Meaning: up, upward or back, backward

Example: Anastomosis - a surgical connection between two structures, such as lymphatic vessels, often performed to restore fluid flow.

Meaning: Against

Example: Antgenic - relating to or characteristic of an antigen, a substance that triggers an immune response

Example: Large

Example: Macrophage - a large white blood cells that engulfs and digests pathogens and debris

Meaning: one, single

Example: Mononucleosis - a viral infection that increases certain types of white blood cells (monocytes) and often affects lymph nodes. 

Meaning: New

Example: Neoplasm - a new and abnormal growth of tissue, often a tumor

Meaning: Distant

Example: Teletherapy - a form of external radiation therapy where the radiation source is distant from the body

Meaning: without, not

Example: Anoxia- the absence of oxygen in tissues

Meaning: Slow

Example: Bradypnea - abnormally slow breathing

Meaning: Blue

Example: Cyanpderma - a bluish discoloration of the skin due to lack of oxygen, also referred to as cyanosis

Meaning: Difficult, painful, abnormal

Example: Dysphonia - a condition involving difficulty speaking or having an abnormal voice, often caused by issues in the larynx or vocal cords

Meaning: Within, inside

Example: Endotracheal intubation - the insertion of a tube through the mouth into the trachea to maintain an open airway

Meaning:Good, normal

Example: Eucapnia - a normal level of carbon dioxide in the blood, essential for maintaining pH balance and respiratory health

Meaning: Excessive, above

Example: hyperresonance - an increase echo heard during percussion of the chest, often indication air trapping in conditions like pneumothorax or emphysema

Meaning: Below, deficient 

Example: Hypoxemia - low levels of oxygen in the blood, which can impair the delivery of oxygen to tissues and organs. It is often caused by respiratory disorders such as asthma, pneumonia, COPD, or pulmonary embolism

Meaning: Beside, near

Example: Paranasal - beside the nose

Meaning: Many, excessive

Example: Polysomnograpgy -a test to study multiple aspects of sleep, often used to diagnosis sleep disorders

Meaning: fast

Example: Tachypnea - rapid breathing

Meaning: Pertaining to

Example: Hypochondriac - Pertaining to the upper abdomen beneath the ribs. The hypochondriac regions are located near lymph nodes that assist in draining parts of the abdominal cavity

Meaning: Pertaining to

Example: Inguinal - Pertaining to the groin, where many lymph nodes are located

Meaning: Pertaining to

Example: Axillary - pertaining to the armpit

Meaning: Removal

Example: Plasmapheresis - removal of plasma from the blood, often used to treat autoimmune disorders affecting the lymphatic system

Meaning: killing

Example: Bactericide - a substance that kills bacteria, sometimes used to prevent infections in lymphatic tissues 

Meaning: Swelling

Example: Lymphedema - swelling that generally occurs in one of the arms or legs due to a blockage in the lymphatic system

Meaning: Creation, formation

Example: Lymphangiogenesis - the formation of new lymphatic vessels, a process that plays a vital role in tissue repair, immune responses, and conditions such a as cancer, by providing additional pathways for fluid and cell transport

Meaning: pertaining to

Example: Cytotoxic - pertaining to the destruction of cells, often used in cancer treatments affecting lymphatic cells

Meaning: Specialist in the study of

Example: Oncologist - a doctor who specializes in the study and treatment of cancer, including cancers affecting the lymphatic system

Meaning: study of 

Example: Immunology - the study of the immune system, including diseases that affect the lymphatic system, such as lymphoma, lymphedema, and autoimmune conditions

Meaning: Destruction

Example: Hemolytic - pertaining to the destruction of red blood cells, which can affect immune and lymphatic function

Meaning: view of

Example: Biopsy - the removal of tissue for examination, often used to diagnose lymphatic cancers.

Meaning: Formation, growth

Example: Cytoplasm -the gel-like material within cells, including lymphatic cells, where cellular processes occur

Meaning: Formation or production

Example: Hematopoiesis - the formation of blood cells, which are essential to immune and lymphatic function

Meaning: Inhibiting

Example: Bacteriostatic - an agent that inhibits bacterial growth, helping prevent infections in the lymphatic system

Meaning: Treatment

Example: Radiotherapy-treatment using radiation, often used for cancers that affect the lymphatic systen

Meaning: Process,condition

Example: Expectoration - the process of coughing up material from the lungs

Meaning: Surgical puncture to remove fluid

Example: Thoracentesis - removal of fluid from the pleural space

Meaning: Pain

Example: Pleurodynia - pain in the pleura (lining of the lungs)

Meaning: Dilation, expansion

Example: Bronchiectasis - dilation of the bronchi

Meaning: condition

Example: Empyema - a collection of pus within a cavity in the body, particularly the pleural space of the lungs

Meaning: condition

Example: Hypoxia -a condition of low oxygen levels

Meaning: Having the ability to, pertaining to

Example: Antitussive - a medication used to suppress coughing

Meaning: Measuring device

Example: Pulse oximeter- a device used to measure oxygen saturation levels in the blood

Meaning:Tumor, mass

Example: Granuloma -a mass of immune cells in the lungs

-pnea

Meaning:Breathing

Example: Orthopnea - difficulty breathing that improves when sitting or standing upright. It is often associated with heart failure or lung conditions where lying flat can cause shortness of breath

Meaning: Spitting

Example: Hemopysis -spitting up blood from the respiratory tract

Meaning: Discharge, flow

Example: Rhinorrhea - discharge from the nose

Meaning: visual examination

Example: Bronchoscopy- visual examination of the bronchi

Meaning: instrument for viewing

Example: Bronchoscope - an instrument used to view the bronchi

Meaning: Involuntary contraction

Example: Bronchospasm - involuntary contraction of the bronchi, often seen in asthma

Meaning: Dripping, bleeding

Example: Epistaxis -the medical term for a nosebleed

Meaning: Creation of an opening

Example: Tracheostomy - the surgical creation of an opening in the trachea

Meaning: cutting, incision

Example: Laryngotomy -a surgical incision into the larynx (voice-box)

Meaning: gland

Example: Adenopathy - disease of the glands, especially the lymph nodes

Meaning: Adenoids 

Example: Adenoidectomy - surgical removal of the Adenoids, which are part of the lymphatic system

Meaning: cancer

Example: Carcinoma- a type of cancer that begins in epithelial tissues and can spread to the lymphatic system

Meaning: neck

Example: cervicodynia -pain in the neck, which can be associated with swollen lymph nodes (lymphadenopathy) or infections in the lymphatic system

Meaning: cell 

Example: cytology- the study of cells, often used to diagnose diseases affecting lymphatic cells

Meaning: fungus

Example: Fungicide- an agent that kills fungi, often used to prevent fungal infections in the lymphatic system

Meaning: immune, immunity

Example: immunogenic - something that can provoke an immune response, such as an antigen or vaccine component 

Meaning: Lymph

Example: Lymphoma- a type of cancer that begins in lymphatic tissues

Meaning: Lymph node 

Example: lymphadenopathy- disease of the lymph nodes, often seen in infections or cancer

lymphangi/o

Meaning: Lymph vessel

Example: Lymphangiography -imaging of the lymphatic vessels

Meaning: lymphocyte

Example: Lymphocytopenia –a deficiency of lymphocytes, which are vital to immune function

Meaning:Breast

Example:Mammogram -an image of the breast, used to screen for breast cancer, which can spread to lymph nodes; Mastectomy- surgical removal of the breast

Meaning: Tumor

Example: oncology - the study of cancer, including cancers of the lymphatic system

Meaning: Eat, swallow

Example: Phagocyte- cell that engulfs and digests foreign substances, including bacteria, dead cells, and debris, which is crucial to the immune response

Meaning: formation, development

Example:  Neoplastic –pertaining to the growth of a tumor, often in lymphatic tissues.

Meaning: Spleen

Example: Splenectomy –surgical removal of the spleen.

Meaning: Thymus gland

Example: Thymoma –a tumor originating from the thymus gland, part of the lymphatic system

Meaning: Tonsil

Example: Tonsillectomy –surgical removal of the tonsils

Meaning: Virus

Example: Viremia –the presence of viruses in the blood, often affecting the lymphatic and immune systems

Meaning: Alveolus, air sac

Example: Alveolitis – Inflammation of the alveoli, which are tiny air sacs in the lungs responsible for gas exchange. This condition can result from infections, autoimmune diseases, or inhalation of harmful substances, leading to difficulty breathing and reduced oxygen absorption.

Meaning: Bronchus

Example: Bronchostenosis – a narrowing of the bronchial passages, which can develop due to scarring, inflammation, tumors, or chronic infections. The reduced airway size can make breathing difficult and may cause wheezing or recurring respiratory problems.

Meaning: Carbon dioxide

Example: Hypercapnia – A condition marked by excessive carbon dioxide in the bloodstream, often caused by hypoventilation or lung diseases like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Symptoms include confusion, shortness of breath, and headaches, requiring ventilation support in severe cases.

Meaning: Bladder, sac

Example: Cystic fibrosis – A genetic disorder that leads to thick, sticky mucus buildup in the lungs and digestive system. It causes difficulty breathing, chronic lung infections, and malnutrition due to pancreatic enzyme deficiencies. Treatment involves mucus-thinning drugs and airway clearance techniques

Meaning: Diaphragm

Example: Diaphragmatocele – A hernia in the diaphragm, where abdominal organs push into the chest cavity. This condition may lead to breathing difficulties, chest pain, and gastrointestinal symptoms. Surgical repair is often necessary to correct the defect.

Meaning: Epiglottis

Example: Epiglottitis – Severe inflammation of the epiglottis, which is the flap covering the windpipe during swallowing. Often caused by bacterial infections, it can obstruct airflow and lead to a life-threatening emergency. Immediate medical attention is required, often involving antibiotics and airway management.

Meaning: Fiber

Example: Pulmonary fibrosis – A condition characterized by scarring and thickening of lung tissue, which reduces oxygen transfer. Causes may include long-term exposure to toxins, radiation therapy, or autoimmune diseases. Symptoms include chronic dry cough, shortness of breath, and fatigue, often treated with medications or lung transplants.

Meaning: Blood

Example: Hemothoractomy– A surgical procedure involving an incision into the thorax, or chest cavity, to drain blood that has accumulated in the pleural space.

Meaning: Larynx (voice box)

Example: Laryngomalacia – A condition where the soft tissues of the larynx are abnormally flexible, causing them to collapse inward during breathing. This can result in noisy breathing (stridor), especially in infants

Meaning: Lobe

Example: Lobectomy – Surgical removal of a lobe of the lung, often performed to treat lung cancer, tuberculosis, or severe infections. Recovery may involve pulmonary rehabilitation and breathing exercises to improve lung function.

Meaning: Mucus

Example: Mucolytic – A medication that helps break down and thin mucus, making it easier to clear from the airways. Mucolytics are commonly used in treating chronic respiratory conditions like cystic fibrosis and COPD.

Meaning: Nose

Example: Nasopharyngitis – Inflammation of the nasal passages and pharynx, commonly referred to as the common cold. Symptoms include nasal congestion, sore throat, and sneezing. Treatments focus on symptom relief with decongestants and hydration

Meaning: Oxygen

Example: Hypoxia – A condition characterized by low oxygen levels in body tissues, which can result from respiratory failure, high altitudes, or anemia. Symptoms include shortness of breath, confusion, and cyanosis. Treatment may involve supplemental oxygen or mechanical ventilation

Ab (Antibody)

Ag (Antigen)

CA, Ca (Cancer)

CIS (Carcinoma In Situ)

DCIS (Ductal Carcinoma In Situ)

ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay)

HL (Hodgkin Lymphoma)

HZ (Herpes Zoster)

IgA (Immunoglobulin A)

IgD (Immunoglobulin D)

IgE (Immunoglobulin E)

IgG (Immunoglobulin G)

IgM (Immunoglobulin M)

IG (Immunoglobulin)

LE (Lupus Erythematosus)

MET (Metastasis)

Met (Metastatic)

MMR (Measles, Mumps, and Rubella)

NHL (Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma)

VSZ (Varicella Zoster Virus)

ARDS (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome)

BiPAP (Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure)

BVM (Bag-Valve Mask)

CF (Cystic Fibrosis)

COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)

CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure)

CXR (Chest X-Ray)

FESS (Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery)

HBOT (Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy)

MDI (Metered-Dose Inhaler)

OSA (Obstructive Sleep Apnea)

PNA (Pneumonia)

PFT (Pulmonary Function Test)

SIDS (Sudden Infant Death Syndrome)

TB (Tuberculosis)

URI (Upper Respiratory Infection)

VATS (Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery)