on B cell as Class II MHC |
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Term
| When Th cells are activated by the same antigen, what is stimulated? |
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Definition
| Tc cells activated by same antigen stimulate B cells |
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Term
| What do active B cells differentiate into? |
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Definition
| Memory B cells or plasma cells |
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Term
| What is the purpose of plasma cells? |
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Definition
| Plasma cells synthesize and release anitbodies |
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Term
| Where do memory cells remain? Why? |
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Definition
| Memory cells remain in reserve for subsequent exposure |
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Term
| What are the 4 characteristics to the shaped of an antibody? |
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Definition
| Y-shpaed proteins, 2 heavy polypeptide chains and 2 light chains, the constant region and the variable region |
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Term
| Which region is the antigen binding site? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which region binds to body cells or the complement? |
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Definition
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