Term
| Airway is derived from what? |
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Definition
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Term
| vasculature, smooth muscle, fibroblasts of the lungs is derived from what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What happens if the seperation of trachea and esophagus fails? |
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Definition
| Tracheoesophageal malformations. Can from a fistula |
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Term
| Cartilage of tracheal rings is formed from what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the five stages of lung development? |
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Definition
| Embryonic, Pseudoglandular, Canalicular, Saccular, and Alveolar |
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Term
| What developes during the embryonic and pseudoglandular phase of lung development? |
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Definition
| Bronchi, Bronchioles, and Terminal Bronchioles |
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Term
| What develops during the canicular phase of lung development? |
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Definition
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Term
| what develops during the saccular phase of lung development? |
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Definition
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Term
| What develops during the alveolar phase of lung development? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name for the lung membrane that produces fluid? |
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Definition
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Term
| In what stage do lungs become highly vascularized? |
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Definition
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Term
| By which stage is respiration possible? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the purpose of fetal breathing movements? |
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Definition
Mechanical stimulation for lung development.
Regulation of amniotic fluid |
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Term
| At what stage of lung development will we see fully functional type II cells? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the function of type II cells? |
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Definition
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Term
| How long can it take for alveoli to form in an infant? |
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Definition
| It can take up to 8 years for full alveolar development |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two key cell types for alveolar secondary septation? |
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Definition
Lipid Fibroblasts
Myofibroblasts |
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Term
| What is the function of lipid fibroblasts in alveolar development? |
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Definition
| Make lipids and shuttle them to type II cells to help for rapid proliferation |
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Term
| What is the function of Myofibroblasts in alveolar development? |
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Definition
| Contract in the saccules to help form the secondary septa |
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Term
| What is Surfactant composed of? |
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Definition
Phospholipids (Phosphatidylcholine, Phosphatidylglycerol)
Surfactant Proteins (A,B,C,D) |
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Term
| What happens to patients with Surfactant Protein B deficiency? |
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Definition
| Severe, acute respiratory distress and death |
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Term
| What is the function of Surfactant Proteins A and D? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the function of Surfactant Protein B and C? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the purpose of surfactant? |
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Definition
| Keeps alveoli from collapsing by lowering the surface tension |
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Term
| What are possibly treatment pathways to manage underdeveloped fetal lungs before premature birth of a fetus? |
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Definition
| Treatment with Maternal glucocorticoids |
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Term
| What is chorioamnionitis? |
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Definition
| Premature rupture of membranes in amniotic sac. Results in early lung infections |
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Term
| What is Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia? |
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Definition
| Lack of lung tissue resulting in lower perfusion |
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Term
| In a normal adult the pulmonary circulation is high or low pressure? |
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Definition
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Term
| In a normal adult systemic circulation is high or low pressure? |
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Definition
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Term
| In a normal infant, pulmonary circulatory pressure is high or low? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the result of no regression of Fetal pulmonary arteries? |
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Definition
PPHN: Persistant pulmonary hypertension
This affect can also happen in the adult if the pulmonary phenotype reverts |
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Term
| What are Congenital Lung Cysts? |
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Definition
| Peripheral bronchi filled with fluid or air |
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Term
| Oligohydramnios can have what effect on the lungs? |
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Definition
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Term
| Polyhydramnios is indicative of what possible lung defect? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name for the failure of lung budding? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a possible impact of Renal Agenesis on lung tissue? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name for lung development that finishes with only rudimentary bronchus? |
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Definition
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