Term
| Three joints of the lumbar spine |
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Definition
| joint between the 2 vertebral discs and the IVD, articulation with vertebra above, articulation with vertebra below |
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Term
| Which is larger in size L1 or L5 |
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Definition
|
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Term
| the superior facets of the lumbar vertebra face how |
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Definition
|
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Term
| the inferior facets of the lumbar vertebra faceh ow |
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Definition
|
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Term
| the mammillary processes of the lumbar spine are for what |
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Definition
|
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Term
| how many ligaments does the lumbar spine have? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what is the function of the ligaments of the lumbar spine? |
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Definition
| function to provide support and afferent input to the CNS |
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Term
| 5 ligaments of lumbar spine |
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Definition
| post/ant longitudinal ligaments, ligamentum flavum, interspinous ligaments, supraspinous ligaments, iliolumbar ligaments |
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Term
| Which is thicker ALL or PLL? |
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Definition
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Term
| features of the Anterior Longitudinal Ligament |
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Definition
| thicker, checks hyperextension, supports anterior disc |
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Term
| features of the posterior longitudinal ligament |
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Definition
| thinner, taught in flexion, attached to posterior annulus, highly innervated with pain sensitive fibers |
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Term
| what are the interspinous/supraspinous ligaments |
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Definition
| flaval, inter & supraspinous ligament |
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Term
| what connects the lamina of the lumbar spina |
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Definition
|
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Term
| features of teh flaval ligament (2) |
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Definition
| highly elastic, has attachment to facet capsule |
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Term
| the flaval ligament may thicken causing what |
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Definition
| narrowing of the spinal canal |
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Term
| narrowing of the spinal canal |
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Definition
|
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Term
| the inter and supraspinous ligaments limit what motions |
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Definition
| side bending and rotation |
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Term
| of the ligaments of the lumbar spine, which is most likely to be sprained |
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Definition
| inelastic inter and supraspinous ligaments |
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Term
| role of the iliolumbar ligaments |
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Definition
| stabilizes lumbar spine on sacrum |
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Term
| which ligament primarily resists lateral bending and anterior shear of L5 on the Sacrum |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What are the 3 components of the iliolumbar ligament? |
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Definition
| superior, inferior, sacral |
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Term
| in the lumbar spine, this exists as a network of noncontractile tissue |
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Definition
|
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Term
| the thoracolumbar fascia has what layers? |
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Definition
| posterior, middle, anterior |
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Term
| the thoracolumbar fascia attaches to where |
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Definition
| directly to lumbar vertebrae and pelvis |
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Term
| tension development within the thoracolumbar fascia creates a significant what on the lumbar region |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what are the two muscle systems of the spine |
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Definition
|
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Term
| muscles of the global system of the spine (5) |
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Definition
| rectus abdominis, internal/external obliques, lateral fibers of quadratus lumborus, lumbar iliocostalis (thoracic vertebra) |
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Term
| role of the muscles of the global system of the spine (3) |
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Definition
| eccentrically decelerate spine, control rotation of spine as a whole, stabilization of spine as a whole |
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Term
| muscles of the local system of the spine (7) |
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Definition
| iliocostalis and longismus thoracic (lumbar vertebra), medial fibers of quadratus lumborum, diaphragm, lumbar multifidus, transversus abdominis, posterior fibers of internal oblique |
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Term
| role of the muscles of the local system |
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Definition
|
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Term
| the zygapophyseal joints of the lumbar spine are innervated by what |
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Definition
| medial branches of the dorsal rami |
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Term
| outerhalf of the IVD of the lumbar spine is innervated by what |
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Definition
| sinuvertebral nerve and the grey rami communicantes |
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Term
| posterior lateral aspect of the lumbar IVD is innervated by what |
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Definition
| sinuvertebral nerve and the gray rami communicantes |
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Term
| lateral apsect of the IVD of the lumbar spine is innervated by what |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| primary function of the zygapophyseal joint of the lumbar spine |
|
Definition
| protect the motino segment from anterior shear forces, excessive rotation, and flexion |
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Term
| the articular surfaces of the lumbar spine are covered by what |
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Definition
|
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Term
| the superior facet of the lumbar spine is what shape |
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Definition
|
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Term
| the inferior facet of the lumbar spine is what shape |
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Definition
|
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Term
| L1-L4 take what orientation |
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Definition
|
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Term
| the saggital orientation of L1-L4 allows what motion |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| more frontal plane orientation |
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Term
| L5-s1 sagittal orientation resists what kind of motion |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| fatty synovial mass located within joint |
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Definition
|
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Term
| the cartilage end plates are continuous with what |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| the cartilage end plate sits within what |
|
Definition
| ring apophysis of vertebral body |
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|
Term
| cartilage end plates are composed of what |
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Definition
| proteoglycans, collagen, water, fibrocartilage, hyaline cartilage |
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|
Term
| cartilage end plate functions for what |
|
Definition
| provide passive diffusion of nutrients |
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Term
| cartilage end plate is mostly what |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| annulus fibrosus is concentric layers of lamellae composed of what |
|
Definition
| type II collagen and fibrocartilage |
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|
Term
| annulus fibrosus is mostly |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| the outer 1/3 of the annulus fibrosus is innervated by... |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| annulus fibrosus function |
|
Definition
| sustain compressive torsional, shearing, and distraction loads |
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Term
| nucleus pulposus is mostly made up ofwhat |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| nucelus pulposus is made up of what |
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Definition
| water, proteoglycans with a minimal amount of collagen (Type I) |
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Term
| the nucleus pulpsous is _______ and _______ |
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Definition
|
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Term
| the nucleus pulposus makes up how much of the height of the vertebral column |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| nucelus pulposus function |
|
Definition
| sustain compressive, torsional, shearing, and distraction loads |
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Term
|
Definition
| shock absorption through load distribution, 80% of body weight transmitted through lumbar spine, allows spacing and motion between vertebral segments |
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Term
| as you bend backwards what happens to the gap between the vertebra |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| as you bend forward what happens to the gap between vertebra |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| as you bend backwards what happens to the IVD? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| as you bend forwards what happens to the disc |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| as you sidebend what happens to the IVD |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| pivot point of a healthy IVD |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| pivot point of a narrow IVD |
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Definition
| within the bony articulations |
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|
Term
| lumbar spondylosis conseqeunces: decreased...(4) |
|
Definition
| disc height, segmental stability, intervertebral space, central canal and foraminal space |
|
|
Term
| lumbar spondylosis: consequences: formation of what |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| lumbar spondylosis: consequences: ligament affected and how |
|
Definition
| buckling of ligamentum flavum |
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|
Term
| lumbar spondylosis: consequences: damages to facets |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| a focal disruption of the annular fibers |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| with an annular fissure what may be evident in the annulus |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| fluid evident in the annulus as a result of annular fissure is also called what |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| disc bulge results in the annulus extending beyond what |
|
Definition
| adjacent vertebral end plates |
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|
Term
| bulging discs are associated with what |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| a circumferential diffuse extension of the annulus |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what distinguishes the bulging disc from the protruded or extruded disc? |
|
Definition
| circumferential character |
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|
Term
| a focal asymmetric condition in which a segment of the disc contour extends beyond the margin of the adjacent vertebrae into the spinal canal |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| disk protrusion: some of the outermost fibers of the annulus are noted to be... |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| nucleus extends beyond the annulus posterior and longitudinal ligament into the epidural space |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| which disc pathology may migrate up or down the spinal canal |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| which disc pathology is known as a button hole lesion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| a free fragment of disc that is detached from the remaining portion of the disck |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pure spinal motion rarely occurs in any of the three cardinal planes due to what |
|
Definition
| varied orientation of the facet joint surfaces |
|
|
Term
| two or more individual motions occurring simultaneously during normal physiologic movement or function |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| fryette's law 1st law: thoracic and lumbar spines are in a neutral position, sidebending of a vertebrae is _______ to the side of rotation |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Fryette's second law: When the thoracic and lumbar spines are in a hyperflex or hyperextended position sidebending and rotation occur to the _____ side |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| fryette's 3rd law: when motion in one plane occurs, the allowable motion in another plane is ______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| lumbar segmental motion: flexion |
|
Definition
| upper facets glide up and forward |
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|
Term
| lumbar segmental motion: extension |
|
Definition
| upper facets glide down and back |
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|
Term
| lumbar segmental motion: sidebending to right |
|
Definition
| left facet glides up and right facet glides down |
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|
Term
| lumbar segmental motion: rotation to right |
|
Definition
| right facet distracted, left facet compressed |
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|
Term
| flexion/extension rom L1-L2 |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| flexion/extension rom L2-L3 |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| flexion/extension rom L3-L4 |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| flexion/extension rom L4-L5 |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| flexion/extension rom L5-S1 |
|
Definition
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